.=========================+==--.
|      TomeNET Guide      |
+=========================+-
| Latest update: 3. Mar 2010 - written by C. Blue, http://www.c-blue.de/
| for TomeNET version v4.4.4a - official websites are:
| http://www.tomenet.net/ (main site),
| http://koti.mbnet.fi/mikaelh/tomenet/ and http://www.c-blue.de/rogue.html
+---
| Welcome to this guide!
| Although I'm trying, I give no guarantee that this guide
| a) contains really every detail/issue about TomeNET and
| b) is all the time 100% accurate on every occasion.
| Don't blame me if something differs or is missing; it shouldn't though.
| Please send in suggestions, criticism or comments to mail@c-blue.de.
| It's recommended to read this guide using a fixed-width font (Courier on
| MS Windows machines) to see proper spacing instead of warped tables.
+---
| Latest changes of the guide are viewable easily by going directly to CVS:
| http://angband.oook.cz/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/tomenet/TomeNET-Guide.txt?cvsroot=tome
| and clicking on "coloured" in a line saying "Diff to previous <version>".
\



Contents
--------
(0) Quickstart (If you don't like to read much :)
    (0.1)   Start & play
    (0.2)   Command reference & key sets
    (0.3)   Important inscriptions
    (0.3a)  The auto-inscription feature
    (0.4)   Typical slang/abbreviations
    (0.5)   Rumours, missing features, technical warnings (READ!)
(1) Introduction
    (1.1)   What is TomeNET? (Where can I get the latest sources?)
    (1.2)   What is a rogue-like game?
    (1.3)   Where do I find more information about rogue-like games?
    (1.4)   Goal and progress of TomeNET players
    (1.5)   Morgoth and his Nazgul
    (1.6)   How to encounter the final boss: Morgoth, Lord of Darkness
(2) Installation & setup
    (2.1)   Installing TomeNET
    (2.2)   Starting TomeNET and getting to play on an internet server
    (2.3)   Client options
(3) Creating a character & starting to play
    (3.1)   Creating a new character; character modes
    (3.2)   The display (user-interface)
    (3.2a)  The encumberment bar
    (3.3)   Behaviour, chat messages and chat modes
    (3.4)   Start-up equipment & how to use it
    (3.5)   Preparing the first time for fighting enemies
    (3.6)   Creating basic macros & inscribing items (IMPORTANT)
    (3.7)   Creating macros for ranged attacks & abilities (spells)
    (3.7a)  Ability codes [contained within (3.7)]
    (3.7b)  Quick'n'dirty macros
    (3.8)   Example macro sets
    (3.9)   Macros with special keys
    (3.9a)  Creating a chat macro for your party
    (3.9b)  Alternative macros: Calling objects by their name
    (3.10)  Experience, level-ups and skill points
    (3.11)  Death, ghosts and looting
(4) The world
    (4.1)   Running, picking up items, fighting
    (4.2)   Level and owner of items
    (4.3)   Dungeon and tower types, Ironman, Jail
    (4.4)   Terrain
    (4.5)   Towns, shops, the dungeons
    (4.6)   Pits and vaults
    (4.7)   Traps & Trap sets
    (4.8)   Level & vault feelings
    (4.9)   Navigating on maps
    (4.10)  Houses
    (4.11)  Malicious effects players can suffer
    (4.12)  Malicious effects monsters can suffer
    (4.13)  Quests and Global Events
(5) Item and monster details
    (5.1)   Melee weapons, brands
    (5.2)   Ranged weapons, brands
    (5.2a)  Fire-till-kill mode
    (5.3)   Slaying vs brands
    (5.4)   Martial Arts, brands
    (5.5)   Weight of weapons and armour
    (5.6)   Resistances & caps, Immunities, Susceptibilities
    (5.7)   Qualitative classification of items, identifying & selling items
    (5.8)   Special abilities of items
    (5.9)   What does item xxx do exactly?
    (5.10)  Destruction of items by elemental attacks
    (5.11)  Armour Class vs monster attacks, damage caps
    (5.12)  Monster attack types and brands
    (5.13)  Earthquakes
    (5.14)  Curses
    (5.15)  Vampirism
    (5.16)  Invisibility
    (5.17)  How abilities, resistances and boni stack
    (5.18)  Monster auras
    (5.19)  Experience-draining items
    (5.20)  Runes & Runemastery
(6) Character details
    (6.1)   Attributes
    (6.2)   Skills, opposed skills
    (6.3)   Abilities
    (6.4)   Races
    (6.5)   Classes/Professions, titles, melee blows/round
    (6.5a)  Start-up Blows/Round Table
    (6.6)   Sanity
    (6.7)   Mimic details, polymorph rings
    (6.7a)  Druid form details
    (6.8)   Magic spells and prayers
    (6.9)   Parties, Iron Teams, Guilds
    (6.10)  Magic Device skill/ability details
    (6.11)  Parrying and blocking
    (6.12)  Fighting/shooting techniques
    (6.13)  PvP mode
(7) Tactics & strategy
    (7.1)   Preparing the inventory for diving into the dungeon
    (7.2)   Preparing the equipment for diving into the dungeon
    (7.3)   Surviving critical situations
    (7.4)   Spoiler files
    (7.5)   Skill point distribution
(8) Miscellanous
    (8.1)   'The Art Not To Die'
    (8.2)   Character dumps
    (8.3)   Golem creation
    (8.4)   Artifact creation
    (8.5)   Troubleshooting
(9) End of this guide



(0) Quickstart
==============

(0.1) Start & play
------------------
If you are using Linux, you will find additional information about how to
compile the game under '(2.1) Installing TomeNET'.

-Get the latest client from the project's main official site www.tomenet.net
 or from  http://koti.mbnet.fi/mikaelh/tomenet/getting-started.php (Mikael's
 site, which features a monster-search, and this nice introduction in pictures)
 and www.c-blue.de/rogue.html (my own site).
 The game client is named something like 'tomenet-???-client.zip', extract it
 to C:\TomeNET for example.
-Either run 'TomeNET-main.bat' to directly connect to official main server
 (recommended), or run TomeNET.exe and choose a server (Enter 85.118.45.235
 to connect to the official main server).
 NOTE: The official main server may appear in the server list as
 "totem.ielf.org" instead of "tomenet.servegame.com". Don't worry about this.

 -Create a character, Half-Troll warrior is good for beginners.
 The server should now allow you to manually choose your stats.
 In case you chose a (Half-Troll) warrior, try this:
  STR 18/30, CON as high as possible, INT as low as possible,
  spare points into DEX, WIS or CHR.
 If you decided to play a paladin make sure you have at least DEX 10.
  In case you can't reach STR 18/30, go for STR 18/20 instead, which should
  give you 2 attacks with a war hammer, your starting weapon. Then increase
  CON and WIS as high as possible, INT as low as possible, spare points (you
  shouldn't have any ;) into CHR. (Paladins use WIS for casting spells.)
  If for some reason you can't even reach STR 18/20, at least go for STR 18/10,
  again DEX not below 10, then right after spawning in town discard the war
  hammer you start with and instead go buy a whip from store '3' (weapon store)
  or '4' (temple). This should give you a solid 2 attacks per round.
 If you decided to create a rogue, ensure that you have at least a STR of 15,
  and a pretty high DEX (the rogue's main stat) of 18/10. This will give you
  3 attacks per round when dual-wielding your light starter weapons.
  Rest goes into CON or INT (rogue's main stat for spell-casting).
 If you made a druid, put couple of points into all, DEX, STR and CON, and keep
  your WIS relatively high since it's important for druidic spell-casting.
 Explanation:
   CON affects your hit points, more CON -> more HP.
   STR (and DEX) determine your number of attacks per round. 18/30 in STR is
   enough to get 3 attacks per round with very light weapons, regardless of
   how you modify your DEX. To get the 3 blows per round (bpr) you'll need to
   sell your heavy sword and buy a light weapon (3.0 lbs or less) like dagger
   or whip. That is more efficient than 1 or 2 bpr with your original sword!
   Later on when your character becomes more powerful you can switch back to
   heavier weaponry.
   Warriors don't really need INT so you should reduce it to spend the points
   on other attributes. WIS isn't really needed either, but it can be useful
   to endure sanity-reducing effects.
 (If you are new to the game, it is NOT recommended to choose one of these:
 Istar, Priest, Shaman, Adventurer.
 Details about how STR and DEX affect startup blows/round are given in (6.5a).)
-Make sure you DO NOT chose 'PvP' mode. It's a restricted special thing that
 has nothing to do with the normal gameplay at all! (See (6.13) for info).
-It's strongly recommended to not choose 'fruit bat' body either :).

 Now you're in the game and should see the town of Bree.

 -To chat, press the colon key ':' . Don't hesitate to ask other players
 if you have any problems with getting started.
 (For details about chat features see (3.3).)
-To run, press SHIFT + <direction key> where direction keys are on
 the number pad 7,8,9, 4,6, 1,2,3. Running often requires that
 Numlock is turned off (press the 'Num' key above your number key pad on the
 right side of your keyboard, so the green light is off).
 If SHIFT+<direction> doesn't work on your system, you can press the dot '.'
 followed by a direction key. (If you use rogue-like keys, see section (0.2)!)
-You can wear/wield your armour/weapons by pressing 'w' and choosing them
 from your inventory which is displayed in the bottom right window.
-You can pick up items if you stand on them and press 'g'.
-You can drop items with 'd' or destroy items with 'k'.
-You can enter stairs down/upwards by standing on them and pressing the
 corresponding key '<' or '>'.
-You can press '?' to get an in-game help about keys and commands.

-Nearby the town there's often a 'training tower' which is a good place
 to start because if you die there nothing will happen except a slight
 loss of experience. Ask people where the '<' (tower entrance) is found.
-If you die outside of the training tower you will usually turn into a ghost.
 This ghost cant wear any items, so it's a good idea to care about being
 revived. To get revived, either visit the temple in town (it's a green '4')
 or ask another player to read a 'Scroll of Life' while standing next to you.
 While you're a ghost you can freely float up/down by pressing '<' and '>'.
-If you have any journals like 'Guide to Middle Earth' or 'The Gazette' in
 your inventory (bottom right window) you should read those by pressing 'r' to
 read.
-If your character gains a new level it also gains skill points. To distribute
 those, invoke the skill screen with 'G'. (See 3.10, 6.2 and 7.5.)
-If you don't like your character and want to delete it, you may commit
 suicide by pressing SHIFT+q or CTRL+c and double-confirming the following
 questions with 'y' and '@'.
-To drop items, privately chat with other players, or advance beyond a certain
 level you will need to ask an admin to 'validate' your account. To do so,
 send an email to the admin mentioning your account name, or ask an admin when
 he is online (Admin's names are displayed in dark blue in the chat).
 The e-mail address is usually mentioned in the server's intro screen or just
 ask fellow players for it.
-Press '@' key to see a list of players who're currently online. Note that a
 yellow '(I)' before a name stands for 'invalid', and means that this player
 is still awaiting account validation by an admin.
 Also, if a grey '(O)' is in front of a player name, it means that player is
 using an outdated client. It's very important to keep your client up to date!

It is recommended that you continue reading at (3.2) now ;)



(0.2) Command reference & key sets
----------------------------------
Can be different depending on OS / configuration.

Keys:
The first key is of the 'original Angband key set', the second key is of the
'rogue-like' key set. Some people prefer to use that one. You can change it
in the options menu, which you invoke with '=' key.


Walk into a direction:
    Original key set        Rogue-like key set      Rogue-like (running)
        7   8   9               y   k   u               Y   K   U
        4       6               h       l               H       L
        1   2   3               b   j   n               B   J   N

You can also use the arrow keys instead of the Numpad keys for movement.
(Pressing '5' will make your character try and pick up an item).

SHIFT+<direction key>
        runs into that direction. Numlock must probably be turned off,
        depending on your system. (Numlock is the key labeled 'Num' above the
        number key pad on the right side of your keyboard. A green lamp
        usually indicates whether it is on or off.)
        You can also run by pressing the dot '.' followed by a direction key.


i       i       display your inventory. You can then press SHIFT + inventory
                slot letter to paste that item name into chat.
e       e       display your equipment. You can then press SHIFT + equipment
                slot letter to paste that item name into chat.
I       I       inspects an item, showing its special abilities in case it
                has some. To examine an item you must either have bought it
                from a shop or *identified* it. Mages can learn *ID* spell
                "Greater Identify", some shops offer *ID* service, or you can
                use a scroll of *identify*. If the item hasn't been
                *identified* yet, you will only see basic information.
                See (5.7) for more information about ID, *ID* and shops!
                If you examine weapons, it always tells you the weapon class
                (sword/blunt/axe/polearm) as well as if it's 1-, 2- or
                1,5-handed.
w       w       wear/wield an item from your inventory (weapons, armour,
                ammunition, tools, rings, amulets, etc).
W       W       wear/wield an item, same as 'w', but tries to use the second
                available slot in case two inventory slots are both egligible.
t       T       take off items.
q       q       quaff a potion.
r       r       read a scroll.
E       E       eat. (Thunderlords, also known as Dragonriders, can eat
                firestones to gain temporary special abilities, see (5.9) .)
F       F       fuel your light source.
                Use oil for lanterns, and torches to fuel another torch.
f       t       fire ammo from your quiver.
v       v       throw an item from your inventory.
b       (P)     browse (peruse) a book.
m       m       activate a skill (ie cast a magic spell, lay a trap, use an
                ability, use a technique, polymorph into a monster form or
                back to normal, cast a monster-spell while polymorphed,
                enter a combat stance).
a       z       use (aim) a magic wand.
z       a       use (zap) a magic rod.
u       Z       use a magic staff.
g       g       pick up an item from the floor. You have to stand on the item
                to do that. You can also pick up an item by pressing '5' on
                the number pad while numlock is turned off. Gold is always
                picked up automatically.
C       C       see a character overview.
L or M  W or M  navigate on the map (use direction keys if using L).
s       s       search adjacent fields, objects or walls for hidden traps or
                doors.
S       #       enter 'search mode'. You will search your adjacent fields once
                each turn. If you stand next to a room and you want to find
                its hidden door, turn this on and run along its walls until
                you find it.
V       V       enter 'cloaking mode'. This can only be used by rogues.
                It will take a couple of turns to perfectly cloak your
                physical appearance and body warmth pattern, after which you
                will be completely invisible to monsters who use normal sight
                or infra-vision.
                Only a few monsters who are able to utilize ESP (telepathy) or
                have especially powerful detection will still notice you.
                Those are eyes, angels, Nazgul, nether guards, and unique
                monster which is both smart and powerful at once.
                Taking damage (HP/sanity/experience), attacking, casting
                spells, reading scrolls, tunneling, bashing, picking up/
                opening/closing/dropping/destroying things, using
                wands/staves/rods, activating items, or any other action that
                causes noticable noise immediately breaks cloaking!
                Auto-retaliation is disabled while cloaked, except for the
                Stormbringer (which will break the effect of course).
                Cloaking will also increase your searching, greatly increase
                your stealth, but decrease your speed. Sneakiness skill may
                very slightly reduce the decrease.
                Note: Cloaking has no effect on shoplifting; it breaks on
                entering any shop.
                Note: Although ESP is supposed to detect cloaked targets, for
                now it's still set to overrides ESP of other players for the
                sake of PvP usage, similar to invisibility.
A       A       activate an item. Usually an artifact, a dragon scale mail or
                a ring of polymorphing (shapechanging).
T or +  CTRL+T  tunnel through an obstacle or a wall.
R       R       rest. Your hit points and mana will regenerate faster while
                resting.
o       o       open something.
c       c       close something.
d       d       drop an item.
$       $       drop some gold. You can use 'k' and 'm' for thousands or
                millions, example: 3k -> drops 3000. 2m -> drops 2000000.
D       D       disarm a trap.
k       CTRL+D  destroy an item.
G       G       skills screen.
B       f       bash/force something (ie a stuck door).
l       x       look at a player/monster/object (use direction keys for
                targetting).
j               attempt to steal from players (not recommended!).
U       O       use undead powers (use this if you died and became a ghost).
                Using these will drain your experience. If you ran out of
                experience points, your ghost fades away (= you character will
                be completely erased).
CTRL+S          spike a door (using iron spikes, the door will be jammed).
p       p       Concentrate on opening your mind for telekinesis.
                You need to open your mind in order to receive items from
                other players by telekinesis. If you are not concentrating,
                they will receive an according message, telling them that
                using telekinesis on you is currently not possible.
                Hit 'p' again to stop concentrating and close your mind.
h               buy/sell a house or change house parameters. See (4.10).
P               party screen. Form/disband/modify a party with other players
                here. In a party you will share experience points if you are
                within 7 character levels to each other and on the same
                dungeon/tower level respectively the same worldmap/wilderness
                sector. See (6.9) for details!
                For winners (queens/kings/empresses/emperors) the range is 11
                levels instead of 7.

/       in general use an item (combines q,r, etc..).
~       display further information of your character.
        Point (3) here is especially helpful for mimics:
        The number shown in round brackets before each monster name is the
        number they have to enter for their 'Polymorph self into..' ability!
X       quickly swap between two equippable items. They must be inscribed
        '@w0'. (It's basically just the macro 'w0' bound to shift+x key.)
{       inscribe an item.
}       remove inscription from an item.
_       drink from a fountain. You must stand on the fountain to do this.
        Fountains can have good/bad/no effects. There is no fountain of death,
        neither one of detonations, so you won't get instakilled.
        If you see a message 'You feel less thirsty' that means the fountain
        was just plain water. A message 'You have quenched your thirst' means
        that the fountain had no effect on you, although it wasn't water.
%       edit your macros.
=       edit your preferences. (Contains many obsolete effectless entries.)
        Most important entries here are..
        User Interface Options:
            "Rogue-like commands" will change your keyboard layout to
                the original Rogue key definitions.
        Disturbance Options:
            Note that most of these aren't available in multi-player and
            will be set server-side, so players can't change them.
        Game-Play Options:
            "Set 'AFK' mode automatically" will set you afk after some
                minutes of inactivity.
            "Flicker messages in recall" will allow you to see animated
                messages in the bottom left window (message history).
        Efficiency Options:
            Mostly moved to server-side, hence obsolete.
        TomeNET Options:
            "Automatically open doors" makes your character try to open a door
                just by moving towards it.
            "Automatically disarm traps" makes your character try to disarm a
                trap just by stepping onto it.
            "Automatically tunnel walls" makes your character tunnel through a
                wall just by moving towards it.
            "Scroll the screen more frequently" helps to avoid death by
                attacks that came from off-screen. However, this option can be
                a bit irritating.
            "Always show lists in item/skill selection" will always show a
                list of possible choices if you use commands that require you
                to make a selection from a list of choices.
:       type a chat message. To whisper privately, enter <player>:<text>
        You can also enter a slash command here.
        Press TAB to cycle between different chat modes, such as party-chat.
        For details about chat features see (3.3).
        For details about slash commands, see further below in this paragraph.
        There is also a /say command for talking to players nearby, and a
        /shout command for waking up monsters! See further below.
@       displays a list of players currently on the server.
        Note that a yellow '(I)' before a name stands for 'invalid', and means
        that this player is still awaiting account validation by an admin.
        Also, if a grey '(O)' is in front of a player name, it means that
        player is using an outdated client. It's very important to keep your
        client up to date!
'       lets you peek at the equipment of party members or players within
        sight.
< or >  go upstairs/downstairs. Press '>' to use a void gate (violet '+').
        Void jump gates teleport you to their counterpart and vice versa.
CTRL+P  view previous messages.
CTRL+O  view previous chat messages.
CTRL+X  save your character & quit the game. (You should do this in town!)
(CTRL+C Displays your client-side frame rate.)
Q or CTRL+K
        lets your character commit suicide (permanently deletes it!).
        Characters who suicide won't drop items except for artifacts (if the
        server has ANTI_ARTS_HOARD enabled then no item at all will be
        dropped), nor will they keep the level static as it happens on a
        normal 'final death' (see (3.11) for details about static levels).
?       invoke an in-game help screen
CTRL+R  redraw the screen (do this if it's messed up for some reason).
 (/refresh, /ref)
CTRL+T  take a screen shot. See /screenshot command below.
TAB or CTRL+I
        Displays lag-o-meter.
!       Look at the in-game bulletin board. Players can write lines of text to
        it by using the /bbs <text> command.

There are also some commands that can be entered with ':' like a chat line.
They all start with a slash '/':

/help       get a help about slash-commands.
/afk        toggle AFK (away from keyboard) mode if you have to take a
            quick break from playing. If your character is currently on the
            blacklist of merchants (because you got caught stealing from a
            shop!) your blacklist timer won't decrease while you're AFK!
            Note that your character won't need to consume food while afk _IF_
            you are not already 'hungry' or even 'weak' from a lack of food!
            All other timed effects will continue to be processed (like
            magical effects such as haste/slowness/hallucination, pseudo-ID or
            wearing off of temporary stat drain from traps) and eventually
            wear off, _except_ for blacklist timer from being caught by a shop
            owner on attempting to steal.
/afk <msg>  You can specify a reason that will be displayed to the other
            players, so they know why you are currently AFK or when you will
            be back.
/bbs <text> Add a line of text to the in-game bulletin board system. Players
            can look at the board by pressing the '!' key.
            (You can verify or compare the date with the /time command.)
/deal       Deals a card (completely random).
/dice       Roll some dice, you must specify a number of dice from 1 to 100.
            The result is random and can be seen by other players who stand
            nearby.
/dis        DESTROYS every item in your inventory that has one of these
 (/dispose) inscriptions: terrible, cursed, uncursed, broken, worthless,
            average, good. Works only on items that actually can be destroyed.
            Skips 'flavoured' items that are not known to you yet (example:
            'a blue potion {+,?}' or 'a malachite ring {+,?}').
            Also see /tag and /untag.
/dis a      DESTROYS items like /dis, and additionally destroys all items that
            have no inscription at all.
            Also see /tag and /untag.
/dr         Wields all items in your inventory that are: not cursed,
 (/dress)   not {worthless}, not {terrible}, known to you.
/bed        Opposite of /dress.
 (/naked)
(The /empty function is currently disabled)
/empty <inventory slot>
            Empty a potion from your inventory, leaving an empty bottle.
            Example: /empty c   (if you have 'c) 3 potions of boldness', one
            will be emptied and 2 remain at 'c) 2 potions of boldness'.))
/ex or /examine or /extra
            Gives you detailed information about your character's status, such
            as turn, speed, deepest dungeon level, sanity, body shape (this is
            interesting if you are a shapechanger). Druids get additional info
            about forms they can shapechange into.
/fe         Repeat the level feeling. See (4.8) for more information.
 (/feeling)
/fill       fill an 'Empty Bottle' in your inventory with the water from a
            fountain. You must stand on the fountain to do this.
/geinfo     Displays information about all ongoing (global) events.
/geinfo <#> Displays information about the specific event number #.
            Note: If you log out, your sign-up is cancelled automatically.
/gesign <#> Signs you up for the global event number #.
            Depending on the event, you might need to specify additional
            parameters after the number. If that is the case, you'll see
            a message telling you so, and speficying details what's missing.
            Note: If you log out, your sign-up is cancelled automatically.
/hou        Displays your houses, same as ~6.
 (/house)
/ig <player name>
 (/ignore)  ignores all chat messages from the specified player. (Toggle)
            Also silences all paging attempts from that player.
/ic         ignore all normal chat messages which are neither private messages
 (/ignchat) nor party messages. ('Private mode' will be displayed after the
            player's name in the player overview screen which can be invoked
            by pressing '@', indicating that this player currently cannot read
            normal chat messages.)
/lite a..w  Refills your light source with an item from your inventory.
            Usually it's easier to just press 'F' instead.
/mar        Tells a prayer-user if he may use the prayer 'Martyrdom'.
 (/martyr)
/me         Write an emote. Example: /me hides.
/mon <monster character>
            Same as going to ~ menu and selecting 'Monsters':
            Will show your kill count of all matching monsters.
            Example: /mon D  ->  shows your greater dragons kill count.
/motd       Shows the current server notes that are displayed at login.
 (/snotes)
/note <account name>:<text>
            Leave a note to another player. Note: You have to specify his
            ACCOUNT NAME, not a character name. That way, no matter which of
            his characters he chooses to logon, he always gets the note.
/news       Shows the login screen, same as ~f, but in monochrome.
/note <account name>
            Delete all pending notes that were addressed to that player.
/notes      Display all pending notes that you wrote to other players.
/notep <text>
            Leave a note to the party you own.
/noteg <text>
            Leave a note to the guild you own.
/obj        Displays all objects known to you, same as ~4.
 (/object)
/page <player-name>     Sends beeps to that player to help you getting his
                        attention. (Using /ignore on a player will also
                        prevent getting paged by him.)
                        If you're on Linux and not hearing the page sounds,
                        see problem 19 in the troubleshooting section (8.5).
/play       Join/leave a mini-game (such as rugby on the field in Bree).
/que        gives a quest! It needs to be fulfilled before a certain period
 (/quest)   of time passes. The player who completes it gets a great item
            as reward. It will appear in your inventory and carry an
            inscription indicating it's the quest reward.
/rec -550   recalls you to -550ft, using an item inscribed {@R}.
/rec 32 32  recalls you to Bree (Town at 32,32 world map coordinates),
 (/recall)  using an item inscribed {@R}. See "(0.3) Important Inscriptions"
            for more info about Word of Recall.
/ref        redraw the screen (do this if it's messed up for some reason).
 (/refresh, or simply hit CTRL+R)
/bug        report a bug to the admin(s).
/rfe        Store a message/suggestion for the admin(s).
/whisper <text>
            Speaks <text> in a low voice, so only players standing directly
            next to you can hear it.
/say <text>
            Speaks <text> to players who are currently nearby your position,
            instead of sending your message to everyone on the server.
/whisper <text>
            Whispers <text> to players currently standing right next to you.
            Others won't be able to hear it.
/cough      You cough noisily. Will disturb the sleep of monsters or at least
            make it less deep..
/shout <text>
            Shout <text> loudly, will wake up monsters.
/scream <text>
            Same as /shout, but also aggravates monsters in your current
            line of sight. (Same effect as scroll of aggravate monsters,
            see (5.9)).
/cough      You let out a cough that might disturb the sleep of nearby
            monsters, or at least make it a less deep sleep..
/shot  or  /shot <filename>
 (/screenshot)
            Takes a screen shot to a html file. If <filename> is omitted, it
            writes to 'screenshot?????.xhtml' by default, where ????? are
            increasing numbers. You may also use CTRL+T.
            You can view those xhtml files in most webbrowsers.
/sip        drink from a fountain. You must stand on the fountain to do this.
            Fountains can have good/bad/no effects. There is no fountain of
            death, neither one of detonations, so you won't get instakilled.
            (It's easier to press '_' instead of using the /sip command.
            Also see '_' above, for additional information.)
/tag [a..w] Tags all uninscribed items in your backpack by adding a '!k'
            inscription. Helpful for looting in conjunction with /dis command.
            If a slot (a..w) is specified, it only tags the item in that
            particular inventory slot (if not yet inscribed already).
	    Will not affect equipped items.
/tar <x> <y>
 (/target)
            Allows you to target a specific grid specified by X,Y as offset
            to your current character position.
/untag [<inscription>]
            If <inscription is omitted, it removes all inscriptions from items
            in your backpack which are exactly '!k' (as done by /tag command).
            Ohterwise it removes inscriptions of all items which are exactly
            inscribed as specified by <inscription>.
			Will not affect equipped items (except for '/untag *').
/untag *    Will remove all pseudo-id tags from your inventory items.
            Note: This will work on equipped items too!
/at         Apply auto-inscription settings to current inventory.
 (/autotag)
/version    Displays the server version.
/time       Tells you the current date and time (of the server, not of your
            local timezone).
/undoskills Allows you to undo the skill points you assigned in 'G' menu last
            time. Use this to correct points you accidentally put into a wrong
            skill.
            Note: Logging off or gaining another level will reset undoskills,
            making it impossible to undo points spent previously.
/pvp        Carries you into/out of the PvP arena. Only usable by pvp-mode
            chars. See (6.13) for details about PvP mode.



(0.3) Important inscriptions
----------------------------
All items:
    Inscribing an item with an '!' followed by a key will cause that key to
    cease working on the item anymore. You may also specify several keys.
    A space or other non-related character will end the '!-sequence'.
    Example: You inscribe a 'Scroll of Artifact Creation' this way:  !kd
    Now you cannot destroy or drop the scroll anymore (keys to destroy and
    to drop an item are 'k' respectively 'd').
    You can inscribe an item by pressing '{' and uninscribe it with '}'.

The !* inscription:
    '*' is a 'wild card' which means it stands for multiple choices at once.
    Inscribing an item '!*' will prevent any of these action on it:
!d  prevent dropping an item
!k  prevent killing (destroy) an item
!v  prevent throwing an item
!t  prevent taking an item off
(!h prevent selling a house key. Keys usually aren't used anymore though.)
!s  prevent selling an item to shop (!s).
    For example, if you wear an artifact and you want to avoid (d)ropping it,
    (t)aking it off or (v) throwing it away accidentally you could either
    inscribe it  !dtv  or just  !*  . ('!*'  also implies  '!='.)

A very useful inscription for (heavily) cursed items:
!w  prevent wielding/wearing an item. This is very useful if you carry a
    cursed item in your inventory that you really don't want to equip by
	accident.

Useful for characters who wield a boomerang not for throwing it, but rather
because it provides magical boni:
!f  prevent firing an item (ie your equipped ranged weapon).

If you use a sling, bow or crossbow and rather worthless ammo that you don't
intend to pick up again, you may inscribe the ammo to make it disappear:
!g  makes ammo always break and never drop to the floor.

Other !-inscriptions:
!T  prevent taking off a secondary item.
!F  prevent filling a light source with this item. (Ok, not really important.)
!E  prevent eating this item. Note: !E can also turn off earthquakes if used
    on items which cause those (see below), so it has two meanings.
!q  prevent quaffing this potion.
!r  prevent reading this scroll.
!u,!a, !z  prevent using a staff/aim a wand/zap a rod.
!A  prevent activating this item.

The # inscription:
    This one makes all following inscription be appended directly behind the
    actual item name, instead of at the end of the item's full description.
    It can be especially convenient if the item has a very long name.
    Sometimes you can also use this to confuse your fellow players :-p

Items that induce random teleportation, like a 'ring of teleportation' or
'weapon of the thunderlords':
    If the item is _not cursed_ then you may inscribe it with two dots '..' to
    prevent it from teleporting you! In order for the inscription to take
    effect in case you already have it equipped you will need to take it off
    and wield it again.
    The two dots can appear anywhere in the inscription, as long as they are
    not separated from each other. Example:
    A Long Sword Of The Thunderlords (2d5) (+10,+15) {NxFAReg..}

Items that 'can cause Earthquakes':
    !E          will make the item stop causing earthquakes randomly on
                striking. (See (5.13) for more information.)

Word-of-Recall scrolls:
    @R500       will teleport you to depth 500ft (tower).
    @R-350      will teleport you to depth -350ft (dungeon).
    @RW32,32    will teleport you to sector 32,32 on the worldmap (Bree).
                World map ranges from 0,0 to 63,63.
    You must've already been at that depth or deeper in order to teleport
    there via WoR!
    IMPORTANT: In order to recall to a place on the world map, you need to
    have been there before, NOT while you were dead (ghost), but while you
    were alive! So don't try to travel to Gondolin as a ghost, the priest
    over there will reject you and you won't remember the place when you
    return and revive in Bree.


Weapons:
    @Ox         Don't auto-retaliate with it. (The letter 'O', not the number)
                It's recommended for spell-casters who just wear a weapon to
                profit from its magical abilities to always inscribe it @Ox
                so it won't accidentally get destroyed when fighting a Nazgul
                and the auto-retaliator won't take over.

Ranged weapons:
    @O          Auto-retaliate with it (shooting ammo). ('O' is the letter)
                (Note: @O can either be on your ammunition or on the bow.)

Spellbooks:
    @Oc         You will auto-retaliate by casting the spell 'c)' from this
                book (or any other spell, change the inscription accordingly).
                IMPORTANT: If you cannot cast spells from the book or you
                inscribe an unsuitable item, auto-retaliation will be disabled
                completely!
                (If 'c' is omittted, the first spell will be chosen.)

Ammunition:
    !=          will make your character auto-pickup the ammo from the floor.
    !M          makes ammunition stacks of same base type and same ego power
                stack even if +hit or +dam enchantments are not equal. Those
                will be averaged and rounded downwards. (Doesn't work for
                cursed or artifact ammo.) Wield the !M stack first, then also
                wield the stack you want to merge with the equipped ammo.
    !L          inscribe stacks of ammo in your inventory !L to make them be
                automatically reloaded into your quiver as soon as the ammo
                you're currently using runs out.

Weapons that ricochet (sling ammo):
    !R          Prevents ricochetting.

Scrolls of Identify, Rods/Staves of Perception:
    !X          If you pick up an unidentified item, you will automatically
                read a scroll to identify it.

An item that can be activated:
    @A1         pressing the keys 'A' and then '1' will activate that item.

A potion:
    @q3         pressing 'q' then '3' will quaff that potion.

A magic scroll:
    @r0         pressing the keys 'r' and '0' will read that scroll.

etc.. you get the idea. :)

You can also inscribe items just to remember their abilities. For example
if you find an armour that is an artifact, and you found out it resists
fire and acid, you might inscribe it {ResFire,ResAcid} so that you will
remember what it does just by looking at it and reading the inscription.
It can make your life easier if you wear lots of items that have different
resistances or abilities.


(0.3a) The auto-inscription feature
-----------------------------------
Since it can be annoying to keep inscribing newly bought items again and again,
there is an auto-inscription feature which you can access with '&' key.
Remotely similar to the macro menu, a list of auto-inscriptions appears (which
by default is empty).

Press 'e' to edit the first auto-inscription. A cursor will appear, allowing
you to input a partial item name. For example type in 'of Healing' (without the
quotes). Hit ENTER key to confirm. Now the cursor will allow you to enter an
inscription, a little bit further to the right on the screen. For example type
in '@q1' (again without the quotes) and confirm with ENTER key again.

Now you have just set up an auto-inscription that will automatically inscribe
'@q1' whenever any item is added to your inventory which has a name containing
'of Healing', ie 'Potions of Healing'.

Note that auto-inscriptions are case-sensitive, and only the first one in the
list that actually matches an item is applied to it.

You can use '?' as wildcard in the search string. For example if you want to
distinguish between Rod(s) of Healing and Potion(s) of Healing, you can use
'Rod?Healing' and 'Potion?Healing' respectively.
('?' stands for any number (including zero) of any characters.)

If you put a '!' as first character of a search string, it will force the
inscription to overwrite existing inscriptions in any case (usually it only
overwrites trivial inscriptions such as price discount tags).

Auto-inscription files can be saved and will be loaded automatically in the
same manner as macro files, if the filename matches your race, class, account
or character name.
If multiple matching files are found, the game will attempt to merge them
accordingly.



(0.4) Typical slang/abbreviations
---------------------------------
Art         Artifact. Those can be 'Static arfifacts' from the a_info.txt
            file, also called 'True Arts'. Or they may be 'Randomly generated
            artifacts' also called 'Randarts'.
            (See (7.4) for more info about spoiler files.)
            Winners who beat Morgoth, Lord of Darkness will usually not
            be able to use static artifacts, but rely on randarts instead.
            Depending on the server settings, fallen winners might also not be
            able to use static arts.
Auto-ID     A special ability of some items. If you equip an item that grants
            you 'Auto-ID' all items you touch will automatically be
            identified! Items who grant their wielder Auto-Identification are
            highly sought after. Randart helmets or gloves sometimes have it.
BM          Black Market (Store '7').
Cheeze      Questionable action, not quite cheating but close to it.
            This can be transferring items to a store character (mule)
            or exploiting weaknesses in the game design instead of
            reporting them to the forum.
Dive        A trip into the dungeon, usually quite deep compared to the
            diver's character level.
DSM         Dragon Scale Mail. Legendary pieces of armour.
Excellents  Items that pseudo-identified as 'excellent'.
EA          Extra Attacks. Rings, gloves or weapons which increase your number
            of blows per round with melee weapons. Quite expensive.
FA          Free Action (immunity to paralysis).
FF          Feather falling (Levitation).
Gorth       Room in the dungeon, divided into 4 chambers. Similar to a pit.
            (See 4.6)
GV          Greater Vault. (See 4.6)
GCV         Greater Checkerboard Vault (looks remotely like a checkerboard).
ID, *ID*    Identify and *Identify* magic respectively, which is used to
            reveal magic properties of unknown items. Scrolls of ID can be
            bought in store 5.
Iron Team   A special type of party which can only be formed with newly
            created characters. Its members only gain experience if all
            members are online and on the same dungeon level.
klevel, olevel
            Somewhat more technical terms, these stand for the exact type of
            item level that is meant in a certain context:
            k-level is the 'object kind level', which is given in k_info.txt.
            This is the object's base level and describes from which minimum
            dungeon floor level or minimum monster level you can expect to
            start getting that item type.
            The o-level is the 'real' object level that you'll see on an item
            you pick up. This can vary from the klev, depending on the dungeon
            floor depth and monster level you got the item from.
            Example: According to k_info.txt an Amulet of the Serpents has a
            klev of 25, so you can expect to start seeing this drop on dungeon
            level 25 (1250ft) or from level 25 monsters respectively. However,
            when you find such an amulet on say a dungeon floor at 4000ft,
            which equals dungeon level 80, an actual amulet you find might have
            a level requirement (olev) of 30.
            (Note: This is similar to mlevel vs rlevel for monsters.)
Loot        Items that have been dropped by dead monsters or players and
            are waiting to be picked up by someone. :)
LV          Lesser Vault. (See 4.6)
mlevel, rlevel
            Somewhat more technical terms, these stand for the exact type of
            monster level that is meant in a certain context:
            m-level is the 'real' monster level that you'll also see when you
            have your character look at it. This level may actually be boosted
            and therefore be higher than you'd expect. This happens when you
            meet the monster on a floor that is far deeper than the level the
            monster usually starts to occur on.
            r-level is the base monster level, which is given for each monster
            in r_info.txt. It describes the minimum floor level a monster is
            usually found on (although 'out-of-depth' occurances may be
            possible).
            Example: According to r_infot.txt, Ancient Red Dragons have a base
            level of 41. That means you'll usually start seeing them on dungeon
            floors of level 41 (2050 ft) and deeper, although there's always a
            slim chance that you meet a monster earlier than its base level
            (called OoD encounter). Now that means that Ancient Red Dragons
            have an r-level of 41. However, if you meet an Ancient Red Dragon
            on a much deeper dungeon floor, say 2400 ft, which would be the
            equivalent to level 48, when you look at the dragon you'll see it
            says level 42 instead of the expected 41. This means the dragon's
            level was actually slightly boosted because the dungeon floor's
            level was that much higher than the dragon's. So while the rlev
            of this dragon is still 41, his real level, the mlev, is 42.
            Some formulas used by the game use mlev, some use rlev.
            (Note: This is similar to klevel vs olevel for items.)
Morgy       Morgoth, Lord of Darkness. Final boss enemy in TomeNET.
            See (1.5) for details.
olevel      see klevel.
OoD         Out-of-depth. Means a monster or an item encounter that happened at
            a surprisingly shallow level, opposed to the base level for that
            monster (given in r_info.txt) or item (given in k_info.txt) where
            you would usually start expecting to find it.
            Vaults often containing OoD monsters and items, increasing threat
            and reward for the brave.
Party       A group of players who fight together and share experience.
            In a party you will share experience points if you are within 7
            character levels to each other and on the same dungeon/tower level
            respectively the same worldmap/wilderness sector.
Phase Door  A short-range teleportation.
Pseudo-ID   If a player keeps an unidentified item for a longer time he might
            'feel' if the item is average, good, cursed or special. The item
            will automatically receive a 'pseudo-id inscription' then.
            Pseudo-id intensity and speed depend on the 'Combat' skill.
PvP         Player vs player. Describes the act of player characters fighting
            each other. If you want to fight other players to death, create a
            new 'pvp-mode' character. It's an option during the character
            creation process, much like 'everlasting mode' or 'normal mode'.
            For more information about pvp mode, see (6.13).
Randart     Randomly generated artifact. As opposed to 'Truearts' which are
            also called 'Static arts' from the file a_info.txt. See 'Art'
            at the top of this section for more information.
Res         Resistance.
rlevel      see mlevel.
Scumming    Repeatedly using staircases up/downwards to make a level become
            recreated. Usually in hope of finding a specific monster on that
            depth. ('I scum 450..500 ft for Wormy'.)
SI          See invisible.
Specials    Items that pseudo-identify as 'special'. These are true arts or
            randarts.
Static      A level that is static will not change if you leave it but stay
            the same, permanently until it is unstaticed.
            All levels remain static for a short period of time after the
            last player leaves them to prevent scumming.
            Also, levels remain static if a player ghost-died (meaning he died
            ultimatively without possibility of resurrection) for a longer
            while depending on the dungeon level, see (3.11) for details about
            static-by-death levels.
Static Art  See 'Art' at the top of this section.
True Art    See 'Art' at the top of this section.
Unique      A monster that is named and exists only once (although it can
            respawn for another player who hasn't defeated it yet, each player
            will receive loot only once from it).
            Uniques often have large escorts.
            Unique monsters will randomly respawn for winners, ie Kings,
            Queens, Emperors and Empresses. That means: The game will "forget"
            that you already defeated them, allowing you to defeat them once
            more. There are some exceptions though, the following monsters
            will never respawn: The Nazguls, Sauron, Michael, Morgoth, and all
            super-uniques that come after Morgoth, starting with Tik'srvzllat.
WoR         Word-of-Recall (teleports you into the dungeon and back or on the
            world map). See "(0.3) Important inscriptions" for more info.
Wormy       Wormtongue, Agent of Saruman. He drops great items.



(0.5) Rumours, missing features, technical warnings (READ!)
-----------------------------------------------------------
-Usually characters expire (that means they are automatically deleted!)
 after 180 days of inactivity.
-Items on the ground (especially in towns) often disappear automatically after
 a while. So don't use the town or the wilderniss to 'store' loot.
 If you don't own any houses, you can use public houses that are accessible to
 everyone. Risk is of course that someone takes your items.
-If you press CTRL+X to save&exit the game, you should do that in a safe town.
 Dungeons might change while you are logged off, and the next time you log on
 you might find yourself stuck inside a wall, where the previous dungeon had a
 wide room.
 Another problem is that if you don't leave in a town, your character will
 stay for another 20 seconds in the game before it finally disappears from the
 dungeon! If monsters were around, you might get killed easily during those
 20 seconds.
-The items you find don't depend on your race or class but on monster level
 and depth and luck.
-Don't drop artifacts inside houses if the server doesn't allow artifacts to
 be dropped inside player houses, or you will simply lose the artifact!
-Items on the floor within a house don't form piles! If you drop too many
 items and space in the house runs out the dropped item may just disappear!
-The massive iron crown of Morgoth must not be worn by non-Kings/Queens!
-Undead powers (for players' ghosts) are not available at the moment.
-Some shops' features have not yet been implemented.
-Stealing from monsters is not possible.
-'LEVELS' and 'ULTIMATE' flag on unique items currently don't do anything.



(1) Introduction
================

(1.1) What is TomeNET? (Where can I get the latest sources?)
------------------------------------------------------------
It's an extremely advanced online multiplayer rogue-like role-playing game,
derived from MAngband (Multiplayer-Angband). TomeNET bases on the stories of
J.R.R. Tolkien mainly "The Lord Of The Rings", hence the name "the Troubles of
Middle Earth" or alternatively "the Tales of Middle Earth". The final goal in
TomeNET is to destroy the fallen god Melkor who is known by the name of
Morgoth, Lord of Darkness. The official websites are mentioned in the first
couple of lines of this guide.

If you want to download the source code, you can get it via CVS, avoid any
snapshot tarballs and stuff. The repository is at http://angband.oook.cz/.
The cvs command-line to completely download the latest sources and files for
TomeNET is:

cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@t-o-m-e.net:/var/cvs/tome co tomenet

You can browse the CVS with a normal web browser easily!
Here's a shortcut to save you time of searching angband.oook.cz, since
navigating to CVS is somewhat confusing ;) (might change if angband.oook.cz
changes the site layout) :
http://angband.oook.cz/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/tomenet/?cvsroot=tome



(1.2) What is a rogue-like game?
--------------------------------
Rogue was a game basing only on alpha-numerical characters, like letters and
numbers. It didn't have any graphics. Thus it could run on basically every
simple computer. However it was not a text-adventure. Its game engine provides
a grid for turn-by-turn movement and combat that the user looks at from high
above. Here is a small "screenshot":
...............
...########....
...#$.....#....
...#..@...'....
...#......#....
...########.p..
...............
The @ is usually the player, the dots are empty fields. The # are walls. Here
the player seems to be inside a building. In the upper-left corner some money
is deposited. The ' is an open door. Outside of the building there is a p,
which is usually some townsfolk. They are not always friendly and some tend to
steal! Rogue was the first game of this kind, hence all games working with
similar graphics and game engine are called rogue-likes.
Other well-known rogue-likes are Nethack, Larn, Moria, Angband.



(1.3) Where do I find more information about rogue-like games?
--------------------------------------------------------------
Links:
    http://www.thangorodrim.net/
    http://yarns.felis7.civ.pl/
Newsgroups:
    rec.games.roguelike.*
IRC:
    - Channel #tomenet on server irc.worldirc.org (port 6667) for
      TomeNET discussion. Development team often meets there.
    - Channel #angband for general rogue-like discussion.
    (For help on Internet Relay Chat visit www.irchelp.org )



(1.4) Goal and progress of TomeNET players
------------------------------------------
The final goal that a brave adventurer could possible seek in TomeNET is to
become King respectively Queen. To acquire this he or she must destroy the
fallen god Melkor who is known by the name of Morgoth, Lord of Darkness.

Morgoth is said to reside deep within the dungeons at around 5000 feet down in
the earth. Getting there will be an extraordinary journey bearing unbelievable
dangers but also fantastic treasure. Players on the same server can also play
together by forming parties and sharing their experience! Players will acquire
new ranks as their experience grows, allowing them to learn new abilities and
to become stronger. Morgoth is said not to show up until his servant Sauron,
the sorceror has been killed. (See 1.5 for more information about Morgoth.)

Players who defeat Morgoth, become 'winners' and get the title of King and
Queen respectively, or Emperor/Empress if their character is of unworldly or
hellish mode.
When you win the game, an automatic chardump is generated in /lib/user called
'<charname>-victory.txt' (see 8.2) which you can view with any text editor.
Also, a screenshot is made automatically, displaying your situation, saved
to '<charname>-victory-screenshot.xhtml'.
(You can view xhtml files in most webbrowsers.)



(1.5) Morgoth and his Nazgul
----------------------------
Morgoth, Lord of Darkness commands nine Ring Wraiths, called 'Nazgul'.
These corrupted souls of former ring-wearers are named..
Uvatha the Horseman, Adunaphel the Quiet, Akhorahil the Blind,
Ren the Unclean, Ji Indur Dawndeath, Dwar Dog Lord of Waw, Hoarmurath of Dir,
Khamul the Black Easterling and The Witch-King of Angmar.
Morgoth has the ability to summon these, so you should destroy them all
before facing him.

Morgoth is also able to summon all other unique beings, so one of your tasks
to prevail against him will be to kill off as many of the powerful unique foes
as you can before facing him.

Morgoth, the god of destruction, has reinforced his surroundings to be
especially devastating to all living beings:
If you get killed on a level where Morgoth, Lord of Darkness walks, your
ghost will be destroyed too, even if you are everlasting! Beware!

A very dangerous thing about Nazgul is that weapons get quickly destroyed if
they come in contact with these corrupted beings.
If you are a spell-caster who doesn't use his weapon to fight but just to
profit from its magical abilities then it's strongly recommended to inscribe
the weapon @Ox to avoid auto-retaliation, see (0.3) about inscriptions and
(4.1) about auto-retaliation.
If you rely on melee weapons you must try to get your hands on an artifact
since these resist Nazgul greatly! The Stormbringer also resists like an
artifact. (It doesn't matter if the artifact is a random or a static one.)
If your weapon gets destroyed you'll receive a warning message:
"Your weapon *DISINTEGRATES*!" or "Your weapon is destroyed !"
(The permanently cursed weapon 'Mighty Hammer of Grond' cannot be destroyed.)

Your weapon itself will not damage the Nazgul if it doesn't have one of the
mods SLAY_EVIL, SLAY_UNDEAD or KILL_UNDEAD. However, you might still be able
to damage the Nazgul, if your raw to-dam bonus is high enough. Enchantments
from rings or other items and the damage bonus from your skills will be the
only factors which decide the damage you deal, in that case.
For weapons which damage dice and to-dam bonus will not be counted (ie non-
SLAY/KILL EVIL/UNDEAD weapons) you'll see the message:
"The Ringwraith is IMPERVIOUS to the mundane weapon."

Martial Arts users can fight relatively efficiently against Nazguls, but their
chance to receive Black Breath is higher than for weapon users.

If you come in contact with a Nazgul or a very powerful undead creature there
is a chance that you will be infected by the Black Breath. This dark aura is
able to infect other players if you come too close to them. It will drain your
stats and permanently drain your experience. Slowly, but steadily. There are
several possibilities to cure Black Breath, for example Sprigs of Athelas.



(1.6) How to encounter the final boss: Morgoth, Lord of Darkness
----------------------------------------------------------------
-Morgoth is found only at dungeon level 100 or deeper.
-He won't show up until you killed Sauron, The Sorceror (who usually appears
 at dungeon level 99).
-Morgoth and Sauron do not neccessarily spawn on each fitting dungeon level,
 sometimes you have to search for him, like for all other monsters/uniques.
-If a player who hasn't killed Sauron yet or who has already beaten Morgoth
 enters a dungeon level where Morgoth is currently on, Morgoth will instantly
 teleport to a different dungeon level.
-If there's already another player on that level who has beaten Sauron but
 hasn't acquired the title of a King or Queen yet, the 'intruder' player will
 be teleported to town instead and Morgoth will remain on the level.
-If more than one player is on his floor, he will be a bit thougher than he
 appears to a solo player, depending on the number of players facing him.
-There are no obstacles that can hold Morgoth back for long.

See (1.5) for more information about Morgoth.

There are rumours of even more powerful beings than the Lord Of Darkness.
Kings and Queens who seek new challenges shall try to enter the Nether Realm,
a dungeon with dangers beyond imagination. Only those who destroyed Morgoth
may enter. The Nether Realm can be very rewarding in terms of experience but
also very deadly. Terrible foes are said to dwell there which aren't seen in
the mundane world.



(2) Installation & setup
========================

(2.1) Installing TomeNET
------------------------
Go to http://www.tomenet.net/ (or one of our personal pages) to download the
latest client. Extract it to a new directory, preserving the pathnames.

Windows:
--------
You may edit the file "TomeNET.ini" and do some changes to your likings, like
setting up window positions (note that the game will remember window positions
changed via dragging the windows around, which is an easier way), or choosing
font size (look into lib/xtra/font directory to see available fonts).
If it's not already disabled by default, it is recommended to turn off
graphics ("GRAPHICS=0"). Further you can specify an account name and password
of your own choice. That will relieve you from entering them every time
you join a TomeNET internet server.

Linux:
------
How to compile the game binary:
Go into '/tomenet/src' where the file 'makefile' is located.
Make sure you have the C-devel, X11-devel, ncurses, ncurses-devel and crypt
libraries installed. The package names are usually:
xorg-dev, libncurses5, libncurses5-dev, libgcrypt11, libc6-dev.
Enter these two lines:
        make clean
        make tomenet
and the binary 'tomenet' will be created in this folder 'tomenet/src'.
IMPORTANT NOW: If your makefile is an older version, you need to move the
binary one level upwards, ie into '/tomenet' ! If your makefile is newer,
it might already have done that for you automatically.
Go up one level into your '/tomenet' folder. There type:
        ./tomenet
to start the game.

If you don't want 6 windows or if you want MORE (up to 8), just edit the file
'main-x11.c' and comment out/uncomment the lines starting on
        #define GRAPHICS_TERM_...
near the beginning of the file as you like, then compile the binary again.

You can use environment variables to set font sizes and window sizes for each
of the up to 8 windows separately:
TOMENET_X11_FONT_SCREEN (height and width of main window cannot be changed)
TOMENET_X11_WID_MIRROR, TOMENET_X11_HGT_MIRROR, TOMENET_X11_FONT_MIRROR
TOMENET_X11_WID_CHOICE, TOMENET_X11_HGT_CHOICE, TOMENET_X11_FONT_CHOICE
TOMENET_X11_WID_RECALL, TOMENET_X11_HGT_RECALL, TOMENET_X11_FONT_RECALL
TOMENET_X11_WID_TERM_4, TOMENET_X11_HGT_TERM_4, TOMENET_X11_FONT_TERM_4
TOMENET_X11_WID_TERM_5, TOMENET_X11_HGT_TERM_5, TOMENET_X11_FONT_TERM_5
TOMENET_X11_WID_TERM_6, TOMENET_X11_HGT_TERM_6, TOMENET_X11_FONT_TERM_6
TOMENET_X11_WID_TERM_7, TOMENET_X11_HGT_TERM_7, TOMENET_X11_FONT_TERM_7
Use the 'export' command to set them, eg:
        export TOMENET_X11_FONT_SCREEN=8x13
        export TOMENET_X11_WID_TERM_4=80
        export TOMENET_X11_HGT_TERM_4=24
It's a good idea to make a little script file for this.
Some possible font sizes are:
4x6, 5x7, 5x8, 6x9, 6x10, 6x12, 7x13, 7x14, 8x13, 9x15, 10x20, 12x24
depending on your system.
TOMENET_X11_FONT sets one font globally for all windows. It's overridden by
the window-specific font variables listed above though.

Last but not least, you may use the following command-line options:
-p<Port>        for example -p19348
-l<Name> <Pass>	for example -lGandalf geheim
<ip address>    for example 85.118.45.235
Full command-line example:
        ./tomenet -p19348 -lGandalf geheim 85.118.45.235
If your name contains spaces, it is neccessary to put a '\' in front of each.
Example:
        ./tomenet -p18348 -lIron\ Man geheimer 85.118.45.235
..if your account name is 'Iron Man'.



(2.2) Starting TomeNET and getting to play on an internet server
----------------------------------------------------------------
To start the TomeNET client, run 'TomeNET.exe' or 'TomeNET-main.bat'.
(If you run the '.bat' file, the meta-server steps will be skipped and you
will be directly connected to the official main server instead.)
Now TomeNET tries to connect to a meta-server which contains a list of all
available TomeNET internet servers.
After the meta-server has been queried, the list of available servers will
appear in the main window. Choose a server that is near to your location to
avoid high latency.
(This step is reported to sometimes cause problems on Windows OS. If you don't
see that list, or if other problems occur, see (8.5) for possible solutions.)

Now you will be prompted to enter your account name and password. You can
choose these freely, the server will save that information and use it to
remember which characters belonged to you the next time you log on.
IMPORTANT: If you get kicked out with an error message after entering account
and password, it's likely because that account name is already in use by
someone else so your password was recognized as 'incorrect' since it was most
likely different from that user's password. Just try a different account name.
A player usually has exactly one account that can hold up to 8 characters.
In most cases newly created accounts have to be "validated" by a server
administrator to enable you to use the whole functionality of TomeNET. For
example it is common not to allow unvalidated players to drop items or money
to the ground. This is done to prevent certain cases of abuse.
If you accidentally chose an account name or character name which was already
taken by another player, you will be disconnected with an error message. In
that case, try again with different names.

Now that you have logged in you can create a new player character which will
represent you in the virtual world of Middle Earth!
Player characters are identified by 3 names:
-Nickname (character's name)
-Realname (account name)
-Hostname (The hostname of the connecting computer)
The hostname is not really important. However, make sure that all of these 3
names may only consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and all other characters
with an ASCII code between 32 (SPACE) and 122 ('z').
The realname and hostname must not be empty. The nickname (character name)
needs to start with a letter ('A'..'Z' or 'a'..'z').

Newly created accounts are marked as 'not yet validated' and have certain
limitations, which are:
Cannot drop items or chat privately with other players, or advance beyond a
certain level.
You will need to ask an admin to 'validate' your account. To do so, send an
email to the admin mentioning your account name, or ask an admin when he is
online (Admin's names are displayed in dark blue in the chat).
The e-mail address is usually mentioned in the server's intro screen or just
ask fellow players for it.



(2.3) Client options
--------------------
By pressing the '=' key, you can access the options menu where you can tweak
your client in some ways. Some of these options that aren't self-explaining
or that are especially important are listed in detail here:

(Note: Some options stem from single-player Angband, and are deprecated or
pointless for multi-player, and therefore don't have any effect. Those are
displayed in dark grey instead of white.)

(1) User Interface Options
    Rogue-like commands (rogue_like_commands)
        Toggles between normal key set and traditional rogue-like key set.
    Don't display 'flavours' in item names (short_item_names)
        A 'Black Potion of Speed' will just be shown as a 'Potion of Speed'.
    Hide unusable skills (hide_unusable_skills)
        Skills that your character cannot use will not be displayed in the
        skill menu invoked by 'G' key.

(2) Disturbance Options

(3) Game-Play Options
    Set 'AFK mode' automatically (auto_afk)
        Rogues might want to turn this off in order to sit out their blacklist
        timer in town.

(4) Efficiency Options

(5) TomeNET Additional Options
    Automatically open doors (easy_open)
        Your character attempts to open a door just by you moving into it.
    Suppress server messages as far as possible (taciturn_messages)
        Will prevent some of the not-so-important server messages to be
        shown, for example 'You have <item>' when picking up an item.
!!! Scroll the screen more frequently (wide_scroll_margin)
!!!     Should always be enabled! Will reduce probability for off-screen kills,
!!!     since the screen scrolls much earlier when you come close to a border!

(8) Check Server Options
    Displays a list of the server rules and configuration.

(A) Account options
    Here you can see if your account is valid. Invalid accounts are also
    indicated by a yellow 'I' in the players list you get with '@' key.
    Also, you can change your password here!

(W) Window flags
    Here you can configure each of the program windows in detail.
    It is recommended that you have one dedicated window for 'Display chat',
    so you don't miss important messages during combat.



(3) Creating a character & starting to play
===========================================

(3.1) Creating a new character; character modes
-----------------------------------------------
First you may choose your gender. This will not have actual influence on your
strengths or weaknesses.

Next you have to choose your class. Spellcasters like Istari or Shamans are
physically weaker and especially hard to play for beginners.
If you choose a spellcaster, be aware that his casting ability depends on
either his INTelligence or his WISdom, depending on the actual class. For more
information about classes and their pros and cons see (6.5).
Spellcasting involves using 'macros' (see (3.6)) and might be a bit difficult
for beginners.
Classes definitely NOT recommended for beginners are:
Istar (mage), Priest, Shaman, Adventurer.

Then you have to choose your race. Humans are good allrounders, while the other
races are more or less specialized. For example half-trolls are usually quite
dumb but very strong, and hobbits are quite nimble and intelligent but not
very strong. For more information about races see (6.4).
A half-troll warrior might be the best choice for a beginner to try since he
is tough and has less chance of dying instantly in case you make a more
serious mistake. Also you don't have to worry about the spell-casting system
for now.
Note that the availability of various races will depend on the class you chose,
some class-race combinations are not possible.

Now you will see your six basic attributes STRength, INTelligence, WISdom,
DEXterity, CONstitution, CHaRisma.

IMPORTANT NOTE: For fighters (rogues also belong to these) that use weapons,
it is important that you have enough STRength and DEXterity to execute at
least two attacks per round, called bpr (blows per round, see (6.5a)).
Sometimes this requires you to get rid of your initial weapon and buy a very
light weapon, for example one of these:
dagger or main gauche (sword class),
whip (blunt class),
hatched (axe class) or
spear (polearm class).
Sometimes it is even possible to start out with 3 bpr (warriors mostly).

Depending on the server configuration, starting at TomeNET version 4.2.0,
there are 2 alternative stages of character creation that may follow now.

1) The old way - random stats:
You see the short names for the 6 stats written from the left to the right
on the very bottom of the screen, and you're asked to choose a stat order.
You have to determine how important each of the 6 stats is to you by defining
an order. The first attribute you choose will be raised most.
However, know that all your stats are randomly modified slightly, each
character that you create even with same race and class will be a bit
different. Sometimes you are lucky and get really high attributes at the
beginning. And sometimes you get more gold to start with. If you don't like
the resulting stats after you finished character creation, suicide and start
over.

2) The new way since 4.2.0 - chosen stats:
You see your 6 stats written below each other, followed by a base number (10).
Right above them you see your free points (30) that you may distribute on the
stats. Use the numpad (numlock turned on) to navigate and increase or decrease
your stats until you used up all free points. Hit ESC when you're happy with
your choice.

Now you can choose a difficulty level you wish to play on. Options are
n) Normal  g) no Ghost  h) Hard  H) Hellish e) Everlasting
It is recommended that you choose either n) to play a normal character or g)
to play a normal character without a ghost.
You can also choose e), that will give your character an infinite amount of
resurrections, while 'normal' characters often have a limited amount of lives
(depending on the server configuration).

Last you can choose a body modification. It's strongly recommended for
beginners to choose 'normal body' and NOT 'fruit bat'. ;)


Mode: 'Normal'
--------------
A normal character will turn into a ghost if he dies. The ghost can be revived
by either visiting a temple or another living player using a magic scroll of
life when standing adjacent to the ghost. The ghost will return to the world
of living under the cost of a lot of experience but at least the player can
resume playing. If the ghost dies, the character will finally be erased
permanently, watch out!
Depending on the server configuration the number of times a ghost is limited,
standard is 3 lifes.


Mode: 'Everlasting'
-------------------
Create an everlasting character for an infinite amount of resurrections.
Everlasting characters can become king/queen, but cannot enter the high-score.
Other character types cannot use items that belong to everlasting
characters. Exception: Word-of-recall scrolls can be exchanged between an
everlasting and a non-everlasting player!
Non-everlasting and everlasting characters can't be in the same party.
If an everlasting King/Queen dies, he won't be destroyed but lose the
King/Queen status. To regain it, he needs to find another player who hasn't
killed Sauron and Morgoth yet and team up with him, because those two won't
(re)spawn for the everlasting player.
Since it was often asked: Non-everlasting and everlasting players can revive
each other without problems.


Mode: 'Unworldly' (no-ghost) and 'Hellish' (no-ghost + hard)
------------------------------------------------------------
Unworldly characters are like normal characters, but they have only one life.
Unworldly as well as hellish characters (who are a combination of 'no-ghost'
and 'hard') will be completely annihilated and deleted on death.


Mode: 'Hard' (like 'Normal' but with additional penalties) and 'Hellish':
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hard characters and hellish characters get certain penalties in gameplay.
These are:
-losing -1 to all stats
-healing is reduced by 25%
-AC is reduced by 50%
-ESP only works within radius of 20 squares
-any speed changes above or below +0 are reduced by 50%
-max number of melee attacks per round is reduced by 1.


Mode: 'PvP'
-----------
This is a special restricted mode that has nothing to do with normal gameplay.
If you're new to the game, it's absolutely not recommended to choose this.
More information about 'PvP' mode is given in (6.13).


Body: 'Fruit bat' (Batty)
-------------------------
A fruit bat is like a normal character, just not in humanoid shape but in bat
form! Fruit bats cannot wear certain equipment like boots, gloves or weapons.
However they are twice as fast and their melee attacks are somewhat vampiric.
Fruit bats are said to make good explorers. If you're new to the game, it's
absolutely not recommended to try and play fruit bat.


Hard / Unworldly characters will receive 25% bonus on their high score.
Hellish (Hard + Unworldly) characters receive 50% bonus on their high score.

Note that race and class will have influence on how much experience you will
need to gain a new character level. For example, High-Elves already know a
lot, so experience is hard to gain for them. In fact they will need 130% more
experience than a human.

Creation of your character is now finished and you are asked to press a key to
start the actual game. Do so and take a minute to read the text that will
appear. It is called news or motd (message of the day) and often contains
important server-specific information or announcements to the players.



(3.2) The display (user-interface)
----------------------------------
After you logged in with a character you will now see yourself (you are the
'@' symbol, except if you chose 'fruit bat' body, then you'll be a 'b')
in the town of Bree in the main window.

You can move around in all 8 directions by using the number pad keys! You can
run by pressing the SHIFT key together with a direction key.
IMPORTANT: To run (SHIFT+direction) make sure that the Numlock key above your
number key pad on the right side of your keyboard is turned off. A green lamp
will usually indicate whether it is on or off.

You can wear/wield items with 'w' (weapons, armour, light source..)
You can pickup items with 'g'. Drop items with 'd'. Destroy items with 'k'.
You can see a list of players who are currently online with '@' key.
You can chat with other players (say hello ^^) with ':' key.

The top right window will give an overview of your character attributes and
miscellanous abilities. The bottom right window will show the contents of your
backpack, also called inventory. All characters except ghosts have a backpack.
The bottom left window will show combat- chat- and server-messages. If most
of the windows stay totally empty, see (8.5) for possible solutions.
To the left border in the main window you see a short overview of your most
important stats:
-starting with your race
-your class
-your current title
(the title will change as you gain experience levels by fighting monsters),
-followed by your character level
-your amount of experience
-and your cash ('Au' stands for Aurum, latin for gold)
-the 'encumberment' bar (blank at the beginning)
-a mini lag-o-meter bar displaying your 'ping' by coloured plusses, 1 plus
symbol means your latency is below 50ms, each further plus symbol means 50ms
more, so if you see +++ your latency is between 100 and 149 ms.
-your 6 character attributes:
STRength, INTelligence, WISdom, DEXterity, CONstitution, CHaRisma,
-your current sanity (sound means you are completely sane, this might drop, for
example if a mindcrafter blasts your mind with psionic energy, leaving you
mad)
-then comes your Armor Class (AC) which describes how well you are protected
by all the armor you're currently wearing.
-The next two values are most important and will change all the time while
fighting monsters.
They are your Hit Points (HP) and Mana Points (MP), current/maximum values.
Mana points are very important for wizards, since they determine which spells
and how many of them you can cast. The current hit points (Cur HP) tell you if
you are injured. If they drop below zero you die!
If they are the same as your Max HP then you are fully rested and physically
healed.
-Next entry is your stamina (ST), if you chose a class that makes use of it.
Stamina may allow you to employ special techniques accessed with 'm'.

Below that, there are further status indicators such as
-your current world map location (sector 32,32 aka the starter town of 'Bree'
when you log in for the first time) and the 'AFK' status indicator
-as well as your food indicator ('full' by default). Note that if you don't
eat when you become hungry you might get paralyzed sporadically and eventually
even die of starvation!

By the way: If you enter the game and find that you don't like your
character and want to recreate it from scratch, you can suicide by pressing
'Q' (capital Q), followed by confirming the question if you really want to
suicide with 'y' and then finally verify your suicide with '@' key.
Note that a suicided character is completely and permanently gone (as is a
no-ghost/hellish character on mundane death).
Also see (0.2) for some details about suiciding.


(3.2a) The encumberment bar
---------------------------

Between AU and the mini lag-o-meter is a line indicating if you are encumbered
in any way. This line is blank by default, but may start to show little
coloured icons if your character becomes overburdened in some way.

This line consists of the following icons that may show up:
(Order: From left to right)
    Brown (        Your armour is too heavy (tohit/sneakiness penalty).
    Red /          Your weapon is way too heavy for you.
                   You will receive extreme penalties on melee combat.
    Orange \       Your weapon isn't fit for your character (e.g. priest
                   using non-edged non-blessed weapons like swords).
                   You'll receive a big penalty on hit chance and damage.
    Yellow /       You are using a 1,5-h weapon together with a shield.
                   This is possible, but you will receive a penalty on
                   hit chance and damage.
    Green |        You are using a 1h weapon two-handed and get a small
                   bonus from that (works only for some of the weapons).
    Red [          Your shield is way too heavy for you.
                   You will receive extreme penalties on block chance.
    Red }          Your ranged weapon is way too heavy for you.
                   You will receive extreme penalties on ranged combat.
    Yellow }       You are using a shield on your arm, reducing your
                   accuracy with your ranged weapon.
    Light-red 'F'  You are martial arts user and your backpack is too
                   heavy, so that you don't receive Free Action from MA!
                   See (5.4) for more detailed information.
    Yellow (       You are martial arts user and your armour is too heavy.
                   You might receive various penalties (see (5.4)).
                   NOTE: Up to client version 4.4.2 this can stand for both,
                   the meaning described above and the meaning of 'Blue ('
                   described below. Starting with 4.4.2a, these two were
                   separated into yellow and blue '(' icon.
    Blue (         You're a rogue or using primarily rogueish skills such
                   as dodging or dual-wield which depend on especially
                   flexible armour, but your armour is exceeding that limit!
                   You will lose some of the benefits, see (5.5)!
    Violet (       Your armour is so heavy that it reduces your MP.
                   This only affects classes that have a mana pool.
    Violet ]    a) Your gloves are not made for spellcasting or too heavy,
                   reducing your MP.
                b) Your headgear is too heavy, impacting your ability to cast
                   mindcrafter school spells, reducing your MP. Only affects
                   characters who have trained in one or more of the
                   mindcrafter schools.
Also see (5.4) and especially (5.5) for more information about encumberment,
and for specific details about penalties that are applied.



(3.3) Behaviour, chat messages and chat modes
---------------------------------------------
You can chat with other players by pressing the colon key ':' once you have
joined a game with your character.
In general, don't hesitate to ask questions. Players are usually willing to
help you with the beginnings. Keep in mind that players often don't have time
to look at the chat while they are fighting monsters, that means if you write
to someone while he is in the dungeon, he often likely won't notice your
message. Politely try again after some time.
You can scroll back the messages using CTRL+P, or look at chat-only messages
using CTRL+O.

You can also enter slash commands in the chat line. For details about slash
commands see (0.2).

To type a private message to someone, enter <name>:<text>
Example:    Hi!             <- goes to everyone
            C. Blue:Hi!     <- goes privately to the character named 'C. Blue'
In chat messages you can type a double colon '::' to force output of a normal
colon ':' instead of having it interpreted as separator for a private chat
message. Most smileys are recognized automatically and don't require you to
enter a double colon ( ':)' will work equally to '::)' ). (If you want to send
a private message to someone which starts with a smiley, you will have to
enter a space between the private-separator colon and the smiley colon,
example: 'D00d: :)' sends a private message to D00d, containing  ' :)'
while 'D00d::)' will result in a public chat message looking like this
'D00d:)' .)

You can use colours in messages. To change the message colour, put a {
followed by a colour code somewhere into your message line.
Example:
        {pHi!               <- results in a 'poison-coloured' Hi!
        I see some {vh {Bto the east
                            <- results in "I see some h in the east"
                               where the 'h' is violet. The rest of the
                               message is light blue (standard colour).
If you cannot see coloured messages in your secondary Tomenet windows other
than the big main window, check your client option settings by typing  =3
and looking for 'Flicker messages in recall' (recall_flicker). Set it to
'yes'.
If you want to type the character '{' in a chat message, rather than using
it for a colour code, type it twice '{{'. It will become '{'.

Here is a list of colour codes (try not to annoy your fellow players :)
    d  black            b  blue             B  light blue
    D  dark grey        g  green            G  light green
    s  slate (grey)     r  red              R  light red (pink)
    W  white            u  umber            U  light umber
    w  bright white     y  yellow           o  orange           v   violet

    a  acidic           c  cold             e  electric         f   fire
    p  poison           L  light flicker    h  half-multi       m   multi
    A  dark flicker     S  sound            C  confusion        H   shards
    I  invulnerability  M  disruption shield


Character names in chat lines have different colours to indicate their status:

White           Normal player.
Light blue      Everlasting player.
Slate (grey)    Hard-mode player.
Dark grey       No-ghost / hellish player.
Violet          Player character is king / queen.
Dark blue       Player is admin.
Red             Player is a ghost (ie dead).
Yellow          Player is a PvP-mode character.


Chat modes:
-----------
After pressing ':' key to enter chat mode, you may press TAB key to switch
between the three chat modes:
-normal
-party chat: All messages are sent exclusively to your own party.
-level chat: All messages are sent to everyone on your dungeon level.

Also you can use the following prefixes in the beginning of a chat line,
to get similar behaviour as in one of the chat modes just for one line:
!:      Sends the following text to your current party.
#:      Sends the following text to everyone on your dungeon level.
        Note: While in town this will instead become a /say.
%:      Sends the following text to yourself (has some use in macros).


Note that you can use CTRL+p and CTRL+n while in chat mode (':' key),
to repeat a message or command you previously typed.



(3.4) Start-up equipment
------------------------
Every new player has some items right from the beginning, stored in the
inventory (bottom right window). As a warrior you will have a chain mail and
a weapon, for example a sword.
Start-up equipment always has level 0 and cannot be used by other players!
You should now equip your start-up items, since they won't help you if
they stay inside the backpack. Press the key 'w', you will be asked which
item you would like to wear or wield, choose the letter in front of the item
inside your inventory, for example e) if the sword is the fifth item in your
backpack. Equip both, sword and armor this way. You can also equip a
lightsource like a torch or lantern this way. If it is night in town that will
help you to see anything. Inside a dungeon you should always make sure that you
have a lightsource equippped.
Startup items that you don't want to use you may simply destroy with 'k'.
The numbers '1' to '7', '9' and '+' stand for different shops that you can
enter to sell or buy items. It is recommended that instead of using your
torches, buy a brass lantern from store '1' (General Store), because a lantern
provides more light, increasing your radius of sight in the darkness. Also buy
a flask of oil for your lantern to refill it if it runs out of oil.
Press '?' to see an in-game introduction and overview of the keys and commands
that you may use. For example 'e' will show your currently equipped items.
You can chat with other players using the ':' key. This way you can also enter
certain commands like /fill to fill an empty bottle with water of a fountain.
At the beginning, all players receive a parchment with their start-up
equipment. It's the "Gazette". Press 'r' to read it. It may contain some notes
about the server or hints for newbies.



(3.5) Preparing the first time for fighting enemies
---------------------------------------------------
Before you enter a dungeon by stepping onto a staircase leading into the earth
(looks like this: '>') and pressing the staircase symbol '>' you will have to
buy some more items for the following reasons:
At the very beginning a single enemy who is a little bit stronger could kill
you easily without you having a fair chance to escape. At the same time,
slaying strong opponents at the very beginning will give very much experience,
thus making your character rise in experience levels and in power very
quickly!
Going deep down into the dungeon with a very low character level in hope of
meeting a monster that gives lots of experience while at the same time is not
too hard to kill is called "diving" and often is kind of suicide while
sometimes very rewarding.
However, buying certain items will greatly raise your chance of escaping from
dangerous situations alive or even slaying tough opponents. Also, by buying
an item (like magic potions or scrolls) your character will remember what it
'looks like' and instantly recognize it if you find some of the same type in
the dungeon. If you find a potion/scroll unknown to your character you will
have to either use it or sell it to a shop or use a scroll of identify to find
out what it is.
So to prepare for hunting in the dungeon, buy:
-Potion of Heroism
-Potion of Cure Light/Serious Wounds
-Scroll of Phase Door
The more you can buy of those the better. At least buy one potion of Heroism
and Cure Light Wounds.
And if you still have spare money (this one costs a lot) a
-Scroll of Word-of-Recall. (See "(0.3) Important inscriptions" for more info.)



(3.6) Creating basic macros & inscribing items
----------------------------------------------
Macros are absolutely obligatory, you _will_ need them, so read this
carefully and if something isn't explained well, ask your fellow players to
clarify.

In turn-based single-player rogue-like games you always have enough time to
press "q" (quaff a potion) followed by the according inventory slot, for
example b) (if there is a potion of cure critical wounds in the second
inventory slot).

However, TomeNET is multiplayer and real-time. This means you don't have
enough time to look at your inventory and search the correct letters for items
which you might need *this instance* to avoid certain death. Often situations
get hectic, for example if all of a sudden a dark-elven warlock comes around
the corner while you are engaging a pack of wolves, then you need kind of a
panic button that quickly transports you out of trouble.

To comply with this need, a macro system has been implemented, allowing you to
program freely choosable keys of your keyboard to perform a series of other
keypresses or commands when pressed. These macros can also interact with
certain items of your inventory by using "item inscriptions". You can inscribe
items (usually with the '{' key) as often as you like to, the inscription is
for example useful if an item has special abilities that you want to remember
by looking at it. You would for example inscribe an Elven Cord Armor that you
know helps you to resist the effects of poison. Then it might look like this
in your inventory:
Before: d) an Elven Cord Armor [6,+20] (+1) {+,10}
After:  d) an Elven Cord Armor [6,+20] (+1) {+,10} {resists poison!}
Inscriptions don't just help you to remember the abilities of certain items,
they can also interact with the macro system and other aspects of the game.

Usually if you want to quaff your potion of Heroism or read a scroll of Phase
Door, you would press keys 'q' 'c', q for quaff, then c for third inventory
slot for example, or 'r' 'd' (r for read, then d for the fourth inventory
slot, if your scroll resides here).
However, if you just picked up another potion, your inventory order might be
changed and you had to remember the new positions of your vital potion and
scroll.

Now we are going to create three macros that will instantly quaff the potions
or read a scroll of recall, no matter where in the inventory they exactly are,
on a single keypress! Inscribe the potion of Heroism "@q1", the scroll of
Phase Door "@r1" and the potion of Cure Light Wounds "@q2".
It should look like this now:
b) a potion of Heroism {+,1} {@q1}
c) a potion of Cure Light Wounds {+,1} {@q2}
d) a scroll of Phase Door {+,1} {@r1}

Now we will create macros that make use of these items. Invoke the macro menu
by pressing '%' key. Then choose "(3) Enter a new action" and enter the
following two characters and press Enter:
q1
Now choose "(5) Create a hybrid macro", then press the F1 key.
Now enter a new action, this time q2 instead of q1. Create another macro, this
time hit F2. Then Enter the third macro, r1, and choose F3 key.
Have your TomeNET client save the macros to a file on your hard disk, in your
TomeNET directory at \lib\user by choosing "(2) Save macros" and entering a
filename, or simply confirming the shown default file name which is the same
as your character (recommended!).

Now if you press F1 you will automatically quaff the potion of Heroism, F2 for
Cure Light Wounds and F3 to read the scroll. You are ready to enter the
dungeon now. If you still have some spare money, buy a flask of oil to fuel
your lantern if it runs out, as well as some rations of food in case you get
hungry.
The next time you log on, you may load your previously saved macro file by
invoking the macro menu again ('%'), choosing "(1) Load macros" and
entering the filename. If you saved the macros to the same name as your
character, they will be automatically loaded, saving you that hassle.


The macro recorder:
-------------------
Note that instead of entering an action string (such as 'q1' or 'r5'), the
macro menu also provides a 'macro recorder', which when invoked will record
all your key presses until you enter the macro menu again. Then the keys
you pressed will be the default action that you can directly bind to a trigger
key by choosing normal, command, or hybrid macro.


Note that while it is probably overkill to create macro hotkeys for items
which aren't as important as healing or teleportation, inscribing them can
still be helpful because it allows you to easily access them.

Example: You inscribed your flasks of oil @F1 . Now if your lantern is running
low on oil you just type the keys 'F' (to fill) and '1' instead of having to
search your inventory for the correct slot letter the oil flasks reside at.
Same goes for other items that aren't used in time-critical situations during
combat but nevertheless regularly, like scrolls of identify.

If two items have the same inscription, for example Potions of Cure Critical
Wounds @q1 and Potions of Healing @q1, the item which is above the others in
your inventory is chosen. So in this example you'd first use up all CCW
potions, then use the healing potions because CCW are located above healing
potions in your inventory. You can uninscribe items with the '}' key.


Loading macros automatically:
-----------------------------
If you save your macros to a filename that is the same as your character's
name and add a '.prf' at the end, it will be automatically loaded as you
join a game with your character, which is very helpful!
Example: If your character is named 'Kinkan', save the macros to Kinkan.prf
to have them loaded automatically.
Note: If you're using a Linux version, remember that the file system is
case-sensitive, so don't save your macros to 'kinkan.prf' since your character
actually starts with a capital 'K' or the file won't be loaded. Make sure
the filename and character-, class- or race-name are exactly the same
('Dwarf.prf', 'High-Elf.prf', 'Ranger.prf'..).
Another option is to save the macros to a file that is named like your account
it will be automatically loaded on all chars of that account.
You can also save macros to <racename>.prf or to <classname>.prf, like
Warrior.prf to have them being auto-loaded on all characters of that class.
Priority order (latter one overrides prior one):

pref.prf (global for all OS and users on the system)
user.prf (global, for the specific user)
pref-<operating system>.prf (loaded if under the specific operating system)
graf-<operating system>.prf OR font-<operating system>.prf
                            (loaded if using graphics / ascii font on the
                             specified system)
user-<operating system>.prf (loaded if under the specific operating system)
<race>.prf (for the specific race)
<class>.prf (for the specific class)
<account name>.prf (for the account the player logged in with)
<character name>.prf (for the specific character the player logged in with)

It is recommended to use only race/class/account/character preference files.


Command macros:  !WORKS DIFFERENT FROM MOST ROGUE-LIKES!
---------------
Command macros are only executed if the game isn't currently waiting for a
specific input, for example "quaff which potion?" or while you're typing chat
messages. That means they won't "disrupt" any other command which is currently
being run. This is convenient for keys which you use in chat, but can be
dangerous if you define vital macros as command macros.
It is recommended to make your most important macros normal macros or at least
hybrid macros (for example a "panic key" macro). Command macros don't work
in shops.


Hybrid macros:
--------------
Use 'create hybrid macro' instead of 'create normal macro' in case you don't
want the macro to appear on hitting the corresponding key in a normal chat
message (for example useful for '-' key so it won't prevent you from
inscribing your word-of-recall scrolls).
Hybrid macros still work within input requests such as "quaff which potion?",
just not in STRING INPUT such as chat lines, polymorph-codes or money amounts.
Hybrid macros don't work in shops.


Delete macros:
----------------
If you accidentally bound a macro to a key which wasn't free, for example
the key 'r' which is used to read a scroll, you can reset the key by
-pressing % to invoke the macro menu
-choosing '(7) - delete macro'
-pressing the key wich you want to reset.



(3.7) Creating macros for ranged attacks & abilities (spells)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Note: This section is becoming pretty advanced. If you want to try an easier
method but miss a nice fundamental explanation on the way macros work, you
may just jump to (3.7b) now!

Those macros basically consist of three parts.
1. Clearing the keyboard buffer (to avoid your character locking up in
   an attack queue if you hammer the trigger button for a ranged attack).
2. Designating a target.
3. Attacking the designated target.
How does the macro look like? (Note: Keys could vary depending on your
key set definitions. Throwing might be 't' instead of 'v' etc.)
For..
a) casting a magical spell
    Press 'm' to see your choices of casting magical spells. Let's assume you
    see this menu then:
        a) check dodge chance
        b) cast a spell
    Now we want 'b'. Press it to see a list of your magical books in your
    inventory. Let's assume you have learned spell 'a)' from book 'b)' in
    your inventory. Since the order of your books could change if you pick up
    new items or drop old ones, we will inscribe your magical book that is
    currently at position 'b)' like this:
    @m2
    The '2' is our own choice. We could've used 7 or 0 if we wanted to. Note
    that it must be a single digit! @m20 does not work.
    Now we can create the macro.
    -Press '%' to invoke the macro menu,
    -press '3' to enter a new action,
    -enter:    \e)mb2a*t
     This means:    \e)     clear the keyboard buffer
                    m       invoke the ability menu
                    b       choose 'b) cast a spell'
                    2       use the magical book which is inscribed @m2
                    a       use spell 'a)' from this book
                    *t      designate the closest enemy as the target for the
                            spell!
    -press ENTER key to accept that macro,
    -now hit '5 - create a hybrid macro'
    -hit the key you want to bind this macro to, for example the 'F1' key.
     F-keys are a good choice for macros, since they're not used otherwise.
    -To save your macros, press '2 - Save macros' and enter a filename of
     your choice. If you want your macros to be loaded automatically when you
     log in with your character, save them to '<yourname>.prf'. For example
     to 'Gandalf.prf' if your character is called 'Gandalf'.
     If your macros are not automatically loaded, you'll have to do it
     manually after logging in, by pressing % and choosing '1 - Load macros',
     then specifying the according filename.
    Note that if your character gains additional abilities that show up
    in the 'm' menu, it might happen that 'b) cast a spell' becomes
    'c) cast a spell' which would require you to redefine your macros.
    Fortunately there is a way around this, by using Ability Codes instead of
    letters to pick a skill to use. See 'Ability codes' below.
b) throwing an item at a monster (or player)
    Throwing would be done by pressing 'v', followed by the item and either
    one of the 8 directions or '*t' to designate the closest enemy as the
    target.
    The macro:
    -Press '%' to invoke the macro menu,
    -press '3' to enter a new action,
    -lets assume the item you want to throw is at position 'c)'.
     It's 'c) 3 potions of blindness'.
     You could now either specify the slot 'c)' in the macro or you could
     inscribe the potions @v1 and replace the c in the macro string by a 1.
     Inscribing has the advantage that if the potions change their location
     in your inventory you could still throw them. If you use 'c' you'd just
     throw the item at position 'c)' even if the potions are currently 'd)'.
     Examples:
     enter:    \e)vc*t      or      \e)v1*t
     This means:    \e)     clear the keyboard buffer
                    v       throw an item
                    c   OR  1
                            choose 'c) 3 potions of blindness' OR
                            choose the item for throwing which is currently
                            inscribed @v1
                    *t      designate the closest enemy as the target!
    -press ENTER key to accept that macro,
    -now hit '5 - Create a hybrid macro'
    -hit the key you want to bind this macro to, for example the 'F2' key.
     F-keys are a good choice for macros, since they're not used otherwise.
    -Don't forget to save your macro by pressing '2 - Save macros' if you
     plan to use it again.
c) firing your equipped ranged weapon (sling, bow, crossbow)
    The keys we need are 'f' to fire and a direction key or *t to simply
    target the closest enemy.
    The macro:
    -Press '%' to invoke the macro menu,
    -press '3' to enter a new action,
    -Since ammunition for firing or a boomerang is always at a fixed position
     in your equipment, we do not need any inscriptions on the weapon or
     ammunition - the game knows which item we want to use since there's only
     one possible choice.
     enter:    \e)f*t
     This means:    \e)     clear the keyboard buffer
                    f       fire an item (boomerang, if equipped) or
                            fire ammunition (if launcher & ammo is equipped)
                    *t      designate the closest enemy as the target!
    -press ENTER key to accept that macro,
    -now hit '5 - Create a hybrid macro'
    -hit the key you want to bind this macro to, for example the 'F2' key.
     F-keys are a good choice for macros, since they're not used otherwise.
    -Don't forget to save your macro by pressing '2 - Save macros' if you
     plan to use it again.
d) zapping a magical rod or aiming with a magical wand
    Rods are used by 'z' (zap a rod) and wands by 'a' (aim a wand),
    followed by the item and either one of the 8 directions or '*t' to
    designate the closest enemy as target.
    The macro:
    -Press '%' to invoke the macro menu,
    -press '3' to enter a new action,
    -lets assume you want to aim the wand at position 'c)'.
     It's 'c) a wand of magic missiles'.
     You could now either specify the slot 'c)' in the macro or you could
     inscribe the wand @a0 and replace the c in the macro string by a 0.
     Inscribing has the advantage that if the potions change their location
     in your inventory you could still throw them. If you use 'c' you'd just
     throw the item at position 'c)' even if the wand currently is at 'd)'.
     Examples:
     enter:    \e)ac*t      or      \e)a0*t
     This means:    \e)     clear the keyboard buffer
                    a       aim a wand (or 'z' to use a rod here)
                    c   OR  0
                            choose 'c) a wand of magic missiles' OR
                            choose the item which is currently
                            inscribed @a0   (or @z0 for a rod)
                    *t      designate the closest enemy as the target!
    -press ENTER key to accept that macro,
    -now hit '5 - Create a hybrid macro'
    -hit the key you want to bind this macro to, for example the 'F2' key.
     F-keys are a good choice for macros, since they're not used otherwise.
    -Don't forget to save your macro by pressing '2 - Save macros' if you
     plan to use it again.

What happens if you leave out the '\e)' part?
Well, that means the commands that aren't processed yet will stay in the
buffer and wait for execution. Example:
You hit the macro  f*t  30 times rapidly. Now your character will shoot 30
times with his bow. However, since he's quite slow, this might take him 30
seconds! You now sit in front of your keyboard and watch your character
process all the remaining 30 shots. If suddenly an enemy appears that needs
you to teleport away since it's too dangerous, you couldn't press any key
until the 30 shots are finished. The character is 'locked'.
The ')' in the macro '\e)f*t' clears all previous keypresses and hence
allows you to hammer the macro without fearing a lock.


(3.7a) Ability codes
--------------------
A problem with the 'm' key is that it not only brings up your magic spells
but a menu containing all skills you can use. Those can be arrow fletching
or dodging for example.
Now you would have to rewrite your macros each time you gain another ability,
since entries in 'm' menu might shift if a new skill gets inserted somewhere.
To avoid this, you can directly choose which skill (ie spell-casting) you
want to use in your macros, by specifying the "ability code"!

Here is a list of all available ability codes:
3       Use innate power (for mimicry-users)
4       Toggle Fire-till-kill mode, usable by anyone. See (5.2a).
5       Fighting techniques (see (6.12))
6       Shooting techniques (see (6.12))
8       Check your dodge chance (for dodging skill)
(included in '6' now: 9       Create ammunition (for archery skill))
10      Set a monster trap (for trapping skill)
11      Cast a magic spell / recite a holy prayer
13      Change combat stance (for combat stances skill)
14      Check your chances of parrying and blocking (for melee fighters,
        see (6.11) for details about these abilities)
15      Toggle 'Aura of Fear' if you have trained the according skill.
16      Toggle 'Shivering Aura' if you have trained the according skill.
17      Toggle 'Aura of Death' if you have trained the according skill.

After the ability code has been entered you need to press Enter to confirm it.
In a macro, this is done by '\r' (one of the so-called escape sequences).
Example for a macro that directly specifies the ability code to cast the magic
spell "a) Manathrust" from book "a) Beginner Cantrips" on the closest monster:

\e)m@11\r2a*t

What does that mean?
\e  ->  escape any pending input request, if there is any
        (so we don't have to press ESC before casting the spell in case we're
         currently 'L'ooking around or something)
)   ->  clear the keyboard buffer (removes all pending keypresses that haven't
        been processed yet due to slow character speed, so we become instantly
        ready to perform our mana thrust spell _now_)
m   ->  invoke an ability
@   ->  specify an ability code directly
11  ->  the code for 'cast a magic spell/recite a holy prayer'
\r  ->  press Enter to confirm
2   ->  cast from book 2 (inscription on the book must be @m2)
a   ->  cast spell "a)" (Manathrust)
*t  ->  choose the closest monster as target

(That macro basically does the same as:
mb2a*t
..assumed that entry 'b)' in the ability menu (invoked by 'm') is
'b) Cast a spell'. Except for escaping and clearing the keyboard buffer.)


(3.7b) Quick'n'dirty macros
---------------------------
Macro actions can be complex and hence time-consuming to enter and prone to
errors furthermore.
To allow you to quickly hack in macro actions, there's the Quick'n'Dirty
option in the macro menu, which will accept short cut characters instead of
the usual full macro.

On entering the macro action, those characters will be automatically expanded
to their real functionality. They are:
  M for using a mimic's innate power
  F for employing a fighting technique
  S for employing a shooting technique
  m for casting a spell
  n for drawing a rune
  p for setting up a trap
  s for changing a stance 
  * for targetting the nearest monster
Also, '\e)' is automatically prefixed, and the most fitting macro type
automatically chosen (depending on the trigger key).

Example: Assumed your book is inscribed @m1 as usual, and you want to cast
spell a). What you can simply enter in the q'n'd field is:
  m1a*
and it will automatically be expanded to the real macro '\e)m@11\r1a*t'.



(3.8) Example macro sets
------------------------
(For the meaning of '\e)' see below (3.9). I recommend to have all your
macros start with the '\e)' sequence to avoid character lock-ups due to
queued keypresses that have to be processed.)


An example macro set for fighters or archers:
---------------------------------------------
This macro set is already in your /lib/user folder! If it's not there,
download the latest client from www.tomenet.net or our personal pages.
You can load this macro file by hitting % to invoke the macro menu,
then enter '1' to load a macro file, and specifying its filename,
which is: example_fighter.prf
If you plan on using it for a longer time, immediately save it again
with the filename being identical to your character name, example: Killer.prf
if your character is named 'Killer'.
(You can save macros by choosing '(2) Save macros' in the macro menu.
Note: The file example_fighter.prf is write-protected to avoid overwriting.)

Key         Purpose of the Macro                    The macro   Inscription
                                                    itself      on the item(s)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F1  fire with ranged weapon at closest target       \e)f*t          -none-
    (you can inscribe your ammunition:  !=
    to pick it up automatically)
F2  quaff cure critical wound or healing potion     \e)q1           @q1
F3  quaff speed potion                              \e)q2           @q2
F4  quaff restore life levels potion                \e)q3           @q3
F5  read scroll of phase door                       \e)r1           @r1
F6  read scroll of teleportation                    \e)r2           @r2
F7  read scroll of identify                         \e)r3           @r3
F8  use a staff of teleportation                    \e)u1           @u1
    (magic device must be high enough or
    you will keep failing; also see (6.10))
F9  quaff a potion of resistance                    \e)q4           @q4
    (an important thing later in the game)
F10 zap some rod                                    \e)z1           @z1
    (magic device must be high enough or
    you will keep failing; also see (6.10))
F11 eat something.                                  \e)E1           @E1
    (Thunderlords could inscribe some firestones
    (see 5.9) instead of normal food, to quickly
    boost their powers if needed.)
F12 use a wand on the closest target                \e)a1*t         @a1
    (magic device must be high enough or
    you will keep failing; also see (6.10))

As you can see this fighter is supposed to be able to use quite some magic
for support in addition to fighting. Especially helpful are Rods of Perception
or of speed. Not all warriors are bright enough to use magic items easily, nor
are players always willing to spend many points on the 'Magic Device' skill.
If you dislike the use of magic your character would have to rely completely
on scrolls of teleportation instead. Just make sure you have confusion and
blindness resistance then! (Those two aren't needed to use a staff.)
If you play Thunderlord, kill Dragonriders because they tend to drop a large
amount of firestones. If a difficult combat starts, just eat several of them
to get a larger amount of extra powers.
(All macros in example_fighter.prf were defined as hybrid macros.


The above macro set slightly changed to fit
additional needs of a low level istar or other casters:
-------------------------------------------------------
This macro set is already in your /lib/user folder! If it's not there,
download the latest client from www.tomenet.net or our personal pages.
You can load this macro file by hitting % to invoke the macro menu,
then enter '1' to load a macro file, and specifying its filename,
which is: example_caster.prf
If you plan on using it for a longer time, immediately save it again
with the filename being identical to your character name, example: Killer.prf
if your character is named 'Killer'.
(You can save macros by choosing '(2) Save macros' in the macro menu.)
Note: The file example_caster.prf is write-protected to avoid overwriting.)

Key         Purpose of the Macro                    The macro   Inscription
                                                    itself      on the item(s)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F1  fire with ranged weapon at closest target       \e)f*t          -none-
    (you can inscribe your ammunition:  !=
    to pick it up automatically)
F2  quaff cure critical wound or healing potion     \e)q1           @q1
F3  quaff speed potion                              \e)q2           @q2
F4  quaff restore life levels potion                \e)q3           @q3
F5  read scroll of phase door                       \e)r1           @r1
F6  read scroll of teleportation                    \e)r2           @r2
F7  read scroll of identify                         \e)r3           @r3
F8  use a staff of teleportation                    \e)u1           @u1
F9  A combo macro: Cast spells 'Detect Monsters'    \e)m@11\r1em@11\r1f
    and 'Sense Hidden' from book Beginner Cantrips.                 @m1
    Since this macro casts two spells, it uses up
    two of your character's turns to complete.
    (Inscribe book of beginner cantrips  @m1)
F10 zap some rod                                    \e)z1           @z1
F11 Cast Globe Of Light spell (Beginner Cantrips)   \e)m@11\r1b     @m1
    (Inscribe book of beginner cantrips  @m1)
F12 use a wand on the closest target                \e)a1*t         @a1
+   Cast noxious cloud spell on closest target      \e)m@11\r2a*t   @m2
    (Book of noxious cloud must be inscribed: @m2
    You might also use any other book that provides
    a ranged attack spell, like fire flash.)
-   Cast phase door from 'Beginner Cantrips'        \e)m@11\r1d     @m1
    (Inscribe book of beginner cantrips  @m1)
0   Cast manathrust on closest target               \e)m@11\r1a*t   @m1
    (Inscribe book of beginner cantrips  @m1)

This low level istari might be armed with a sling to support his yet weak
magic, so the F1 macro makes sense. Assuming that he uses the numpad keys for
movement, the keys +, - and 0 were used to allow quick access to his basic
spells. - and 0 use his startup book 'Beginner Cantrips' while the macro on
the + key requires that he bought a spellbook of noxious cloud (or any other
attack spell, like fire flash) and inscribed it accordingly.
(All macros in example_caster.prf were defined as hybrid macros.)



(3.9) Macros with special keys
------------------------------
You can use so-called 'escapes', meaning a combination of '\' and a regular
key to emulate some special keys in your macros:
\\              the backslash itself. Prevents it from being interpreted as
                the beginning of an escape sequence.
\e              equals the 'ESC' key.
\s              equals the 'SPACE' key. You can also just type in regular
                spaces, which will be converted automatically.
\r or \n        RETURN/ENTER or LINEFEED. Makes no difference.
                Example:
                :hi!\r:hi!\n    makes your character say 'hi!' two times.
)               clears the keyboard buffer (all previous key presses that
                still have to be processed will be forgotten).
^               Prefixed to any key this will lead to a CTRL + <thatkey>
                combination. For example a macro '^x' will exit the game.

Example:
:Hi all!\r      This macro writes 'Hi all!' to everyone.
\e)f*t          This macro will press escape to leave any potential
                running input routine, clear the buffer, fire a shot at
                the closest enemy. You can hammer this macro madly while
                playing without fear of your client processing the key
                presses forever, locking you in a position till your last
                arrow has been shot, since each time you hit the macro,
                it will clear the keyboard buffer (')' symbol) from all
                previous entries.
                The 'running input routine' means:
                If you previously pressed 'q' to quaff a potion, the game
                will now ask you 'Which potion?' and wait for your input.
                If you now see an enemy approaching before you decide which
                potion to quaff, you would usually have to press ESC to leave
                the quaffing input and start firing arrows then. By
                integrating the ESC key into the macro ('\e') this step is
                done automatically.
*I recommend to have all macros start with the '\e)' sequence.*

Miscellanous escape sequences:
\x??            Convert the hex code into an ASCII character. For example
                \x41 (hex 41, dec 65) will become the 65th character of the
                ASCII charset which is a capital 'A'.
\^              The caret '^' or 'accent circonflex'.
\b              stands for the BACKSPACE key.
\t              stands for the TABulator key.
\0?? or \1?? or \2?? or \3??
                stands for an octal code. The code will be converted into an
                ASCII character similar to \x?? hex mode, so \101 becomes 'A'.
\w??            Waits (asynchronously) for ?? tenth seconds. (eg. 20 -> 2 s)
                Use this for macros which contain several commands in a row
                which depend on each others execution. You might have to
                adjust the delay to your personal latency, depending on your
                internet connection and speed at which your character acts.


(3.9a) Creating a chat macro for your party
-------------------------------------------
Using public chat for party coordination can prove annoying to other players
and as well confusing to your fellow party members since it's sometimes hard
to read if people are chatting vividly.
On the other hand, entering your chat lines in this format
  <Party name>:<Text>
all the time can get annoying since you have to repeat the party name over and
over, although you can use just the first four letters or so as abbreviation.

There are three different ways to easily talk to your party.
1.) use the party wildcard '!'.
    Simply start your chatline like this !:blabla..., using the '!' in place
    of the party name. The text will be sent to your current party (if any).
2.) Hit ':' key to enter chat, now press TAB to switch to party chat mode.
3.) Create a macro to chat with a specific party, so you can write a
    party-message by hitting a single key, party-chatting becomes as easy as
    hitting ':' for normal chat.
    Enter the macro menu ('%'), enter a new action ('3'), enter the macro
    according to your party name. For example, if your party is called
    'Scarlet Knights', enter this string:
        :Scarlet:
    hit the Enter key to accept it, create a command macro ('6'), choose a
    key you wish to use for party chat from now on, and save your macro ('2')
    to a file which is loaded automatically, like '<Your charname>.prf', for
    example Kinkan.prf.
    Using longer or shorter (at least 4 letters) strings works too of course,
    as long as there isn't a party of similar name which could get confused
    with yours.
The best way in my opinion is to combine the two ways and to set up a macro
which types   :!:   for you on a single key press automatically:
    Enter the macro menu ('%'), enter a new action ('3'), enter the macro
    :!:
    hit the Enter key to accept it, create a command macro ('6'), choose a
    key you wish to use for party chat from now on, and save your macro ('2')
    to a file which is loaded automatically, like '<Your charname>.prf', for
    example Kinkan.prf. This way, no matter what your party is called, you
    will always be able to chat to it by pressing a single key.


(3.9b) Alternative macros: Calling objects by their name
--------------------------------------------------------
An alternative way to utilize macros is to not rely on item inscriptions, but
instead call the target object directly by its name!

This can either be an item name, as it appears in your inventory, or a spell
name if you want your macro to cast a spell.

The clue is that when you are asked "Aim which wand?", "Read which scroll?",
"Cast from which book?" etc. you can also press '@' key to directly type in
a name.
Note: In the special case of books, you will then be able to type in
a spell name instead of a book name, and the game will search your books for
that spell automatically.

So, instead of inscribing your potions of Healing '@q1' and having a macro
'\e)q1' you could also just have a macro '\e)q@Healing\r'.

Or, instead of inscribing a Beginner Cantrips book '@m1' and macroing the spell
manathrust with '\e)m@11\r9a*t' you could also just make a macro
'\e)m@11\r@Manathrust\r*t' without the need to inscribe your book.

In fact you could make a macro '\e)m@Cast a spell\r@Manathrust\r*t'.

IMPORTANT: Keep in mind that call-by-name is actually case-sensitive!
(So in the example above, 'manathrust' would not work.)

Additional details:
-------------------
The text you provide for matching is treated as a partial text (sub-string)
that must occur anywhere in an inventory slot text. Only those inventory slots
are tested for this, which actually contain an item of fitting base type (tval)
for the action that is being executed.

Example: You make a macro   z@Gold-Pl\r  -this will be processed as follows:
The command is 'z' to zap a rod. So only inventory slots that contain rods will
be looked at, the rest is ignored.
Now all inventory slots that contain rods will be tested for whether they
contain the text piece 'Gold-Pl' somewhere.
So if you carry any Gold-Plated rods in your inventory they will be zapped.

Note that since it's really just all about partial-text-matching, you could
inscribe some other rods 'Gold-Pl' so the text matching would succeed, although
they aren't 'real' Gold-Plated rods. (!)



(3.10) Experience, level-ups and skill points
--------------------------------------------
By killing monsters your character gains experience. In general, harder
monsters on deeper dungeon levels give more experience than easy kills.

Hanging out on easy dungeon levels compared to your character level (for
example a high level 50 character on an (to him) easy dungeon level like 60)
may result in diminishing returns of experience points for killed monsters,
while monsters that dwell in deeper regions that are more fitted as a
challenge to the player, and whose levels are far above the player
character's level, will be very rewarding in terms of experience and loot.
Experience is shared automatically in 'parties', see (6.9).


Recommended minimum depths for optimal experience gain

Note: In general, the deeper the better! These are only _minimum_ recommended
depths above which your experience gain will receive a quite severe reduction.
Also, your character might not always be strong enough to survive on
these depths. In that case, despite the experience penalty, you should
consider moving to easier dungeon levels anway until you found decent items
and maxed out your vital stats (constitution, etc).

Note: Your depth display in the bottom right screen corner will indicate the
appropriateness of your current depth by its colour:
If you're on a far easier depth, it'll be dark grey, indicating that you
cannot expect any good experience gain at all here.
If you're on a slightly easier depth, it'll turn yellow, to tell you that
you're getting closer to the depth required for best results.
On the minimum required depth or deeper, it's white.
(On a side note, while word-of-recall is pending, it'll turn orange, since
it's also used as a word-of-recall indicator this way.)

    Character level     |     Dungeon level
-------------------------------------------------
        1..19                 decent exp is
                            gained everywhere
        20                           15
        23                           17
        25                           18
        28                           22
        30                           25
        35                           30
        38                           36
        40                           40
        41                           43
        42                           46
        43                           50
        44                           54
        45                           59
        46                           65
        47                           72
        48                           81
        49                           92
------  50                          100   ------
        55                          110
        60                          120
        65                          130
        70                          140
        75                          150
        80                          160
        85                          170
        90                          180
        95                          190
        98                          196
        99                    no exp gained

If you are below the optimum depth, your experience gain will decrease.
The experience gained will be multiplied by 2 / (2 + leveldifference).
So for 1 level missing to optimum depth you would get 2 / (2 + 1) = 67% of
the optimum experience, at 2 levels difference you'd get 50%, 40% at 3, etc.
At level 64 and higher, no dungeon except for the Nether Realm (see (4.5))
will be deep enough to deliver optimal experience and your experience gain
will slowly start to decrease while you further rise in character levels.
The Nether Realm is by far the deepest dungeon in the game and allows players
of very high character levels to accumulate excellent experience.

If your character accumulates a certain amount of experience, (s)he will gain
a 'level-up', meaning that you become noticably more powerful than you were
until now.
Each character level requires your character to accumulate more experience
than was needed for the level before, up to millions of experience points!
All characters start the game at level 1. At level 50 they are supposed to
fight the bad boss of the game, Morgoth, Lord of Darkness.
Depending on race and class, characters need to kill a different amount of
monsters in order to reach the next level. Yeeks get experience fastest,
while Thunderlords are slowest. (See (6.4) and (6.5).)

Each time your character gains a new level, (s)he also gains 5 skill
points that you can distribute on your character's skills, press 'G' to invoke
the skill chart where you can raise skills of your choice. Do this at a safe
place, so your character won't be attacked and killed while you are looking
at the skill chart. The different skills are described in (6.2). Which
skills your character may specialize in depends on his class,
and sometimes also on his race; skills that are not available to your
character's class are greyed out and cannot be raised.
On the skill chart you can press 'Up'/'Down' keys to select a skill and
'Right' key to invest one of your spare skill points into it. Choices cannot
be undone, so be careful here.
For details about skill point distribution and the different skills see (6.2).
Also see (7.5) for suggestions about skill point distribution.



(3.11) Death, ghosts and looting
--------------------------------

Death
-----
If a player dies, an automatic chardump is generated in /lib/user called
'<charname>-death.txt' (see 8.2) which you can view with any text editor.
Also, a screenshot is made automatically, displaying your situation, saved
to '<charname>-death-screenshot.xhtml'.
(You can view xhtml files in most webbrowsers.)

Normal/everlasting characters will turn into ghosts if they die. When you
become a ghost, your title will change to 'Ghost' until you get revived.
Depending on the server configuration, ghosts of a 'normal mode' player
can usually be resurrected only 2 times, so a normal player has 3 lives
before permanently biting it.
Unworldly/hellish characters don't have a ghost and are completely destroyed
if they die.

If a player ultimatively dies on a dungeon or tower floor, ie he didn't turn
into a resurrectable ghost but got completely erased, then that particular
floor he "perma-died" (also termed "ghost-died") on will remain static for
a while, instead of being regenerated.
This allows other players to go down there later and retrieve his items or
money, however, whatever killed him/her will probably also still be down
there!
The time a level stays static is usually 3 minutes * dungeonlevel.
Example: A player dies on -300 ft in The Orc Cave dungeon.
         In The Orc Cave, the first floor at -50ft is alreay like -500ft ie
         level 10 (compare (4.5)). The player died 5 floors deeper at -300
         so we have to add 5 more floors to 10, so the player died at dungeon
         level 15 in fact. 3 minutes times 15 = 45 minutes time for others to
         go there and pickup his loot until the level randomly changes again.
Levels below 9 (ie less than +/-450ft) are usually exempt from remaining
static and will regenerate normally, meaning the loot is lost after a couple
of seconds.
Note: If a player enters a static-by-death floor, the floor timer will be
      reset and start counting down the full duration again, prolonging its
      staticness. This timer-reset happens the moment a player enters that
      floor. How long he stays or when he leaves again has no effect.

Be aware that some or even all equipment and inventory might be lost forever
if you die in places which don't provide enough surrounding free room to drop
all of your items, for example a dense forest (green tree fields) or mountain
regions (brown ^ fields)!

Last but not least, non-validated players and characters below level 5 don't
drop their items on death, their loot will vanish forever.

Hint: The same timing that applies for static-by-death floors is also valid
      for static-by-save&exit floors, ie floors where a player logged out
      instead of doing that in town.
      So if you logged out because your character was stuck, make sure you
      don't log on too early or you will reset the timer as mentioned above.


Ghosts
------
You can continue playing as a ghost, getting a slight experience penalty,
but that's not recommended. Instead, you should go for resurrection!

Ghosts can float up and down freely (just hit '<' or '>' key as if you take
a staircase), so they can quickly float out of the dungeon without having to
search for staircases. However, on some servers, a ghost cannot float down to
very deep dungeon levels which he hadn't visited yet when he was still alive.
So 'Ghost-Diving' (means: simply continuing playing as a ghost) is somewhat
limited there.

That will bring you back to life at the cost of experience (40% usually).
There are 3 ways to be revived:
-the ghost can visit a temple (green '4' in town). The temple priest will also
 give him some money. The temple priest will turn the ghost away without
 resurrecting it, if the town isn't the last one visited by the player when
 he was still alive. ('The temple priest turns you away')
-another living player reads a 'Scroll of Life' when standing directly next to
 a ghost.
-another living player speaks a prayer of 'resurrection' when standing
 directly next to a ghost. The higher the resurrection spell level was,
 the less experience will be lost.
The ghost will return to the world of living under the cost of a lot of
experience but at least the player can resume playing. If the ghost dies,
the character will finally be erased permanently, watch out!

Ghosts slowly lose experience, if they go below 0 they will fade and the
player will be erased completely.

Ghosts have some special abilities, these are
-they can see invisible creatures
-life force can hardly be drained from them
-they cannot be paralyzed
-they spot warm-blooded creatures easily
-they resist darkness effects, poison, cold, blindness, fear and confusion
-they cannot be cut since they don't bleed
-they resist insanity attacks
-they can pass solid walls and mountains
-they can fly
-they cannot use items
-they cannot carry items except for the Book Of The Dead.

Ghosts can access undead powers with 'U' (currently not available, sorry).
Those powers drain your experience. If you use them too often and run out
of experience you will fade away (your character is erased then).



(4) The world
=============
(4.1) Running, picking up items, fighting
-----------------------------------------
If no monsters are within your sight, you are able to run. This
feature was introduced to let you quickly cross empty areas, while it will
cease to work as long as you fight monsters. To run, press SHIFT+<direction>
or type '.' followed by a direction. Running using SHIFT+<direction> will
only work if Numlock is turned off. Numlock is the key labeled 'Num' above the
number key pad on the right side of your keyboard. Usually a green lamp will
indicate whether Numlock is on or off.

If you want to pick up an item from the floor, step on that field and press
'g' (or press '5' on the numpad, while NUMLOCK must be on). For more
information about finding, identifying and selling items, see (5.7).
However, note that the keys can vary depending on your system configuration.

You attack a monster with your equipped melee weapon by simply moving on
the monster's field. Alternatively you can just stay still and let the
monster approach you, if you stand still and an enemy is on an adjacent
field (directly next to you, no space between you and the enemy) then your
character will automatically attack it with the equipped melee weapon.
This feature is called 'the auto-retaliator'. If you want to use ranged
attacks you have several choices.
a) casting a magical spell ('m')
b) throwing an item at a monster (or player) ('v')
c) firing your equipped ranged weapon (sling, bow, crossbow) ('f')
d) zapping a magical rod or aiming with a magical wand ('z', 'a')
For all types of ranged attacks you'll need to designate a target. As soon as
you finish casting an attack spell or if you press 'f' to fire an arrow/bolt/
pebble/shot the game will ask you for a target or direction. You can now
either press one of the 8 direction keys to fire into that direction, or you
press the asterisk '*' followed by a 't' to designate the closest enemy as
your target, which usually is what you want.
To learn how to create a macro instead of typing all these letters every time
you want to launch a ranged attack, look at
'(3.7) Creating macros for ranged attacks'.



(4.2) Level and owner of items
------------------------------
If you press 'l' to look at an unknown item that lies on the floor, you'll
see something like this:

You see a Long Sword {?} (2d5)

The '{?}' indicates that this item has not yet been 'identified'.
That means we don't know yet if it has certain magic abilities or if it's
even cursed. We just know what we can see with our very eyes, that it is
undoubtful some Long Sword, and all Long Swords do a base damage of 2d5.
For more information about finding, identifying and selling items, see (5.7).
If you pick it up it will be displayed in your inventory like this:

e) a Long Sword {+,?} (2d5)

Note the additional '+' symbol. It means that you're now the 'owner' of that
item because you were the first one to pick it up.
Now you want to find out if the sword has any magic abilities. So you read
a Scroll Of Identify (or a Staff of Perception for example). The sword now
looks like this:

e) a Long Sword {+,6} (2d5) (+1,+5)

Now we know all about it. It's a magical Long Sword (magical because its
magical to-hit and to-dam boni are not 0,0 but 1,5. That means it's an
enchanted Long Sword that magically adds +1 to your hit chance and +5 to
the damage, doing (2d5)+5 damage per hit) that requires its wielder to be
at least level 6 in order to use it.

-Now if you're the owner of the sword then you are able to use it even if your
level is lower than 6 !

-If you give this sword to someone else who is level 4
that person won't be able to use it because he's not the owner.

-If you give the sword to someone who is level 6 or higher, he will become the
new owner! Now you're unable to use the sword if you're level 5 and he gives
it back to you.

-To the owner an item has the '+' sign displayed in its name. Every other
player who looks at the item sees the owner's name instead. Example:
If you drop the sword to the ground and 'l'ook at it, you'll still see this:

e) a Long Sword {+,6} (2d5) (+1,+5)

but if someone else looks at it, assuming your name is 'Mithrandir', that
person will instead read:

e) a Long Sword {Mithrandir,6} (2d5) (+1,+5)

-Last but not least a nasty scenario:
Your character (named 'Mithrandir', level 20) dies and loses his Bluesteel
Blade {+,20}. Now you're a ghost and decide to ask a fellow player (named
'Mugash', level 30) if he can defeat the monsters that killed you and bring
your items to town.
He agrees, you float up to town (remember that ghosts can simply float up
and down anytime by pressing < and >) and revive in the temple (green '4').
If you revive, you'll always lose a bunch of experience. So your level is
now 18 instead of formerly 20.
The level 30 player kills all monsters and picks up your stuff. Since your
valuable Bluesteel Blade requires level 20 the level 30 player becomes its
new owner because he's not lower than 20. He arrives in town and drops the
sword for you.
You pick it up, and whooops it's a Bluesteel Blade {Mugash,20} and you're
level 18. You can't wield it anymore! So the right choice would've been to
ask Mugash if he can buy a 'Scroll of Life' and revive you in the dungeon
after he killed off all mobs, to avoid him touching your items and becoming
the owner.



(4.3) Dungeon and tower types, Ironman, Jail
--------------------------------------------
Look for the staircase ">", step on it and press the '>' key to enter the
dungeon. There is often a so-called training tower, which is represented by a
"<", meaning it goes upwards instead of downwards. Enter it by pressing the
'<' key. The training tower allows you to die without suffering consequences,
and is easier in general. An experience penalty might be applied for killing
monsters in the tower (usually 50%). You might ask other players in game
(use ':' to chat) where/if there is a newbie tower (also called 'Training
Tower'), or you might search for it yourself.
Usually when you take a staircase, your character will get a high Armour bonus
(+100) and a chance to deflect enemy attacks, for a very short duration. This
sometimes helps to survive nasty surprises. Keep your scrolls of teleportation
ready anyway!

While inside a town, you get a good overview including the staircases upwards
and downwards by invoking the map by pressing SHIFT+'M' (capital M !).
If you leave a town and explore the wilderness, M will bring up a map showing
you towns and areas that you have explored so far.

After you entered the dungeon, make sure again that you have equipped a light
source! Note the bright dots around you, these are lightened fields within the
radius of your light source. To look at your current dungeon/tower level or
city, press 'L' and use direction keys to navigate on the map.
Also know that there are interesting dungeons found in the wilderness that are
not connected to a town at all!

When you enter the dungeon from within the starting town Bree, you will note
in the main window instead of "Bree" your actual depth is displayed, telling
you on which dungeon level you are. Each dungeon level is 50 feet deeper.
Monsters have approximately the same level than the dungeon level they appear
on. You should try to figure out how deep you can go without dying. The
dungeon depth I can recommend is between 1/3 (if you are _very_ weak) of your
own character level and 3/4 of your character level. You can also go deeper,
in case you want to try diving quickly. On 750 ft you can encounter hounds
(their symbol is a 'Z'). These don't have much Hit Points but give much
experience. They are a famous target for diver.
For a list of the dungeons see '(4.5) Towns'.

Dungeon types
-------------
There are different types of dungeons. The main five are:
-Normal dungeons. The main dungeons below the five cities Bree, Minas Anor,
 Gondolin, Lothlorien and Khazad-dum are such regular dungeons.
 Normal dungeons/towers are marked by a light grey < or > symbol.
-NO_RECALL. These dungeons don't allow you to use Word-of-Recall nor
 probability travel to change the level. The staircases are the only way.
 Sending items via telekinesis to a player who is currently in a no-recall
 dungeon/tower will only work if both players are on the same dungeon floor.
 Ghosts of dead players can still float up/down.
 No-recall dungeons/towers are marked by a light red < or > symbol.
-NO_RECALL_INTO. You may not recall into this dungeon/tower. You can use
 recall to get out of it though. Probability travel works towards the surface
 but not the towards the dungeon bottom/tower top. To Telekinesis the same
 restrictions apply as for NO_RECALL. Ghosts may float freely.
 Staircases are yellow.
-NO_UP. These dungeons won't allow you to go upwards, similar to ironman,
 just without the penalty of permanent ghost-death. You are allowed to use
 Word-of-Recall as well! Ghosts of dead players can float upwards.
 No-up dungeons/towers are marked by a red < or > symbol.
-FORCE_DOWN. Same as NO_UP, but you can only recall at the bottom of the
 dungeon, similar to ironman (except for the no-ghost death penalty).
 Force-down dungeons/towers are marked by an orange < or > symbol.
-Ironman. Ironman dungeons or towers won't allow you to recall or to use
 staircases that lead upwards! If you die in such a dungeon or tower you won't
 turn into a ghost either but get destroyed completely.
 Sending items via telekinesis to a player who is currently in an ironman
 dungeon/tower will only work if both players are on the same dungeon floor.
 To leave an ironman dungeon/tower you'll have to get to it's bottom
 respectively top. There might be possibilities to use Word-of-Recall even if
 you're not at bottom/top yet, depending on the server configuration. In
 general you will recognize levels which allow recalling by a green message,
 saying "You don't sense a magic barrier here..." (compare (4.8)).
 Ironman dungeons/towers are marked by a dark grey < or > symbol.
 NOTE: In the case of RPG-server settings, you can usually recall INTO town
 dungeons every (n*1000)+50 ft, n starting at 0. Example: -50 ft, -1050 ft,
 -2050 ft, etc. Also, ALL dungeons will usually not allow recalling OUT until
 you reach a floor that is equivalent to at least dungeon level 20. Examples:
 At least -1000 ft in Barrow-Downs, at least -550 ft in The Orc Cave.
-Hellish. Players suffer no-ghost deaths inside hellish dungeons.
 Even if they're everlasting.
 Hellish dungeons/towers are marked by a fire-like flickering < or > symbol
 (red/yellow).
-NO_DEATH. The Training Tower in Bree has this flag. Players who die inside a
 no-death dungeon won't turn into a ghost if they 'die' but just be teleported
 back to town! They still lose experience though.
 No-death dungeons/towers are marked by a green < or > symbol.
If a dungeon has several of these flags, the latter ones will override the
staircase colour. So a hellish ironman dungeon has hellish-looking staircases.

Jail:
Note that jails (if the server has one) don't allow any type of teleportation,
nor will you turn into a ghost if you get killed there, instead you will get
destroyed completely. Same as with 'ironman dungeons'.
A jail usually has an ironman tower inside.

Sometimes you might find ruins of old staircases that don't lead to any
dungeon or tower. Those have no further functionality and are coloured grey.


Overview:
Dungeon type  Death?  No-ghost? Recall          Staircase   Prob travel   +Exp
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal        yes     (char)    yes             yes         yes           0%
No death      no      no        yes             yes         yes           -50%
No recall     yes     (char)    no              yes         no            +10%
No rec down   yes     (char)    upwards only    yes         upwards       +5%
No up         yes     (char)    yes             downwards   downwards     +5%
Force down    yes     (char)    at bottom only  downwards   downwards     +10%
Ironman       yes     yes       at bottom only  downwards   no            +15%
Hellish       yes     yes       yes             yes         yes           +10%



(4.4) Terrain
-------------


Terrain features in the main window:
------------------------------------
Town buildings-
Consisting of red '#' (roof) and white '#' (wall), these cannot be damaged or
destroyed.

Floor-
Dots '.' rensemble empty floor. Green dots are grass, brown ones dirt, grey
ones stone or ash.
Red dots are lava, violet dots nether mist. These can be dangerous to cross!

Trees and bushes-
Thick trees are rensembled by (mostly green, depending on the season) '#'.
To pass them you need to either fly over them or to be an Ent, shepherd of
trees to whom they will slightly bow aside to make room, a yeek, or a trained
ranger or druid. Trees can also be burned up. Dead trees and bushes are '*' symbols.

Staircases-
'<' and '>' are staircases leading upwards or downwards into towers or
dungeons. (Press the according key to walk the staircase.)

Doors-
Light brown '+' are closed doors, ' are open or broken doors.
(Use 'o' to open, 'c' to close and 'B'/'F' to bash/force doors.)

Void Jumpgates-
Violet '+' are void jumpgates that teleport you elsewhere.
Press '>' key to use them.

Stores-
Store entrances are represented by coloured numbers '1'..'7', '9' and '+'.
See (4.5) for details about stores.

Rubble-
':' is rubble. Characters with high enough archery skill can stand next to
rubble and use their 'create ammo' ability to create ammunition from it.

Pits-
Dark '^' are pits that can only be crossed if you have levitation or flying
ability. Bree is protected by pits around the outer tree wall. These pits
cannot be disarmed or destroyed.

Walls-
White '#' are permanent walls which cannot be damaged or destroyed, or in
some special places can be ice walls (which can be destroyed).
'#' and '%' of different grey tones are granite walls, magma intrusions,
quartz veins and can be tunneled into and take damage from earthquakes.
Yellow '#' are sand walls, red/brown '#' are indestructible lava walls which
may occur in some remote places..

Water-
On the world surface but also in some dungeons there's lots of water (blue '~'
fields). It can be dangerous to cross it if you're not good at swimming or if
you cannot fly :) Further, nasty creatures are said to live in the seas. Ents
cannot drown in water since they completely consist of wood.

Mountain chains-
Brown '^' fields are massive and very high mountains. To travel these you need
a climbing set or another item that gives you climbing abilities. Dwarves can
intrinsically travel through mountains. In dungeons '^' rensemble solid
structures of massive rock that reach nearly up to the top of the huge dungeon
levels, climbing these is as hard as climbing mountains above ground.
White '^' are extremely high mountain chains that cannot be climbed.

Lava-
Red dots '.' are shallow lava, which will do heat damage to your character in
regular intervals. This might also destroy items in your inventory in case
you're not immune to fire.
Red/orange/yellow '~' is deep lava, which deals a lot of heat damage.

Fountains-
'_' are fountains. To drink from them use /sip command or press the '_' key.
See (0.2) for more details.


Terrain features on the world map:
----------------------------------
Lakes-          are displayed as blue '~' fields on the world map.
Grassland-      green '.'
Forest-         green '*'
Swamps-         violet '%'
Dense forests-  dark grey '*'
Wasteland-      umber (bronze) '.'
Towns-          yellow 'T'
Mountains-      dark grey '^'
Volcanos-       red '^' - careful, you may get stuck in this terrain!
Rivers-         light blue '~'
Coast areas-    yellow ','
Oceans-         blue '%' fields.



(4.5) Towns, shops, the dungeons
--------------------------------
If you create a new character, it will start in 'Bree', a town located at
position 32,32 on the world map (same position on all servers!).
The world map however, ranging from 0,0 (bottom left corner) to 63,63
(top right corner), bears several other towns that you can find and
explore. These towns often contain different shops (some are said to offer
*Identify* service or even a cure to Black Breath) and harder dungeons.
However, they might also be a very dangerous place to stay, compared to Bree.
In general you can say the harder the local dungeon entrance of a town the
more dangerous monsters can spawn within the town! Bree is the only town that
contains just more or less harmless townsfolk.
The worst are Khazad-dum and Lothlorien, if you go here be _very_ cautious.
Monsters that appear here might look like harmless novice paladins or snagas
but are in fact of a higher level and more powerful.
However, it has been observed that people who figured out how to climb high
mountains travelled to Khazad-dum despite their low level for a strange
reason >:-) .
Even if you decide to stay in Gondolin, which is relatively harmless,
don't go afk for a longer time or even a snaga archer might kill you with his
ranged attacks. Always a nasty surprise..

Despite the hazards of higher level towns, towns in general act as a safe zone,
preventing PK attacks and stop your character's food consumption, meaning that
you cannot die by starvation while in town.


Shops:
------
Each town has several shops, displayed as numbers 1..9 and some '+'.
The 1..9 are standard shops, namely..
1       General Store   Sells food, lanterns, ammunition, cloaks and shrooms.
2       Armoury         Offers various basic armour. Rarely excellent pieces.
3       Weapon Shop     Offers various basic weapons. Rarely excellent pieces.
4       Temple          Player ghosts will be revived here, and receive some
                        money. The temple sells weapons for priests, scrolls
                        and potions.
5       Alchemist       Sells various scrolls and potions.
6       Magic Shop      Sells wands, staves, rings and amulets.
7       Black Market    Sells many different items, mostly very good ones.
                        This shop is very expensive and buys for very little
                        in return. Better not sell your items to this shop,
                        as long as a regular store will pay you better.
                        Some items cannot be sold elsewhere though.
8       The Inn         In Bree it's The Prancing Pony. Inside the inn,
                        players are relatively safe from monsters.
9       Book Store      Sells books for istari, priests and all other (hybrid)
                        magic users.
+       These are different everywhere. Some examples are..
        Mayor's Office (in Bree)
                        Allows you to turn in deed parchments you won in
                        tournaments or on other occasions for a reward.
                        Also, you can receive a quest here.
        The Bank        Several towns have a bank where you can deposit and
                        withdraw money, so you won't lose it accidentally on a
                        dungeon trip.
        Rune Repository
                        Sells and buys runes used by Runemasters.
        Casino          Minas Anor has a casino. Go and try your luck!
        Mass Identify Service
                        Will identify all items you currently carry for a fee.
        *Identify* Service
                        Will *identify* an item for a fee.
                        See (5.7) for more information about ID, *ID*, shops!
        Herbal Healing Service
                        Will cure black breath for a high fee. (See 1.5 for
                        more information about Black Breath.)
        Morph Restoration Service
                        Restores your form to normal in case you were
                        polymorphed (for example by a potion of Chauve-Souris).
        Enchant Services
                        These will enchant weapons, arrows, or all armour
                        parts you currently have equipped.
        Mining Supply Store
                        In the hazardous city of Khazad-Dum is a store that
                        offers some goods found to be useful by the miners
                        in the mountain depths.

Shops that buy and sell items will have a price limit that they will pay for
an item a players wants to sell. The limit varies from 50,000 to 300,000 Au
depending on the shop owner. The shop owners change regularly, if a shop makes
you a bad offer (the cap price) just wait for the owner to change or visit a
different shop. Shops in different towns are run by different owners although
they may use the same number '1'..'9' and '+' for their entrance symbols.
If the item is worth more than 300,000 Au maybe you can find a fellow player
who is wealthy and in urgent need of your items.
See (5.7) for more information about ID, *ID* and shops!


Here is a list of towns and their corresponding local dungeons:

Town        |Depth/Level|   Local dungeons    | Depth/Level      |Required
            |of the town|                     | of the local     |player level
            |itself     |                     | dungeon          |for entering
------------+-----------+---------------------+------------------+------------
Bree        |   0 ft/  0|The Training Tower   | +50..+100/ 1..2  |    1
            |           |Barrow-Downs         |  50..1750/ 1..35 |    1
Gondolin    |1000 ft/ 20|Mordor               |1700..3300/34..66 |   15
Minas Anor  |2000 ft/ 40|The Paths of the Dead|2000..3500/40..70 |   20
Lothlorien  |3000 ft/ 60|Angband              |3350..6350/67..127|   30
Khazad-dum  |4000 ft/ 80|Angband              |3350..6350/67..127|   30

To enter a dungeon your character must have the displayed minimum level.
Otherwise you'll get a message like this "Suddenly you're grasped by an
uncontrollable fear".

The deeper you decend into the dungeons, the more the passing of time itself
will be slowed down to make it easier to fight very fast monsters. By the time
your character enters those depths, it should already have boosted speed so
the slowdown won't bother you but come in handy. For example if you enter
Mordor you will notice a slowdown to to approx. 1/2 standard time.

Also, there are several dungeons that aren't bound to a town. Here's a list:
Dungeon                         |   Depth/Level         | Min. required player
                                |                       |   level to enter
--------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------------
Death Fate                      |   50..  50/  1..1     |        1
The Halls of Mandos             |   50..4900/  1..98    |        1
The Orc Cave                    |  500..1150/ 10..23    |        3
Mirkwood                        |  550..1700/ 11..34    |        5
The Old Forest                  |  650..1300/ 13..26    |        5
The Helcaraxe                   | 1000..2050/ 20..41    |       10
The Sandworm lair               | 1100..1500/ 22..30    |       12
The Heart of the Earth          | 1250..1850/ 25..37    |       10
The Maze                        | 1250..1900/ 25..38    |       15
Cirith Ungol                    | 1250..2550/ 25..51    |       10
The Land Of Rhun                | 1300..2050/ 26..41    |       13
Moria                           | 1500..2500/ 30..50    |       15
The Small Water Cave            | 1600..1750/ 32..35    |       15
Submerged Ruins                 | 1750..2550/ 35..51    |       15
The Illusory Castle             | 1750..2600/ 35..52    |       10
The Sacred Land Of Mountains    | 2000..2250/ 40..45    |       20
Erebor                          | 2500..3050/ 50..61    |       35
Dol Guldur                      | 2850..3550/ 57..71    |       28
Mount Doom                      | 4250..5000/ 85..100   |       38
Nether Realm                    | 8300..9800/166..196   |       40 (*)

The official main server usually has one or several 'ironman' dungeons
(see (4.8)), their entrances (stairs) waiting to be discovered by some bold
explorers.
Such custom dungeons appear as 'wilderness' in the "Recall depths and Towns"
list, the minimum required character level to enter is usually 0.

(*) To enter the Nether Realm a player must carry the 'King'/'Queen' title,
acquired by beating Morgoth, Lord of Darkness.
Each floor in the Nether Realm gives a +2% bonus to experience from monster
kills.
The amount of experience is already very high even without the depth-bonus,
since creatures in the Nether Realm are of a very high level.



(4.6) Pits and vaults
---------------------
Usually monsters are found on their corresponding depth. You can browse the
file r_info in lib\game inside your TomeNET directory to find out which
monster occurs where. However there are some exceptions, where you can find
monsters out-of-depth, meaning that you will encounter way more powerful
enemies. That can be very dangerous but also very rewarding. Out-of-depth
monsters usually occur inside of so-called "pits" and "vaults". Pits are large
rooms, surrounded by a rectangle-shaped passage, sometimes with special
structure inside. Vaults are extremely large structures of rooms and passages,
very often surrounded by permanent walls that cannot be damaged.
A vault can be a real adventure of its own! If your character isn't very
powerful compared to the dungeon level, you better stay out of vaults if their
structure doesn't allow easy monster killing.



(4.7) Traps & Trap sets
-----------------------


About traps:
------------
At the beginning you will encounter traps that can do little damage, some will
decrease your stats temporarily, they are annoying but not a big danger.
However, later on traps will become extremely nasty and you should either get
a very high searching skill or make sure that you have staves, spells or
scrolls that can detect traps. If you encounter a dangerous trap do not try to
disarm it if you are not very sure that you can do it without setting it off.
Fighting traps will become an essential part of the gameplay later on. Vaults
will have *lots* of traps and if you haven't got superior disarming skills (or
wands of disarming / trap destruction) every single move of your character has
to be planned then! This can be especially annoying and dangerous if there are
multiplying or extremely tough monsters inside the vault. If your searching
ability is 'Heroic' or 'Legendary' you will discover most traps instantly just
by coming close to them without having to explicitely search for them.
If you look at an object that is on an already detected trap, you will be
notified about the trap by an ^ symbol in front of the item name and the trap
type appended to it in { } brackets. It looks like this:
^ A potion of Constitution {Chaos Ball Trap}


About trap sets (or trapkits):
------------------------------
The 'Trapping' skill allows a player to set up 'monster traps'.

A monster trap consists of
-a trap set
-an item (or a stack of items) to load the trap set.

Each kind of trap set requires different items serving as ammunition:
Catapult Trap Set       -       Sling ammo (fires with 2x base might).
Arrow Trap Set          -       Arrows (fires with 3x base might).
Bolt Trap Set           -       Bolts (fires with 4x base might).
Fumes Trap Set          -       Potions. The effects are very similar to the
                                effects when throwing a potion at a monster,
                                the trap will greatly increase the potion's
                                effectiveness though, by generating a thick
                                fume that envelops nearby creatues and
                                possibly gets inhaled as well.
Magic Trap Set          -       Scrolls. Even scrolls that are usually only
                                used on items might have effects on certain
                                creatures.
Device Trap Set         -       Wands/Staves/Rods.
                                The charges of wands and staves will be
                                decreased by 1 each time the trap sets off.
                                Rod-traps will have timeouts, same as the rod
                                itself.

A normal trap set can be loaded with 1 item of the according ammo.
After it went off (and is out of charges for device traps) you can pick up the
trap set to use it again.
If it was a catapult/arrow/bolt trap set you can often recover the ammunition
too, in case it didn't break. (Magic ammo and artifact ammo never break).

Trap sets can have special (ego) powers:
(prefixes:)
Automatic       - Can set off up to 99 times, with a 20% chance each time of
                  ceasing to function. Requires the according amount of ammo
                  though, if it's not a device trap set.
Fully Automatic - Sets off up to 99 times.
                  Requires the according amount of ammunition if it's not a
                  device trap set.
Well-hidden     - Makes it harder for monsters to spot the trap.
Complicated     - Trap gets an extra AC bonus, making it harder to disarm.
Obvious         - Curses the trap and makes it practically useless.
(suffixes:)
of Extra Might  - fires with +x (bonus shown in round brackets) extra might.
of Extra Shots  - fires +x (bonus shown in round brackets) extra shots/round.
for Dragons     - Only triggers against dragons. Especially hard to spot.
                  Fires extra shots.
for Demons      - Only triggers against demons. Especially hard to spot.
                  Fires extra shots.
for Animals     - Only triggers against animals. Especially hard to spot.
                  Fires extra shots.
for Undead      - Only triggers against undead. Especially hard to spot.
                  Fires extra shots. May damage or destroy ghosts.
for Evil        - Only triggers against evil. Especially hard to spot.
                  Fires extra shots. May damage or destroy ghosts.

If monsters notice a trap they can try to disarm it. Armour class of a trap
makes it harder for monsters to disarm the trap. Trap sets and ammo that were
disarmed by a monster cannot be recovered.

You can disarm your own traps to get back the trap set (and ammunition).



(4.8) Level & vault feelings, Jail, Ironman
-------------------------------------------
Levels:
-------
Sometimes if you enter a new dungeon level your character will have a special
feeling about it, displayed in orange text.
The feelings are as follows:

"You feel an imminent danger!" ->   This dungeon level is *way* higher than
                                    your character level.

"You feel a suppressive air." ->    You cannot use wraith form or probability
                                    travel on this level.
                                    (NO_MAGIC, +10% experience bonus!)

"The air seems distorted." ->       You cannot use genocide on this level!
(formerly 'feeling of peace')       (NO_GENO, +5% experience bonus!)

"You lose all sense of direction..." -> You won't be able to auto-map this
                                        dungeon, meaning that you won't
                                        remember the dungeon layout.
                                        You can only see your nearby
                                        surroundings within your character's
                                        line of sight.
                                        (NO_MAP, +15% experience bonus!)

"You feel like a stranger..." ->    You cannot use magic mapping nor
                                    clairvoyance here!
                                    (NO_MAGIC_MAP, +10% experience bonus!)

"The walls here seem very solid." ->    You cannot destroy the dungeon
                                        structure on this level.
                                        (NO_DESTROY, +5% experience bonus!)

"You feel that your life hangs in the balance!" ->      ** Extremely dangerous
                                        to normal/everlasting players! **
                                        This only occurs on a level where
                                        Morgoth, Lord of Darkness resides,
                                        grasping the area with his untamable
                                        will to destroy.
                                        Players who die on this level will be
                                        completely extinguished and not even
                                        their ghost will survive! Everlasting,
                                        normal and hard-mode players will die
                                        the same way as unworldly and hellish
                                        ones!

"You don't sense a magic barrier here..." ->   This message only occurs in
                                        Ironman or no-recall dungeons/towers.
                                        It lets you know that you may use
                                        word-of-recall on this floor!

In addition to those orange level specialties, there are more feelings you
may get about the danger a level poses. Those only appear if you spent some
time (usually a few minutes) on the dungeon level you were coming from, so
they won't be helpful while stair-scumming or probability-travelling quickly.
The number telling you the current floor's depth in the bottom right corner of
the main window will turn light blue when you spent enough time on your current
floor to receive an extra feeling on entering the next floor.
These extra level feelings (displayed in yellow) are:

  "What a terrifying place.."
      means a) there's a highly ood monster or
      b) a great vault and some ood monster on the level.

  "You sense an air of danger.."
      means there's a freely roaming (*) ood monster on the level,
      and also the level has a vault on it somewhere.

  "Feels somewhat dangerous around here.."
      means there's a vault or a rather dangerous monster pit or nest
      on the level.

  "There's a sensation of challenge.."
      means there's a freely roaming (*) slightly ood monster on the level.

  "There's a special feeling about this place.."
      means there's a unique monster on the level.

  "What a boring place.."
      means nothing of the above apply to this level.

(*) "freely roaming" means that the monster isn't generated inside a vault.

Note that you will only get one, ie the strongest of these feelings applying
to your dungeon level, meaning feelings higher up the list will take precedence
over those below.
Also, the feeling of a dungeon level will persist, even if its cause is
removed. For example if the feeling indicates an OOD monster and you kill it,
you or following players entering that floor will still get that same feeling.


Vaults:
-------
Vaults can also bear a very dangerous feature that is displayed as dark grey
feeling as soon as you are about to enter the vault:
"The air in here feels very still." ->  Means that you cannot use any type of
                                        teleportation, including word-of-
                                        recall while inside the vault. Beware!
                                        Further, Wraith Form and probability
                                        travel won't work either!
                                        The fact that you are standing within
                                        a no-tele area is also indicated by
                                        your (xx, yy) position display on the
                                        lower left area of the main window
                                        turning from light green to dark grey!
As soon as you leave such a no-teleport-vault you'll receive this feeling:
"Fresh air greets you as you leave the vault."



(4.9) Navigating on maps
------------------------
The world map is divided into 64 x 64 world map sectors. Each of these sectors
contains 5 x 5 smaller subsectors (screens). Dungeon levels or tower floors
also can have up to 5 x 5 subsectors, same as 1 world map sector. (Use 'L' key
to look around your current worldmap sector/dungeon level, and you will see
the subsector coordinates displayed at the top line.)
Monsters cannot cross world map sector borders! Keep this in mind while
travelling, it might save your life.

Note that dungeon/tower levels are often smaller than 5 x 5 subsectors,
sometimes even just as small as 2 x 2.
While you are looking around with 'L' key, the current map sector is displayed
in the top left corner of the screen. This information can help other players
to find you in case you need help!

You can press 'M' to invoke a map that gives you a larger overview.
If you press 'M' in a dungeon, tower or a town, you'll see the complete 4 x 4
sectors. If you invoke the map while you're in the wilderness outside of towns,
you will see a part of the 64 x 64 world map, centered around your current
world map sector, displaying towns (yellow T), the sea (blue %), mountains (^)
and other information.

In the main window around the very bottom left corner you will see two numbers
separated by a komma, these tell you your current world map sector.
In case you're currently in a town, the town's name will be displayed in the
bottom right corner of the screen.
(You can also see your coordinates by invoking the character screen with 'C'.)

If you're in a dungeon or tower, you will see your current depth/height in
feet. Each dungeon level or tower floor has a height of 50 feet.
Example: If it shows '-550ft' that means you've descended to the 11th level
of the dungeon. The deeper you go, the more nasty monsters will show up.
Negative depths in dungeons and positive heights in towers mean identical
monster difficulties. Example: In Bree there's a tower and a dungeon. In the
2nd tower floor on 100ft you will usually find the same monsters as in the
dungeon on level -100ft (2nd dungeon level).



(4.10) Houses
-------------
There are two types of houses, private houses and (very few) public houses.
Public houses have walls of slate colour, while private houses have white
walls. Public houses always have a light brown house door and can be entered
by anyone, they cannot be bought.

Private houses can actually be bought by a player, and their access can be
configured for example to allow everyone in your party to enter it.
Press 'h' to buy or sell a private house, or to change house parameters (for
example giving all your party members access to it). You need to stand directly
next to the house door to do this.
The door colour of private houses will indicate the door permissions,
ie which players may access it:

-a light brown house door indicates that the house is currently unowned
 (so you can buy it if you have sufficient funds).

-a light green house door indicates that you are the owner.

-a grey door indicates that this house is already owned by someone and you
 don't have access to it.

-a light blue door indicates that you may access this house because it's set
 to party access for your party.

-a violet door indicates that you may access this house because you're in the
 same guild as the owner, ie the house is set to 'guild access'.
 (Note: Guild access is currently disabled.)

-a yellow door indicates that you will have access to this house, as soon as
 your level matches the level restriction set by its owner.

Houses with party access allow further restrictions. Those are:

-a white door indicates that the door has a race and/or class restriction,
 and you may access it because you match the race/class of the owner.
-an orange door indicates that you don't match a race/class restriction.

-a light red door indicates that access is restricted to either winners
 (Kings/Queens/Emperors/Empresses) or to fallen winners (winners who died and
 thus lost their title), and you may access it because you match the condition.
-a red door means that you fail to match above restriction.

-a dark grey door means that this house may only be accessed by no-ghost
 characters, that means either unworldly or hellish.

If you forgot which houses you own, type ~6 or use the /houses command to see a
list of your houses.
The house owner can always access his house and cannot lock himself out by
setting restrictions. The door will always be displayed light green to him.

Note: The colour of house walls and doors are affected by day/night, so in the
night the colours will not be accurate but darker, until you come close enough
that the door is within your lamp's light radius.

WARNING:
Items on the floor within a house don't form piles! If you drop too many
items and space in the house runs out the dropped item may just disappear!



(4.11)  Malicious effects players can suffer
--------------------------------------------
The player can suffer from various effects caused by monsters, traps or
himself. Against several of these effects the 'Saving Throw' ability helps
to decide whether it will be resisted or not (especially true for effects
that are cast by monsters on the player).
The various effects are:

For 'Fear', 'Blindness', 'Confusion' and 'Paralysis' - please see (5.6).

Hunger  -Gorged         Your speed gets reduced by 10.
        -Full           While being /afk in 'Full' state or in normal state
                        (normal = no food state is displayed, the 'Full'
                        disappeared), your digestion will be stopped, allowing
                        you to remain afk as long as you wish.
        -Hungry
        -Weak (yellow)
        -Weak (orange)
        -Weak (red)     You lose hit points and get paralyzed even with FA.
         (starving)     If you hit a bowel cramps trap, you instantly enter
                        this nutrition state. 'Slow Digestion' will help to
                        not get insta-paralyzed!
        You will regenerate hit points slower if you are weak, and not at
        all if you are starving (red 'Weak').

Slowdown        Monsters can cast spells or breathe (inertia, gravity) to slow
                the player down. This effect is temporary. 'Free Action' helps
                a bit to reduce the effect from inertia breath.

Stun    -Stun           Reduces to-hit and to-dam.
                        Reduces your martial arts damage (because you cannot
                        perform MA special styles while stunned).
                        Reduces chance for successful spell-casting.
                        Prevents you from intercepting a monster (see (6.2)
                        'Interception' skill).
        -Heavy stun     Greatly reduces to-hit and to-dam.
                        Reduces your martial arts damage (because you cannot
                        perform MA special styles while stunned).
                        Greatly reduces chance for successful spell-casting.
        -Knocked out    You cannot perform any action while knocked out,
                        it leaves your character completely helpless.
                        Beware! High AC helps to prevent it, see (5.11).
                        Note that AC only helps against melee-based stun
                        (most famous monster is probably "The Stormbringer"),
                        while stun from sound attacks can only be prevented
                        by having sound resistance.

Cut                     Cuts will make you lose HP continuously.
(Graze, Light cut, Bad cut, Nasty cut, Severe cut, Deep gash, Mortal wound)

Poison  -Poisoned       The player will continuously lose Hit Points.
                        Resisting poison will prevent the player from getting
                        poisoned (compare (5.6)).



(4.12)  Malicious effects monsters can suffer
---------------------------------------------
Monsters can be affected by similar effects as players.
Those are:

Fear, blindness, confusion, sleep, slowing, and stun.

Fear is a temporary effect, causing the monster to flee. Many monsters turn
        afraid if their hit points drop very low. Wears off after a while.
Blindness and confusion are currently the same thing, resulting in erratic
        movements and being unable to cast spells or attack. Usually only
        low level monsters are prone to these.
        They are temporary effects that wear off after a while.
Sleep is especially nice if it's cast as an area effect. Gets you out of
        trouble, although most higher monsters are immune to it.
        Monsters will wake up after a while, depending on your stealth.
        Sleep effects are NOT cumulative.
Slowing on monsters is currently a permanent effect. Very effective, although
        many higher monsters are immune to it. Also, it is currently
        cumulative (subject to change) and can be applied several times,
        although monsters might resist.
Stun    Stun can be caused by special martial art attacks among other things.
        Stunned monsters have a harder time to successfully cast spells or hit
        you in melee combat. Also monsters cannot interfere with your actions
        while they are stunned. Many monsters are immune to stun, but also
        many monsters - even of high level - are not.
        Monsters can also be heavily stunned or knocked out, same as players.
        Stun is temporary and will wear off, if no new stun effect is applied.



(4.13) Quests and Global Events
-------------------------------
Your character will have uncounted opportunities to participate in quests and
events. While some events might be run by server admins or even fellow players
and depend on their mood and spare time, other events are created by the game
independent of admin intervention.

Here is a list of currently implemented automatic quests and events:


Quests
------
Kill quest
    To receive a kill quest, visit the major in the town hall (one of the '+'
    doors in town), or simply type "/quest" in the chat.
    There is a certain time limit which is in most cases easily sufficient
    though, especially if you have the according ESP ability.
    If you fulfil the kill quest you received, you will be rewarded with a
    good or great item, depending on the difficulty (monster level) and chance.
    If you fail to complete your quest, the quest will be dropped and you can
    just get a new one if you want to. There is no penalty.


Events (use /geinfo and /gesign commands to get information and to sign up)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Highlander Tournament
    This is an event rather than a quest. When you see a message, announcing
    a Highlander Tournament, type "/geinfo" in the chat to find out more, and
    use "/gesign" followed by the event number to sign up for participation.
    It's a deathmatch with 10 minutes of preparation time, and only newly
    created characters with 0 experience may join it.
    The winner will receive a deed that can be 'r'ead, and turned in at Bree's
    Mayor Office for either an item that fits the needs of the character (it
    checks which skills you have trained to determine the item), or the deed
    can be turned in for a temporary luck boost. Usually you will want the
    item. However, you can trade the deed to someone else, who can then go and
    redeem it for luck for that character of his.
    All losers will also receive a deed on the next character they log in with
    which can be turned in for a small temporary luck bonus.

Arena Monster Challenge
    The wizards of Arena Monster Challenge (tm) have prepared a spectacular
    event on the top floor of Bree's training tower, which will allow any Joe
    and Jane to experience top-notch fights against creatures that usually
    pose leathal threat. In this illusonary arena, players will experience
    a fight that seems absolutely real, but they won't suffer any
    consequences if they lose, ie 'die'. Test your might against any foe you
    always wanted to challenge but never dared in real dungeoneer's life!
    It's also possible to challenge ego monsters (such as veteran archers or
    holy animals). The arena corners are safe zones and allow for spectating.
    Note that you cannot die or suffer various hazardous effects in the arena,
    and monsters cannot summon. Hint: If you want to spice a monster up, try
    the /scream command while it's in your line of sight.
    Note: Be careful about monsters that can disarm you. If your weapon drops
    to the floor right the moment the event finally ends, you will lose it
    because everyone gets teleported to town automatically and the arena is
    removed (and your weapon with it).



(5) Item and monster details
============================

(5.1) Melee weapons, brands
---------------------------
One of TomeNET's features is the "auto-retaliator". This means, if an enemy
enters a field that is adjacent to you, you will automatically attack the foe
with your equipped melee weapon. This is helpful against lags as well as for
preventing RSI (Repetitive Strain Injury ;).

Melee weapons have at least three stats, it's 'damage dice', 'to-hit' and
'to-damage'. 'To-hit' helps you actually not miss an enemy, 'to-dam' increases
the damage. The 'damage dice' shows how many dice are added to calculate the
random damage you inflict on an enemy as you hit!

Example:  Broad Sword (2d5) (+3,+4)
This means, your chance to hit is a bit increased (+3) and you will inflict
a damage of: 2 dice with 5 sides each, to the result +4 is added.
So the damage you inflict will randomly vary from 6 (1+1+4) up to 14 (5+5+4)
meaning that you do an average damage of 10 per hit with that weapon
([6+14]/2 = 10).

A very important thing about melee weapons is that, depending on your strength
and dexterity as well as the weight of your melee weapon, you might be able to
deliver more than just one blow per round with it!
For example a warrior might be able to swing his "Broad Sword (2d5) (+0,+0)"
one time per round, delivering 2*(1..5) damage. The 'd' means dice, so it's
like throwing 2 dice with 5 sides each and adding their values to estimate the
damage you inflicted on the victim. Now if that warrior equips a light whip
which weighs only 3 pounds (the broad sword weighs 15 pounds) he might get 2
or even 3 swings per round! Since a whip does 1d6 damage, he would deal
(assumed he got 2 hits) 2* 1*(1..6) damage, which in total is more damage per
round than he would deliver using the broad sword! Let's compare what happens
if the warrior magically enchants the damage of both weapons, using "Scrolls
of Enchant Weapon To-Dam" (these scrolls can be bought in shop '5').
One of these scrolls can enchant a weapon so one extra point is added to the
damage dice after they have been added. If we manage to enchant the damage of
the broad sword 9 times, the weapon will look like this:
"Broad Sword (2d5) (+0,+9)"
That means after 2 dice with 5 sides each have been added up, there will be
further 9 points of damage added to the result!

Broad Sword 2d5 (+0,+9) 1 blow per round  -->  1* [ 2*(1..5) + 9 ] damage
  -->  2*((1+5)/2) + 9 average damage which is 15 per round.

Whip 1d6 (+0,+9) 2 blows per round  -->  2* [ 1*(1..6) + 9 ] damage
  -->  2* [ 1*(3,5) +9 ]  -->  2*12,5 = 25 damage per round!
       Far more than with the broad sword.

As you can see, the additional damage caused by enchantment will
be added to the dice result.

If you manage to get your hands on an item that imbues your melee weapon with
an elemental brand (like a Ring Of Ice for example), the dice of your weapon
will be multiplied by 2 if the target doesn't resist that brand.
See (5.3) to get an easy overview.

Characters using weapons have a limited number of melee attacks per round,
depending on the character class . A table showing the blows/round limits
is at section (6.5).

There are four different classes of melee weapons,
swords/daggers, blunt weapons, axes, polearms.
You may examine a weapon by pressing 'I' to see its base class.
Those again are divided into four sub-classes each:
Single-handed, forced two-handed, should-be-wielded-two-handed,
may-be-wielded-two-handed. If you examine ('I') a weapon, it will tell you if
it belongs to one of the latter three sub-classes:
"It must be wielded two-handed" (MUST2H)
"It should be wielded two-handed" (SHOULD2H)
"It may be wielded two-handed" (COULD2H)

While smaller melee weapons require only 1 hand to use them, some larger
weapons need 2 hands. Using a shield together with those is not possible.
Some larger weapons that should be used two-handed can also be used
single-handed, but you will receive penalties to to-hit and to-dam bonus if
you use it that way. Look at your character screen ('C') to compare the
to-hit/to-dam boni and see if it's worth it. You'll see a warning message
"You find it hard to fight with your weapon and shield.".

Medium weapons which 'may' be used two-handed won't give malus if used
single-handed, but you might get more blows per round if you wield them with
both hands! Again check your character screen ('C') to spot any difference.
You'll see "Without shield, your weapon feels especially easy to swing.".
Depending on weapon weight, your strength and your dexterity, sometimes you
get more blows/round from it, sometimes you don't.

If you try to wield a weapon that is too heavy for your character, meaning
your 'STRength' stat isn't high enough yet, you'll get a warning message:
"You have trouble wielding such a heavy weapon".
This means you won't get any benefits from your 'Weaponmastery' skill, nor
any extra blows per round at all, instead you'll be stuck with 1 blow/round.
Also, you'll be more prone to disarming attacks.

Similar is possible for shields. If you try to use a shield which is too heavy
for you, you'll get another warning message:
"You have trouble wielding such a heavy shield".
That means you will hardly be able to deflect anything, and also you'll get
less Armour Class increase from it than it usually provides. Even if your
shield has magical reflection ability, you won't be able to utilize it.

Depending on your server settings, your character might have a chance to parry
attacks with his weapon and block attacks with his shield, provided he uses
one. For more details about class-specific ability to utilize weapons and
shields for parrying and blocking, see (6.5), for more details about parrying
and blocking in general see (6.11).
In general, the bigger a weapon the more you may parry, while the bigger a
shield the more you will block!
Last but not least, training "Weaponmastery" skill will also increase your
parry chance a good deal.



(5.2) Ranged Weapons, brands
----------------------------
Ranged weapons are not to be underestimated, they can be very powerful.
Especially characters with low Hit Points will love them since approaching
hordes can be killed at a distance or at least driven back, so they won't come
close and hit the player with devastating blows. It is recommended that you
equip a ranged weapon as soon as possible, and enchant its 'to-damage' to at
least +7 !

Ranged weapons have to-hit and to-dam like melee weapons, but instead of
dice they have a 'multiplier'.

Example:  Ranged weapon is:  Long Bow (x3) (+0,+5)
          Ammunition is:     65 Arrows (1d4) (+0,+2)
If you shoot an arrow, it will inflict
( 1d4 +2 +5 ) * 3 damage on the victim. The dice of the arrow varies from 1
up to 4, so we can do a damage of 24 up to 33, so the average damage is 28,5.
We can see here that ranged weapons can do a lot of damage :)

Ranged weapons will be placed in equipment slot 'c)'. After you equipped one,
you need to also equip ammunition that will be used. For example if you use a
long bow, you need to fill your quiver with some arrows. (w)ield the arrows,
and they will be placed into equipment slot 'm)', the ammo slot.
A macro that shoots at the target closest to you, looks like this:  f*t
Explanation in case you really want to know: f means fire, * means entering
targetting mode and choosing nearest target, t means exiting target mode and
remember currently selected target.
To automatically pick up your arrows simply inscribe them:  !=
Ranged weapons can also auto-retaliate, that means you will fire automatically
at targets on sight. To make your ranged weapon behave like that, inscribe the
bow or ammunition:  @O  (the letter 'O').
However, auto-retaliating with a ranged weapon works only if the enemy stands
on an adjacent field, so use 'fire-till-kill' mode in general!

The dice of ammunition are also effected by brands and slays same as normal 
weapons but the additional damage is reduced to 2/5.
Example: Ring of Acid will usually add 1x your melee base damage (dice).
For ranged weapons it will add 1*2/5x of your base damage, so multiply your
base damage by 1.4 instead of by 3 to get your total damage output.
See (5.3) to get an easy overview.

If you try to wield a ranged weapon that is too heavy for your character,
meaning your 'STRength' stat isn't high enough yet, you'll get a warning
message:
"You have trouble wielding such a heavy bow".
That means you'll get neither any benefits from your 'Archery' skill nor from
any particular ranged mastery (extra shots!) at all when using that weapon.


(5.2a)  Fire-till-kill mode
----------------------------
Accessible via 'm' key, you can switch 'fire-till-kill' mode on or off.
While enabled, your character will keep firing a ranged weapon once you
initiated the first shot until the target either dies or direct firing at it
becomes impossible/obstructed for any reason.
The main use besides making ranged weapon usage more relaxed is that you are
able to single out enemies you want to kill of big monster packs such as
escorts.



(5.3) Slaying vs brands
-----------------------
If you use a weapon that slays trolls, that means its dice will be doubled if
you hit a troll ('T'). If you have an item that gives fire brand, the dice
would also be doubled by the brand. Slaying and brands are not cumulative.
That means you will get a total dice multiplier of 2 here.
Brands don't stack. The best one is taken. So if you wear a ring of fire and
your weapon does cold damage the dice will be multiplied by 2 if the target
doesn't resist both heat and cold. If the target is susceptible to one of
those the dice are multiplied by 4. Same goes for SLAY flags.

Combat Type | Dice multiplier for brands (fire/cold/acid/lightning/poison)
            | Monster..
            | ..is immune   | ..resists | ..doesn't resist  | ..is susceptible
------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------
Melee Weapon|       1             2               2                   4
Ranged Weap.|       1             1.4             1.4                 2.2
Martial Arts|       1             1.33            1.33                2

Slaying     | Dice multiplier | Description
------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------
Slay Animal |       2         | It is esp. deadly against natural creatures.
Slay Giant  |       2         | It is especially deadly against giants.
Slay Undead |       2         | It strikes at undead with holy wrath.
Slay Troll  |       2         | It is especially deadly against trolls.
Slay Orc    |       2         | It is especially deadly against orcs.
Slay Dragon |       2         | It is especially deadly against dragons.
Slay Demon  |       2         | It strikes at undead with holy wrath.
Slay Evil   |       2         | It fights against evil with holy fury.
Kill Undead |       3         | It is a great bane of undead.
Kill Dragon |       3         | It is a great bane of dragons.
Kill Demon  |       3         | It is a great bane of demons.

Giants, Undead, Trolls, Orcs, Dragons, Demons are all 'Evil'.

If several multipliers match the highest one will be used.



(5.4) Martial Arts, brands
--------------------------
The "auto-retaliator" (see 5.1) also works if you fight bare-handed.

Training Martial Arts will give you..
-a bonus to-hit and to-dam.
-special combat moves which your character will use automatically.
 These moves do a lot of extra damage and often additionally stun or slow
 your opponent.
-special abilities and resistances (like Free Action, see (6.2) for details).
-extra speed and stealth bonus.
-extra AC bonus for each part of armour that is NOT worn.
 Increasing your martial arts skill lets you wear light and even medium armour
 and still benefit from its AC.
-a chance to grab your enemies to prevent them from casting or teleporting.
 (This chance adds to your interception skill.)

However, to use the full potential of martial arts you will need to take care
of several points..
-a very light backpack will give martial artists a small additional speed and
 stealth bonus. (No warning message here.)
-a very heavy backpack will nullify the abilities and resistances,
 as well as the speed and stealth bonus! You will see a red warning message,
 telling you about weight encumberment:
 "You can't move freely due to your backpack weight."
-using too heavy armour will cut your number of blows per round to half, and
 nullify your to-hit, to-dam, speed and stealth bonus from MA.
-using a melee or ranged weapon or carrying a very heavy backpack will nullify
 the AC bonus from martial arts, and greatly reduce your number of blows per
 round.
-using a melee or ranged weapon or a shield will nullify the special combat
 styles, reducing your damage.
-using a melee or ranged weapon or a shield or wearing too heavy armour will
 reduce additional interception bonus gained from Martial Arts skill to zero.
-using a heavy shield, melee or ranged weapon will nullify your speed and
 stealth bonus.

The backpack weight limit includes the weight of your equipment and is
depending on your strength and martial arts skill. It is
(str_wgt * 2.0 lb) + (str_wgt * rounddown(skill * 0.12 lb)).

Here's a table to tell you the values for str_wgt:
(Warning message is: "You can't move freely due to your backpack weight.")

        str_wgt     STRength of             str_wgt     STRength of
                    the character                       the character
        -------------------------           -------------------------
        5           3                       16          14
        6           4                       17          15
        7           5                       18          16
        8           6                       19          17
        9           7                       20          18/00-18/09
        10          8                       22          18/10-18/19
        11          9                       24          18/20-18/29
        12          10                      26          18/30-18/39
        13          11                      28          18/40-18/49
        14          12                      30          18/50-18/220+
        15          13                      

The armour weight limit is 5.0 lb + Martial Arts skill level * 0.4 lb.
So for MA 50 it is 5.0 + 20.0 = 25.0 lb.
If your armour becomes too heavy, you will see this warning message:
"Your armour weight strains your martial arts performance."


Here's a table, for those who prefer this view:

Equipment/inventory  | +hit/dam  abilities  styles  spd/stl  +AC  grab  blows
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Light backpack       |                                 +
Heavy backpack       |               0                 0      0           0
Heavy armour         |     0                           0           0     50%
Any melee weapon     |                        0               0    0      0
Any ranged weapon    |                        0               0    0      0
Any shield           |                        0                    0
Heavy shield/weapons |                                 0


Martial Arts special combat moves have certain dice, similar to normal
weapons. These dice are also effected by brands and slays same as normal 
weapons but the additional damage is reduced to 1/3.
Example: Ring of Acid will usually add 1x your base damage.
For MA it will add 1/3x of your base damage, so multiply your base damage
by 1.33 instead of by 2 to get your total damage output.
See (5.3) to get an easy overview.

You cannot use special moves while stunned or confused.

Here is a list of Martial Arts special moves:
A move is picked randomly, then used if random(1..MA_Skill)>chance.
If the chance fails, another move is picked.
There are MA_Skill / 7 tries to find a move, otherwise you will hit
without a special move. There is always at least 1 try to pick a
move.

Move             |   Min.level   |   Chance  |   Damage dice |   Effects
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Punch                    1               0          1d4             -
Kick                     2               0          1d6             -
Strike                   3               0          1d7             -
Knee                     5               5          2d3         Stunning &
                                                               increase chance
                                                                to stun again
Elbow                    7               5          1d8             -
Butt                     9              10          2d5             -
Kick                    11              10          2d5         Slowing (PvM)
Uppercut                13              12          4d3         Stunning
Double-kick             16              15          4d4             -
Cat's Claw              20              20          6d3             -
Jump Kick               25              25          3d9         Stunning
Eagle's Claw            29              25          7d4             -
Circle Kick             33              30          4d9             -
Iron Fist               37              35          6d6         Stunning
Flying Kick             41              35          5d8             -
Dragon Fist             45              35          6d8         Stunning
Crushing Blow           48              35          8d7         Stunning
For winners, ie kings/queens only:
Titan's Fist            48              50          8d5         Stunning
Phoenix Claw            48              50          5d9         Slowing (PvM)


Depending on your MA skill, you have a fixed number of barehanded attacks
per round, independent of your character class, your strength or your
dexterity (unlike characters that use weapons):
(The attack number can be increased further by items like rings of extra
attacks or by magical influence like priest prayer 'Zeal'.)
Note that EA effects (like EA ring or Zeal prayer) won't work on characters
who fight barehanded without having Martial Arts skill at 01.000 or higher!

Martial Arts skill level        Attacks per round
-------------------------------------------------
             1                          2
            10                          3
            20                          4
            30                          5
            40                          6
            45                          7
            50                          8


Martial Arts users have a higher risk of being infected with Black Breath
from high undead monsters than weapon-users.
Also, they have a high risk of being badly cut if a monster uses a disarming
attack against them.



(5.5) Weight of weapons and armour
----------------------------------
Weight of items in your inventory or equipment can have great effect on
martial artists. If you use martial arts, also see (5.4) for more information.

Even if you're not using martial arts, there are certain types of encumberment
which may affect your character:


Weapon weight
-------------
If your melee weapon or ranged weapon is too heavy you will hardly be able
to use it, resulting in reduced attack number per round and less damage.
You will get the message "You have trouble wielding such a heavy weapon/bow"
and probably your blows will drop to 1 and tohit/todam go near to zero.
A weapon is too heavy for you if its weight is greater than the so-called
str_hold value. Below is a table with the str_hold values, depending on a
character's strength:

        str_hold    STRength of             str_hold    STRength of
                    the character                       the character
        -------------------------           -------------------------
        4           3                       45          18/40-18/49
        5           4                       50          18/50-18/59
        6           5                       55          18/60-18/69
        7           6                       60          18/70-18/79
        8           7                       65          18/80-18/89
        10          8                       70          18/90-18/99
        12          9                       80          18/100-18/109
        14          10                      80          18/110-18/119
        16          11                      80          18/120-18/129
        18          12                      80          18/130-18/139
        20          13                      80          18/140-18/149
        22          14                      90          18/150-18/159
        24          15                      90          18/160-18/169
        26          16                      90          18/170-18/179
        28          17                      90          18/180-18/189
        30          18/00-18/09             90          18/190-18/199
        30          18/10-18/19             100         18/200-18/209
        35          18/20-18/29             100         18/210-18/219
        40          18/30-18/39             100         18/220+


Armour weight (concerning magic)
--------------------------------
Wearing armour which is too bulky gives you this message:
"The weight of your armour strains your spellcasting."
That means your mana will be (severely) reduced from the bulkiness of your
armour. To counter this effect, train your 'Combat' skill.
To cast freely, you may wear 15.0 to 30.0 lbs of armour (depending on your
class and hence the type of magic you utilize) plus your combat skill (in
0.3 lbs). Here is a table illustrating the values:

Adventurer    21.0 lb
Warrior       -
Istar         15.0 lb
Priest        25.0 lb
Rogue         20.0 lb
Mimic         28.0 lb
Archer        -
Paladin       30.0 lb
Ranger        22.0 lb
Druid         20.0 lb
Shaman        17.0 lb
Runemaster    23.0 lb
Mindcrafter   26.0 lb (and will get penalty for head gear heavier than 4.0 lb)

So 50 points in 'Combat' would allow a paladin to wear 30.0 + 15.0 =
45.0 lbs of armour parts without receiving mana penalty from being encumbered.
In general, praying is the easiest-to-use form of magic, and weaving spells
the most difficult one.
Your total armour weight is the sum of the weight of any armour pieces worn
on head (helmet), body, hands, feet, and your cloak. Note that the weight of
a possibly equipped shield does not matter here (experimental).


Armour weight (concerning combat)
---------------------------------
Wearing armour which is too heavy for you will reduce your to-hit bonus and
speed bonus from 'Sneakiness' skill.
You will receieve a warning message, telling you:
"The weight of your armour encumbers your movement."
To move freely, you may wear 10.0 lbs of armoury plus a strength-factor plus
6 * your combat skill. Strength factor is 0.6 * str_hold (see table above to
find your str_hold). So the top weight limit is
10.0 + 0.6 * 50 (combat) + 0.6 * 100 (str_hold) = 100.0 lbs.

Some special abilities depend on armour weight too. Those are..
-dodge chance from 'Dodging' skill.
-critical hit bonus from 'Critical-strike' skill.
-extra parry bonus from dual-wielding two weapons. (Also see (6.11).)
-extra blow/round bonus from dual-wielding two weapons.
-area searching for the 'Rogue' class (exclusive ability).
-cloaking mode for the 'Rogue' class (exclusive ability).
If the armour becomes too heavy to perform those, a message will appear:
"The weight of your armour strains your flexibility and awareness."
The weight limit is 20.0 + (Combat skill / 10) lbs.


Glove encumberment (concerning magic)
-------------------------------------
Wearing gloves as a sorceror may reduce your maximum mana points if they are
not magically enchanted, such as:
Providing 'Free Action' / increasing your mana / increasing your dexterity.
You will receive a warning message, saying:
"Your covered hands feel unsuitable for spellcasting."


Also see (3.2) at the end of the chapter, for information about the
'Encumberment status line'.


Very heavy armour and/or heavy items in your inventory may also slow you down
(slightly reduce your moving speed) if your STRength isn't very great.



(5.6) Resistances & caps, Immunities, Susceptibilities
------------------------------------------------------

Resistances & caps
------------------
Several monsters or traps can cause elemental attacks on you. These attacks
can deliver very high damage if you do not 'resist' the specific attack type.
Those 'resistances' become very important in deeper dungeons where many
monsters are able to breathe on you with devastating power.

Permanent resistances (for example if you wear a ring and an armor that both
give fire resistance) will not stack. So one item is suffient for each
resistance. There is no difference if it's a helmet or an armour.
However, a temporary resistance (by potion or spell) and a permanent
resistance can stack. That means if you quaff a 'potion of resist heat'
(temporary resistance) and wear an armour of fire resistance (permanent
resistance) fire attacks will do only 1/3 * 1/3 = 1/9 of the original damage.
This is known as 'double resistance'.
For more information on resistance/ability stacking see (5.17).

For all attacks the following way of how the final damage is calculated
applies:
If a monster breathes, that attack often has a damage potential of 1/3 of
the monster's hit points.
This 'raw' damage will now be capped at a maximum value that varies for the
different types of attacks.
If you 'resist' that attack, the damage will be cut to further 1/3 (this
value varies for the different types of attacks).

Example:
An Ancient Red Dragon breathes fire.
It has 1500 HP. The fire breath would do approx. 500 damage.
The damage cap for fire attacks is 1200. So the value of 500 remains.
Let's assume that your character resists fire. The damage will be cut down
to 1/3 now, leaving 170 damage.
Example 2:
A Great Hell Wyrm :) breathes fire.
It has 5000 HP. The fire breath would do approx. 1700 damage.
Since 1700 is greater than the cap (1200) it becomes 1200.
Let's assume your character resists fire. The damage will be cut down to 1/3,
leaving approx. 400 damage.


Overview:
Breath damage is capped, the number is given in the corresponding description.
Bolts and balls are only capped by the general magic damage cap of 1600.
Their damage maximum depends on the level of the casting monster as the
formulas show. The total maximum damage a magical attack can do in TomeNET,
assumed that the target is NOT susceptible, is 1600. This is the general
damage cap for all magical attacks (breath/bolt/ball/cloud/beam/wall/..).
Keep in mind that susceptibility may still double that damage though!


There are four so-called 'basic resistances'. These are
-------------------------------------------------------
Fire/Heat               These attacks can burn items in your inventory.
                        They can also damage your equipment.
                        Without resistance it can reduce your strength.
                        Fire immunity allows you to travel over lava without
                        you or your inventory getting harmed.
                        Fire bolts do (level/3)+(9d8) damage.
                        Fire balls do (level*7/2)+10 damage.
                        Fire breaths do HP / 3 damage, capping at 1200.
                        Immunity or double resistance protects items in your
                        inventory from getting harmed (5.10).
Frost/Cold              These attacks can shatter potions.
                        Without resistance it can reduce your strength.
                        Frost bolts do (level/3)+(6d8) damage.
                        Cold balls do (level*2)+10 damage.
                        Cold breaths do HP / 3 damage, capping at 1200.
                        Immunity or double resistance protects items in your
                        inventory from getting harmed (5.10).
Lightning/Electricity   These attacks can destroy rings, damage amulets
                        (reducing their (+X) bonus pval) and discharge magic
                        devices, draining their charges (or energy in case of
                        rods).
                        Without resistance it can reduce your dexterity.
                        Lightning bolts do (level/3)+(4d8) damage.
                        Lightning balls do (level*3/2)+8 damage.
                        Lightning breaths do HP / 3 damage, capping at 1200.
                        Immunity or double resistance protects items in your
                        inventory from getting harmed (5.10).
Acid                    These attacks can destroy items in your inventory.
                        They can also damage your equipment.
                        Without resistance it can reduce your charisma.
                        Acid bolts do (level/3)+(7d8) damage.
                        Acid balls do (level*3)+15 damage.
                        Acid breaths do HP / 3 damage, capping at 1200.
                        Immunity or double resistance protects items in your
                        inventory from getting harmed (5.10).

Note: Equipment is mostly safe, except that some weapons and shields can take
damage from coming in contact with fire, acid or water, depending on the item
type. Also, armour can be damaged by fire, acid or water, depending on its
material.
Items which ignore an element, resist it, or even provide immunity against it
are unaffected by any attack of that type and won't take damage.
Taking damage means that weapons will lose +dam enchantment, and shields or
armour  will lose +AC enchantment, so you can repair them again by reenchanting
them.
If your character resists a specific element, the chance of any item getting
damaged by it is reduced. Having double resistance will reduce it much further
even.
Note that double resistance will completely prevent any inventory damage from
the elements; this is especially important for characters who carry a lot of
potions that they don't want to get destroyed by cold-based attacks.
If your character is immune to an element (see further down), that  will
completely prevent any sort of damage from that particular element for any item
you carry, wield or wear.
All artifacts are completely immune to any elemental damage.

Breath damage before capping is monster HP/3. Damage of these attacks is capped
at 1200 (always before resistances are applied).
If you resist them, the damage will be cut to 1/3. If you are susceptible to
them, like Ents to fire, you will take twice the damage! This also applies for
aura attacks like hitting someone who wears a cloak of immolation.
To prevent side-effects of the attacks on your inventory from occurring you
will need the according immunity! Resistance is only sufficient to protect
your equipment, not your inventory.
Magic rods are always immune to all kinds of attacks.

Poison          Poison resistance doesn't belong to the basic resistances but
                to the high resistances, yet is also very essential already
                from the early stages of your character's life on.
                If you resist poison you will not only take just 1/3 of the
                poison damage but also be protected from poisoning effects.
                Breath damage before capping is monster HP/3. Poison breath
                caps at 800.
                Stinking clouds, which are small poison balls, inflict 12d2
                damage.


Make sure that you have the basic resistances as soon as possible, and poison
resistance before going into deeper Mordor.


There are also five minor resistances:
--------------------------------------
Fear            While you're afraid you won't be able to attack a target in
                close combat.
Blindness       You cannot read scrolls or books while you're blind.
                Blindness can be caused directly by a blindness attack or by
                indirectly by light or darkness attacks if you don't resist
                those. You still can use magic staves, rods or wands and
                quaff potions. Quaffing a potion of Healing, Curing or
                Cure Critical Wounds will remove the blindness.
Confusion       While confused you cannot move, shoot or fight straight.
                Further, you're unable to read scrolls or books.
                However, you still can use staves, wands and rods.
                Quaffing a potion of Healing, Curing or Cure Serious/Critical
                Wounds will remove the confusion.
                Resisting confusion or chaos will lower damage to 5/7..5/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Confusion damage caps at 400.
                Confusion resistance is covered by chaos resistance, so if you
                already resist chaos then you don't need any more items that
                give confusion resistance.
Paralysis       Paralysis can be caused by bashing doors, lack of food, by
                traps and by monsters. Against the latter two effects you can
                become immune by equipping a 'Free Action' item. You should
                become immune to paralysis before descending below 1000 ft.
Hold Life       This will provide some protection against experience drain;
                it won't help against experience drain inflicted by items you
                equipped though.


Further, there are several high resistances:
--------------------------------------------
(Poison         was described above, at the end of the basic resistances.)
Water           Water resistance is rare. Water attacks can stun and confuse
                you if you don't resist them and usually do a lot of damage.
                Resistance will cut damage to 1/3.
                If you're a mimicking an aquatic monster the damage will be
                further cut down to 1/4.
                If you don't wear a 'tarpaulin' items in your inventory might
                be destroyed by the water (if they don't resist water).
                Water bolts do (10d10)+level damage.
                Water balls do 50+(1...[level*5/2]) damage.
                Note: The confusion effect can be prevented by confusion
                resistance, and the stun effect by sound resistance.
Sound           Sound attacks do less damage but can stun your or even knock
                you out so you will die as if you were paralyzed. Free Action
                won't help you then.
                Resistance will cut damage to 5/7..5/12.
                Damage is be reduced by further 50% if bio-feedback is active.
                (Bio-feedback is activated if a Thunderlord -also known as
                Dragonrider- eats a firestone and gets the 'adrenaline'
                message. See (5.9) for firestone details.)
                Sound resistance will protect you from stunning effects.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Sound breath caps at 400.
Shards          Shard attacks can cause nasty cuts that makes you bleed
                heavily if you don't resist them.
                Resistance will cut damage to 6/7..6/12.
                Damage is be reduced by further 50% if bio-feedback is active.
                (Bio-feedback is activated if a Thunderlord -also known as
                Dragonrider- eats a firestone and gets the 'adrenaline'
                message. See (5.9) for firestone details.)
                Shard resistance will protect you from cuts.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Shard breath caps at 400.
Nexus           Nexus attacks can have extremely nasty side-effects if you
                don't resist them. Those are
                -Teleport you randomly.
                -Teleport you towards the monster.
                -Teleport you a dungeon level higher or lower.
                -Swap two of your six stats randomly!
                 ("Your body starts to scramble")
                -Destroy items in your inventory.
                 ("Your backpack starts to scramble")
                Resistance will cut damage to 6/7..6/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/3. Nexus breath caps at 250.
Chaos           Chaos attacks can also have nasty side-effects if you don't
                resist. These are:
                -Confuse you.
                -Let you hallucinate.
                -Drain some experience. Resisting 'Nether' will also prevent
                 this.
                Resisting chaos will also make you resist confusion attacks.
                Resistance will cut down damage to 6/7..6/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Chaos breath caps at 600.
                Raw chaos invocation (chaos ball) does (level*4)+(10d10) dam.
Light           Light effects can blind you if you don't resist it.
                Resistance will cut damage to 4/7..4/12.
                If you are mimicking a monster that is susceptible to light
                you will suffer double damage from attacks.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Light breath caps at 400.
Darkness        Darkness effects can blind you if you don't resist it.
                Resistance will cut damage to 4/7..4/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Darkness breath caps at 400.
                Darkness Storms (balls) do (level*5)+(10d10) damage.
Nether          Having 'Hold Life' can protect from experience loss.
                Resistance will cut damage to 6/7..6/12 and prevent life
                draining (experience loss).
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Nether breath caps at 550.
                Nether bolts do 30+(5d5)+(level*3/2) damage.
                Nether balls do 50+(level*4)+(10d10) damage.
Disenchantment  This attack does massive damage and can also disenchant your
                equipped items, lowering their to-hit/to-dam/to-ac bonus!
                It can also destroy ethereal ammunition.
                Resistance will cut damage to 6/7..6/12 and prevent
                disenchantment of your equipment.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6, it caps at 500.
                If disenchantment hits items on the floor, it can even reduce
                their magical (+X) pval bonus.
                Artifacts have a chance to resist disenchantment.


Irresistable/extremely powerful damage types:
---------------------------------------------
Force           Pure force impact (BR_WALL). Raw damage is monster HP/6.
                Force impact (breath only) is capped at 200 and irresistable.
                If you lack sound resistance you will get stunned.
Inertia         Inertia attacks will slow you down a lot. There is no 'Inertia
                resistance' but 'Free Action' will slightly reduce the
                slowdown duration.
                Damage (breath only) is monster HP/6 and caps at 200.
Gravity         These attacks have very annoying side-effects:
                -Teleport you randomly.
                -Slow you down.
                -Stun you if you don't resist sound.
                It's impossible to resist gravitation. However, having
                'Feather Falling' (also known as Levitation) will reduce the
                damage your body takes from the shockwave and cut the damage
                to 6/7..6/12.
                Damage (breath only) is monster HP/3 and caps at 150.
Mana            Mana is pure magical energy. There are only rumours
                about items that provide resistance against it.
                Resisting it will cut damage to 6/7..6/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/3, breath caps at 250. Only very
                few monsters (mostly uniques) can breathe mana.
                Mana bolts do 50+(1...[level*7/2]) damage.
                Mana storms (balls) do (level*5)+(10d10) damage. Beware!
Time            Time is pure temporary distortion. There are only rumours
                about items that provide resistance against it.
                Time attacks can have very nasty side effects:
                -Drain experience (Hold Life won't help).
                -One of your stats can be lowered (resistance will reduce the
                 amount).
                -Drain all your stats (resistance will prevent this).
                Resistance will cut damage to 6/7..6/12.
                Breath damage is monster HP/3. Time breath caps at 150.
Meteor          This is an irresistable attack of pure impact.
                Meteor attacks are currently not used by any monster, and only
                exist as an explosion type of exploding ammo.
Disintegration  This is an irresistable attack of raw destruction.
                Damage (breath only) is monster HP/3, capping at 300.


Combined damage types:
----------------------
Ice             Ice attacks combine shard & sound effects with cold damage.
                Ice damage (bolt only) is (6d6)+monsterlevel.
                Ice damage consists of 60% cold damage and 40% shards damage.
                Missing sound resistance will result in additional stunning.
Plasma          Plasma attacks combine raw force and immense heat.
                Fire immunity will cut damage to 1/5.
                Fire resistance will cut damage to 3/5.
                Plasma resistance (only mimics that use a plasma-breathing
                form) will cut damage to 3/7..3/12.
                Also has stun effect if sound resistance is missing.
                Breath damage is monster HP/6. Plasma breath caps at 150.
                Plasma bolts do 10+level+(8d7) damage.
Radiation/Nuke/ This is a poisonous attack (player suffers pure poison damage)
 Toxic Waste    that may have acidic effect on your inventory (inventory may
                get destroyed as if you were hit by acidic attacks).
                If you resist poison
                - you will just take 2/5 of the damage
                - you will be protected from being poisoned
                - your equipment will be safe from acidic damage.
                Breath damage is monster HP/3 and caps at 800.
                Nuke balls (radiation balls) do (level*3)+(10d6) damage.
Rocket          Rockets combine shard & sound effects with heat influence on
                your inventory and shard damage to the player. Rockets do
                insane damage.
                Rocket damage is monster HP/4, it caps at 800.
                Shard and sound resistance will lower damage to 5/6 each,
                fire resistance will lower damage to 4/5, fire immunity to
                3/4 (overriding fire resistance).
                (Rockets are treated internally like breathing.)


Immunities
----------
Players can become immune to the basic elements and poison by wearing
items (for example dragon scale mails of the corresponding colour) or by
transforming into a monster shape that carries the according immunities
(see (6.7) about mimicry details).
If a player is immune to an element, (s)he won't take any damage from those
attacks nor be affected by any side-effects.
Example: Wearing the unique cape 'Ocean Soul' which as a special feature
provides water immunity makes the player take 0 damage from a water bolt attack
and also protect him from the stun+confuse effect of water bolts.
(It won't protect him from the stun/confuse effect of other types of attacks
though, for example a sound or confusion breath.)


Susceptibilities
----------------
Some monsters are susceptible against certain elements. For example fire
hounds are susceptible against cold attacks.

Physical attacks vs monsters:
Susceptibility of a monster will result in a doubled multiplier for
branded attacks. Example: If the player hits a Cold Hound with a
fiery broad sword (2d6) the Cold Hound will receive 2d6 * 4 damage
instead of 2d6 * 2 (usual brand multiplier for melee weapons).
Also see (5.3) for a table of brand multipliers.

Magical attacks vs monsters:
Susceptibility of a monster will result in double damage for the
according elemental attacks (ie cold ball vs fire hounds).

Magical/monster attacks vs players:
Players can be susceptible against an element too. For example Ents are
susceptible to fire by nature. Immunity will completely cancel out the
susceptibility. If an Ent wears an item of fire immunity it will suffer
0 damage from fire attacks, same as any other character.
If a susceptible player without immunity is hit by the according elemental
damage type, the damage will be doubled!
If a player is susceptible to an element and at the same time wears an item
that provides resistance then both factor in: Damage = Damage * 2 / 3.
(If the player also has temporary resistance then the damage will be
multiplied by 1/3 once more, as usual.)


Branded attacks in PvP
----------------------
Branded physical attacks in pvp are not influenced by susceptibilities.


Melee attacks of monsters
-------------------------
See (5.11) for details about melee attacks and melee damage caps.



(5.7) Qualitative classification of items, identifying & selling items
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Items are classified by
-a basic item type
-a simple magical enchantment (to hit-chance, to damage, to armour class)
-an ego power (some items even have two ego powers at once),
 (some examples: resistances on armours, elemental brands on weapons,
 enhanced brightness on light sources. The item carries the names of its
 ego powers. For example an 'Acidic Long Sword of Gondolin' has been
 blessed with two ego powers: 'Acidic' and 'Gondolin'. For more information
 about ego powers see (7.4) Spoiler Files).
-sometimes you may find an artifact which can have quite a bunch of
 different powers combined! Artifacts can be recognized by them carrying
 a name. Example: The War Maul 'Turmil' or The Whip of Gothmog.

If you find an item, it's 'unidentified'. That means you see only the
basic item type.
Example:
A Whip {+,?} (1d6)
The ? indicates that you don't know yet which level is required to wield
this item. You have to identify the item to find out more about it.
(The (1d6) means that this weapon has one 6-sided die rolled to determine
its damage afflicted to your target.)

Assuming you identify it you could get one of the results below:

Example 1:
A Whip {+,1} (1d6) (+0,+3)
This is a magical whip. Magical, because its damage is enchanted to +3.
It doesn't possess any further special abilities.

Example 2:
A Fiery Whip of Gondolin {+,24} (1d6) (+8,+11) (+3)
This is an ego-weapon ('of Gondolin') with a fire brand ('Fiery'). The
base weapon type is a whip which makes it belong to the blunt weapons.
Its to-hit and to-damage are magically enchanted to +8 and +11.
Gondolin weapons increase strength and constitution (here +3).

Ego-items or excellent magical items often have varying abilities.
For example a Gondolin-weapon _can_ have HOLD_LIFE, a high resistance,
or increase your dex. It doesn't _have to_, however. Some Gondolin-Weapons
have different abilities than others. To find out the complete powers of an
item it can be neccessary to *identify* it.
*Identify* (same as *Perception*) reveals the complete ability list.
You can check the complete list of items in stores by pressing 'x' to
'examine an item'. You can review the ability list of an item in your
inventory or equipment using the 'I' key. Using 'I' requires that
you already *identified* the item or bought it from a shop.
Items that are bought from a shop are always automatically *identified*.
Some shops offer an *identify* service but they are quite expensive.

If you want to look up what certain special items can/cannot do, see the
spoiler files section (7.4) or further explanations in (5.8) and (5.9).

If you sell an item to a shop the offer you will receive depends on
the following:

Item is not identified at all -> the offered cash will equal the value of the
                                 basic item type, eg 300 Au for a long sword
                                 or 20 Au for an unknown potion.

Item has been pseudo-identified -> shops won't buy items that have a bad
                                   pseudo-identification. 'average' items will
                                   sell for the value of the basic item type.
                                   good/excellent/special items will sell for
                                   their basic value too so you better
                                   identify them to get more money for them!

Item has been identified -> the shop will pay you fully for all those boni
                            that are either very obvious (like +STRength or
                            Extra Attacks or Life/Mana) or which are always
                            granted to this kind of ego item (for example
                            'weapons of *Slay Evil*' always give 'ESP evil').

                            However, the shop won't offer money for 'hidden'
                            abilities like resistances or ESP which aren't
                            obvious and which are randomly bestowed upon
                            this type of ego item. (Most ego items have
                            one or more random powers!)
                            To make the shop pay for these unknown powers
                            too you'll need to fully identify the item,
                            this is called *identifying* (note the asterisks).
                            To do this, there are scrolls of *Identify*,
                            staves of *Perception* as well as the spell
                            'Greater Identify'.
                            If your item turns out to lack any hidden powers
                            you wasted the *Identify* scroll, but that's not
                            a big deal.

Item has been identified and is a true artifact -> the shop will pay a fixed
                                                   price which is predefined
                                                   for each true artifact.
                                                   You don't need to *ID* it.

Item has been identified and is a randart -> Shops will usually offer between
                                             10,000 and 15,000 Au for unknown
                                             randarts, but never more than the
                                             item is really worth. You should
                                             _always_ *identify* your randarts
                                             to discover all their hidden
                                             abilities, so shopkeepers will
                                             pay a lot more.

Item has been identified and is cursed -> the shops never buy cursed items.
                                          That might change if you uncurse
                                          it and if the item hasn't only bad
                                          (negative) boni on it.

Shop prices in general may slightly vary depending on the shop owner's race
and your character's race.

Sometimes an item turns out to be an artifact!
Artifacts are unique. If an artifact is owned by a player, noone else
can find it anymore until it's lost (for example if the player dies)
or sold to a shop. Depending on a server's configuration artifacts
usually stay a while in the shop and can be bought by other players
before they finally disappear from the stock.

There are static artifacts and random artifacts ('randarts').
Static artifacts are predefined and have fixed abilities. Their number
therefore is limited.
In case all static artifacts are found, players can still find randomly
generated artifacts so a server won't run out of artifacts.
Artifacts of any type cannot be enchanted by any means.

If a player holds an unidentified item long enough he/she might get
a 'feeling' about it. The more points in 'Combat' skill the player has
the faster and clearer he can feel the items value. This is called
'pseudo-identifying'. Warriors are more likely to pseudo-id than casters.
If a player pseudo-ids an item, the 'feeling' will be appended in { }
brackets to the item name.
Note that archers or casters will also become better at pseudo-id'ing,
if they train the 'Archery' or 'Magic' skill respectively.
'Archery' at level 11 helps to get more detailed ('excellent' too instead of
just 'good') feelings about ranged weapons and ammunition.
'Magic' at level 11 helps to get more detailed ('excellent' too, instead of
just 'good') feelings about magic items, potions and scrolls.

Items display the following pseudo-id tags:

-Basic items, non-magical:      {average}
-Magically enchanted items      {good}
-Excellent magical items        {excellent}
-Artifacts (random & static)    {special}
-Cursed items                   {cursed}
-Useless items (often cursed)   {worthless}
-Cursed artifacts / egos        {terrible}

Terrible doesn't need to equal useless. Some cursed artifacts can be very
powerful, rings of power dropped by Nazgul especially.

Note that potions don't have 'egos' or 'artifacts', scrolls don't have
artifacts either, but some of the potions and scrolls show similar pseudo-id
tags.

Again - if you want to look up what certain special items can/cannot do, see
the spoiler files section (7.4) or further explanations in (5.8) and (5.9).



(5.8) Special abilities of items
--------------------------------
FEATHER ('It allows you to levitate.')
        'Feather Falling', also called 'Levitation'.
        Lets you resist gravitation effects. Lets you float down gently
        if you accidentally stumble into pits.
FLY     ('It allows you to fly.')
        Allows you to cross water areas without drowning. Enables you to fly
        over trees.
MANA ('It affects your mana capacity.')
        Will increase your total mana points by +x0%. Example:
        Gloves of the magi (+3) increase your mana by 30%.
        MANA items _add_ to each other, they aren't multiplied.
        They have slightly less effect on non-mages and quite less effect
        on priests or paladins who need wisdom rather than intelligence.
        MANA affects your complete mana pool, including the additional MP
        (mana points) a character gained from 'Magic' skill.
LIFE ('It affects your hit points')
        Will increase your total hit points by +x0%. Example:
        Sword of life (+2) increases your HP by 20%.
        LIFE items _add_ to each other, they aren't multiplied.
        The maximum total +LIFE bonus a character can achieve is +3 (cap).
        (For mimics, the +LIFE effect might be less since their HP in
        player form or monster form might be low. The +LIFE isn't applied
        to mimics' final HP but the lower base HP.)
        LIFE affects your complete hit point pool, including the additional
        HP a character gained from 'Health' skill.
AGGRAVATE ('It aggravates nearby creatures')
        Wakes up all monsters in whose radius of awareness you are.
        (Does not haste them as scrolls do, compare to (5.9)).
LUCK ('The item increases your luck')
        If you are lucky, your chance to find better items increases.
        Luck caps at 40, having higher bonus won't help any more.
        The higher your luck is, the more diminishing is the effect of
        increasing it even more.
        What does 'better items' mean exactly?
        It simply means that you have a higher chance to get good or great
        items when...
        -killing monsters
        -opening chests
        -finding items in the dirt by (magical or physical) digging.
        'Good' means that an item has enchantments to hitchance, damage or
        armour class. How much exactly it has isn't affected by luck!
        'Great' means that an item has ego powers or is an artifact. Luck does
        not affect how great its ego power or artifact abilities will be!
NO_MAGIC ('Antimagic shell')
        Raises your saving throw to 95%, making you nearly immune to any
        malicious magical influence (like paralysation). Also prevents
        you from using any magic device or casting spells.
ANTIMAGIC ('Antimagic field')
        Prevents you from using any magic device or casting spells, also
        applies to nearby enemy spellcasters and other players. The
        field has less influence on _party members_ who try to cast.
        The radius is approximately the field power / 9, and is cumulative
        to the 'Antimagic' skill. The field power is the chance of
        suppressing a spell. It caps at 75% and is cumulative to the
        'Antimagic' skill.
BLESSED ('It has been blessed by the gods')
        These weapons resist cursing. Priests can use blessed weapons
        without penalties, even if they are not blunt.
VAMPIRIC ('The weapon drains life from your victim')
        Drains life from your victim, which you gain as hit points.
        For details see '(5.15) Vampirism'.
VORPAL ('Sharp' weapons, 'It is very sharp and can cut your foes.')
        Has a chance that the weapon damage dice result is multiplied on
        hitting, you'll see 'Your weapon cuts deep into your enemy'.
        The multiplication is done after brand/slay effects have been applied,
        so brand/slay effects will increase VORPAL efficiency.
CHAOTIC ('Your weapon produces chaotic effects')
        On hitting, you have a 50% chance to do one of the following:
        a) drain life (VAMPIRIC, see (5.15)) (very likely)
        b) earthquake (see (5.13))
        c) confuse target (very likely)
        d) teleport target away
        e) polymorph target
IMPACT ('It can cause earthquakes')
        Causes earthquakes if the damage is > 50. (See (5.13).)
WOUNDING ('It is very sharp and makes your foes bleed.')
        Has additional to-hit/to-dam bonus.
Weapons of Spinning
        Spin around on activation, hitting every monster around you in a
        radius of 1.
EASY_USE (of Simplicity)
        You have a much higher chance of succeeding to use the magic device.
        Also see (6.10) for more information about the 'Magic Device' skill.
CHARGING (of Charging) ('It regenerates its mana faster.')
        This magic device (rod) will take only 1/2 of the usual time to
        fully recharge.
Istari (of the Istari)
        Combination of EASY_USE and CHARGING.
FUEL_LITE ('It provides light when fueled')
        A light source that needs to be fueled, otherwise it runs out.
        WARNING:
        If this item provides other abilities besides emitting light, be aware
        that you need to keep it fueled for it to do so! If it runs out of fuel
        your character will lose all abilities it provided until you refuel it.
(NO_SEED 
        An ego item that is never created randomly (in terms of abilities
        or power).)
CURSED, HEAVY_CURSE, PERMA_CURSE, AUTO_CURSE,
CURSE_NO_DROP, TY_CURSE, DG_CURSE
        See (5.14) Curses.
INSTA_ART
        This item always is an artifact; it has no base-class that can spawn
        non-art items. Example: Long Sword base class can spawn regular long
        swords, but also 'Elvagil'. A Phial however will instantly be
        'artified' and turn into Phial of Galadriel or Undeath. There are no
        base-type non-art phials in the game.
SPECIAL_GENE
        These artifacts are 'special artifacts' that cannot be dropped by
        regular monsters but require a certain key monster to be killed.
        For example the Dragonrider Coat of Mardra can only drop from Mardra
        (there is no guarantee that she will always drop it though).
'Imbued' books and tomes.
        Those especially treatened books and tomes resist the influence of
        heat, water and acid strongly.
INVIS   Turns you invisible. Items 'of Invisibility' often have a +mod,
        which gives you additional stealth. Note that this +mod does not
        qualify or affect your invisibility in any way, but is purely for an
        extra stealth bonus. Invisibility is binary: Either you are invisible
        or you are not. Also see '(5.16) Invisibility'.



(5.9) What does item xxx do exactly?
------------------------------------
Some items might look bad (Mushrooms of Unhealth), but keep in mind that you
can often throw ('v') these items to damage or impair an enemy.
For more information about items and especially ego items see (7.4).


Weapons & Armour
----------------
Dark Sword      Dark Swords have a so-called 'antimagic field', which
                prevents the user from using magic items or casting spells,
                but also has a chance to interrupt enemy spellcasters.
                The chance to interrupt spellcasters is 30% minus 3/5 of the
                to-hit and to-dam values of the dark sword. Example:
                A Dark Sword (+3,+7) has 30 - (3+7) * 3/5 = 24% chance of
                interrupting spellcasters.
                The radius of the antimagic field is several fields (chance
                to interrupt spells, divided by 9), getting smaller if the
                chance is smaller than 30%.
                (Radius and field strength are cumulative with Antimagic
                skill and will hence add to each other.)
                Dark Swords never give more than 30% AM, even if tohit and
                todam boni added together result in a negative number.
                They also never give 'negative antimagic', 0% AM is the
                minimum, even if tohit+todam are greater than its AM.
                AC boni on Dark Swords won't affect the antimagic field.
                The antimagic chance of a dark sword stacks with the
                Antimagic skill (see 6.2).
Bluesteel Blade Cannot rust (not damaged by water attacks) and are especially
                sharp (see 'VORPAL' under (5.8)).
Shadow Blade    Resists darkness, cannot be damaged by acid or water, provides
                a fixed stealth bonus of +2..
Magic Arrows, Magic Bolts, Magic Shots.
                Those will return into your quiver magically, so just having
                one will already serve, as long as it isn't destroyed by some
                elemental attack..
                Artifact ammunition of any type auto-returns too, same as
                magic ammunition.
Shadow Cloak    Makes you hard to spot for other players, regarding
                a) them seeing you
                b) them being able to look at your current equipment.
                Shadow Cloaks work especially well to further disguise
                yourself while being invisible vs. someone who is able to see
                invisible creatures/players. See '(5.16) Invisibility'.
Dragonrider Coat        Resists heat & cold.
Elven Gloves    Regenerate hit points and mana points.


Potions
-------
Boldness        Removes fear and keeps your heart boldened for a while.
Heroism         Temporary effects: Increase CHP and MHP by 10. Removes fear.
                +12 bonus to-hit.
Berserk Strength
                Temporary effects: Increase CHP and MHP by 30. Removes fear.
                +5 bonus to-hit, +10 bonus to-dam, -10 malus to to-ac.
Resistance      Gives you temporary resistance against heat, cold, acid,
                electricity and poison. (Stacks with permanent resistance
                to lower the damage to 1/9 (1/3 temp * 1/3 perm)).
Speed           Temporary speed increase by +10.
Cure Light Wounds
                Cures blindness and cuts; heals 2d8 HP.
Cure Serious Wounds
                Cures blindness, cuts, confusion; heals 5d8 HP.
Cure Critical Wounds
                Cures blindness, cuts, confusion, stun; heals 14d8 HP.
Healing         Cures blindness, cuts, confusion, stun, poison; heals 300 HP.
*Healing*       Cures blindness, cuts, confusion, stun, poison; heals 700 HP.
Restore Mana    Restores 500 SP.
*Restore Mana*  Restores 1000 SP.
Curing          Heals some HP, removes blindness/confusion/stun, cures
                poison/cuts/hallucinations, heals some insanity,
                cures being gorged, restores all your stats (except exp).
Life            Heals 700 HP, removes blindness/confusion/stun, cures
                poison/cuts/hallucinations, cures Black Breath,
                restores all your stats and experience.
Experience      Gives you additionally half your current experience plus 10,
                but only up to a maximum of +100,000 points. So you'll get the
                most out of it if you quaff it when you reached 200,000 exp.
                (Ok, 199,980 - thanks Sav...)
                However, some players prefer to quaff it earlier, when it's
                especially hard for them to reach the next level for some
                reason, maybe harder than if they were at 200,000 exp already.
Self-Knowledge  Tells you everything about yourself :)
Chauve-Souris   Turns you into a fruit bat. Quaff another one to be restored
                to your original form. A wand/rod of polymorph might help too.
                Make sure you don't resist nexus if someone tries to polymorph
                you back. Or just use 'Morph Restoration' service.
Enlightenment   Illuminates and maps the whole level and reveals all objects.
*Enlightenment* Raises your intelligence and wisdom, detect treasures,
                objects, secret doors, traps. Identifies all items. And tells
                you about yourself like a potion of Self-Knowledge would do.
Augmentation    Raises all your stats.
Lose Memories   Lose 25% experience (if Hold Life is missing).
Ruination       Take 10d10 damage. All stats are decreased by 25 (restorable).
Detonations / Death
                Better not drink it (or you deserve it).
                Also, handle with caution! Make sure those won't shatter in
                your backpack when you're hit by potion-damaging effects, or
                you might not see the next sunrise.
                If thrown (press 'v' to throw an item) these potions show the
                strongest effect by far of all potions - devastating!
                Accordingly useful to be used in fumes traps.
Invulnerability Will turn you partially invulnerable (50% chance to get hit,
                50% damage reduction).
Learning        Gives you 1..3 (random) additional skill points to spend.


Scrolls
-------
Rumour          Entertains the audience.
Blessing/Holy Chant/Holy Prayer
                Increases your AC by 10/15/20, also increases your to-hit
                bonus. (Temporarily)
Life            Resurrects another player's ghost if standing on a directly
                adjacent field to you when you read it. Does not work inside
                vaults, and only over solid ground.
                Also restores your experience points if they were drained.
                Since it was often asked: Non-everlasting and everlasting
                players can revive each other without problems.
Aggravate Monsters
                Wakes up all monsters in whose radius of awareness you are.
                Hastes all monsters in your line of sight (same as SHRIEK
                spell or traps of aggravation or the "/scream" command).
Word of Recall  Use it to quickly travel from the town to a dungeon or tower,
                it can also be used to travel between towns or on the worldmap
                in general. See "(0.3) Important Inscriptions" for more info
                about Word of Recall! ("Word-of-Recall", "WoR")
                If you read another Word of Recall while you're still waiting
                for one to kick in, the effect will be cancelled!
                That way you can change your mind, for example if you suddenly
                spot a monster you want to kill just after you read a WoR.
                Word-of-Recall scrolls can be exchanged between an everlasting
                and a non-everlasting player!
Blood Bond      Inscribe this @P<playername>, for example @PGandalf, then read
                it to form a blood bond between you and that player. (Only one
                of you has to read a BB scroll, it's working bidirectional).
                Everyone on the server will receive messages about that blood
                bond been formed: "<player A> blood bonds with <player B>".
                If you don't see this message, you did something wrong. Get
                another scroll and repeat the blood bonding until you see the
                correct confirmation message.
                Your characters will automatically be hostile to each other,
                so you can fight in a friendly duel. This even works in town,
                which otherwise is a safe zone from PvP.
                The loser won't suffer a real death while blood-bonded, but
                just get teleported away. The hostility will automatically be
                cancelled when the blood bond ends or when a player logs out.
                Everyone on the server will be informed about the result:
                "<A> wins the blood bond against <B>".
                (Hit 'P' for party menu to declare war on someone after you
                read blood bond. Making peace will be done automatically when
                a blood bond ends!)
Remove Curse    Breaks lesser curses on items, allowing you to unwear or
                destroy them. Note that many items can be sold for good cash
                as soon as they are uncursed!
                Also, non- or uncursed items that induce random teleportation
                can be inscribed .. to have the teleportation stop (compare
                (0.3 Important Inscriptions).
                (It gives you the message:
                'You feel as if someone is watching over you.'.)
*Remove Curse*  Breaks heavy curses. Note that curses (including heavy ones)
                on weapons or armours can also be broken by enchanting one of
                their boni some points above +0.
Recharging      Recharges a magical rod/wand/staff.
Rune of Protection  Creates a warding glyph on the floor that stops monsters
                    from crossing the field or summoning on it.
Protection from evil    Repels evil creatures that try to attack you.
                        See the prayer 'Protection from evil' in (6.8)!
*Destruction*   Causes a local earthquake, nearly completely wiping the area
                of monsters and objects.
                Extremely powerful magic which causes a searing blast of light
                and a terrible shockwave that will blind you and knock you and
                everyone else out.
                Use this as a last resort!
                This magic will fail in towns or town-surrounding area within
                a radius of 3 worldmap sectors.
Genocide        Removes all monsters of a certain kind from the current level.
                Drains your HP for each one removed.
                The race will be determined by the monster which stands
                closest to you when firing off the spell. For each monster you
                will suffer randomly from just 1 up to 4+(monsterlevel/8)
				points of damage, which cannot be absorbed by any magic shield
				or other protective effect!
                Depending on the server configuration, the caster's remaining
                hit points might be halved (extra penalty) after the spell
                finished (this penalty is enabled by default).
                Monsters have a chance to resist genocide, depending on their
                level. Monsters inside vaults, Uniques, and monsters that are
                immune to teleportation attacks cannot be genocided.
Mass Genocide   Removes all monsters that are close to you.
                Drains your HP.
                All monsters within a radius (equal to your sight range)
                around you are annihilated. For each monster you will suffer
                between 1 and 3+(monsterlevel/8) points of damage, which cannot
                be absorbed by any magic shield or other protective effects!
                Depending on the server configuration, the caster's remaining
                hit points might be halved (extra penalty) after the spell
                finished (this penalty is enabled by default).
                Monsters have a chance to resist genocide, depending on their
                level. Monsters inside vaults, Uniques, and monsters that are
                immune to teleportation attacks cannot be genocided.
Acquirement     Gives you a great item. Reading it on deeper dungeon levels
                produces better results mostly.
*Acquirement*   Gives you two or three great items. Reading it on deeper
                dungeon levels produces better results mostly.
Fire/Ice/Chaos  Fires a ball of the according type around you. Make sure you
                resist it or you will take damage too.
Lottery         This might be your chance today to win the Jackpot!
Vermin Control  Stops breeders on the map from multiplying.
Wilderness Mapping  Maps the wilderness area around the worldmap sector you
                    are currently within. These scrolls also sometimes carry
                    an inscription telling the location of a hidden dungeon.
Cancellation    Don't use it! It can heavily disenchant magic items in your
                inventory and/or equipment. It hasn't got a useful purpose.
Golem Creation  Allows you to create a golem which follows you and which you
                can control to some extent, see (8.3) for more information.
Parchments      These contain informations about the game, they won't
                disappear if you read them.
Deeds           Some of the parchments are deeds, which are used as rewards
                for various purpose, such as global events (see (4.13)) and
                PvP fights of PvP-mode-characters (see(6.13)).
                Press 'r' to read a deed, which will usually tell you what to
                do with it. In most cases, you have to turn it in at the
                mayor's office in Bree (one of the '+' doors in town).


Wands/Rods/Staves
-----------------
Genocide        See 'Scrolls'.
*Destruction*   See 'Scrolls'.
Wonder          Wands of wonder cast random magic spells.
Curing          Cures being gorged, removes blindness/confusion/stun,
                cures poison/cuts.
Probing         Tells you hit points, melee attacks, speed and armour class of
                monsters in your line of sight.
Detection       Detects treasures, objects, traps, secret doors, creatures.
Perception      Identifies a specific item.
*Perception*    *Identifies* a specific item, you guessed it..
Enlightenment   Magically maps your surroundings.
Polymorph       Polymorphs your target randomly into another form.
                Doesn't works on players who resist nexus.
Drain Life      Wand: Drains 10..20% life from your target, giving you 50% of
                the drained life force.
                Rod: Drains 15..30% life from your target, giving you 33% of
                the drained life force.
Annihilation    Wand only: Drains 15..30% life from your target, giving you 25%
                of the drained life force.
Magi            Restores your intelligence and 500 mana points.
Power           Dispels nearby monsters.
Holiness        Dispels nearby evil. Also protects you from evil for a while.
                Cures poison/cuts, removes fear/stun, heals you somewhat.
Dragon's Breath These wands fire a ball of dragon odem (more powerful than
                normal ball spell wands.)
Havoc           Fires balls or beams of random type, the exact outcome is hard
                to tell.. it's very powerful though.


Jewelry
-------
Amulets of Adornment    They might be looking fancy, but they don't do
                        anything and have no effect on your character.
Talisman (Amulet)       Increases your luck, helps you finding better loot.
                        (See (5.8) for more information about luck.)
Rings of Might          increase strength and constitution.
Rings of Toughness      increase dexterity and constitution.
Rings of Cunningness    increase strength and intelligence.
Rings of Ready Wit      increase dexterity and intelligence.
Amulets of Brilliance   increase intelligence and wisdom, provide light.
Rings of Sustain Might          sustain strength and constitution.
Rings of Sustain Ability        sustain strength and dexterity.
Rings of Sustain Cunningness    sustain strength, intelligence and charisma.
Rings of Sustain Steadiness     sustain wisdom and constitution.
Rings of Sustain Ready Wit      sustain dexterity, intelligence and charisma.
Rings of Sustain Brilliance     sustain intelligence and wisdom.
Rings/Amulets of Slow Digestion will slow your food digestion so you have to
                        eat less often. Also prevents instant paralysation if
                        your food state hits red 'weak'.
Amulet of Anti-Magic    See '5.7 NO_MAGIC'
Amulet of Anti-Teleportation    If worn it will suppress all attemps to
                                teleport, phase or recall the wearer,
                                regardless whether initiated by a monster or
                                by himself. It will also prevent certain
                                effects of unresisted nexus attacks.
                                Any word-of-recall that is cast while
                                teleportation is supressed will be suspended
                                and then immediately kick in as soon as the
                                amulet is taken off. This allows some
                                interesting tactics..


Misc
--
Codex, Spellbook, Grimoire
                    These are magic books that may contain magic spells of any
                    type and school, be it for mages, priests, druids or
                    mindcrafters.
                    However, these books start out empty, devoid of any spells
                    and it's up to the player to add spells of his choice to
                    them.
                    To do so, he needs to find or buy spell scrolls in the
                    library (store '9'), then press 'A' to activate the Codex,
                    Spellbook or Grimoire, then choose the spell scroll he
                    wants to transcribe into the book. The scroll will vanish
                    and the spell will be permanently and irreversibly added
                    to the book.
                    Condition for this to work is that the book still has free
                    space left, and that the player has actually learned the
                    spell he wants to transcribe.
                    Codices can carry the least amount of spells, while
                    Grimoires have the most space.
                    (Note that you cannot use these books if your game client
                    version is below 4.4.2!)
(Small) Firestones  These can be eaten by Thunderlords and have various
                    random effects (small firestones have reduced duration):
                    - If the player is currently in dragon form he will just
                      get some mana refilled.
                    - If he is in non-dragon form, these temporary effects
                      can apply:
                        - Adrenaline:   Consume way more food.
                                        Get STR/CON/DEX bonus.
                                        Get to-hit/to-dam bonus.
                                        Sometimes get EA.
                                        Get AC malus.
                        - Biofeedback:  Consume more food.
                                        Regenerate HP / heal cuts faster.
                                        Reduce damage from arrows/missiles,
                                        shards, sound and ice shards.
                        - ESP:          You can see telepathically.
                        - Physical Instability:     Probability Travel.
                        - Fury:         40 more HP, speed bonus,
                                        to-dam bonus, to-hit/to-ac malus.
                        - Speed-up:     Speed bonus.
                        - Heroism:      10 more HP, to-hit bonus, resist fear.
                        - Temp res:     Temporary base and poison resistance.
Dwarven lanterns    Make you resist fear. Don't need to be fueled.
Feanorian lamps     Make you resist fear and see the invisible. Don't need to
                    be fueled.
Mattock/Pick/Shovel Diggers, improving your digging capabilities.
                    (+to-hit, +to-dam) on digging tools as well as a high
                    weight help to further increase their effectiveness.
                    Main factor is the (+diggingpower) mod though. (Equip it!)
Mummy Wrapping      Reduces your charisma slightly, and prevents other players
                    from seeing your equipment except for your melee and/or
                    ranged weapon. Also makes you look dark like being
                    infected by Black Breath. (Equip it!)
                    Vampires start with a mummy wrapping, because it can
                    protect them from the sunlight. If they are moving on the
                    world surface (meaning not in a dungeon/tower) while it's
                    day, the sun will burn them if they don't resist light or
                    wear a mummy wrapping.
                    Hint: Polymorphing into a vampire bat may improve hit
                    point regeneration rate.
Tarpaulin           When equipped, prevents your inventory and equipment from
                    taking water damage when crossing water fields or when you
                    are attacked with water-based effects.
                    Note that your weapon is not included in this protection
                    while attacking.
Picklock            When equipped, improves your disarm ability.
Money Belt          When equipped, greatly reduces chance of thieves succeeding
                    in stealing your money.
Device of theft prevention
                    When equipped, greatly reduces chance of thieves succeeding
                    in stealing items from your backpack.
Climbing set        Allows you to travel over mountain fields.
                    Info for mimics & co: In order to be able to use it, your
                    appearance form must have arms and fingers. (Equip it!)
Fortune Cookie      Gives you a line of wisdom.
Sprig of Athelas    Eat this one to cure Black Breath (see 1.5 for more
                    information about Black Breath),
                    also cures poison/stun/cuts.
Mushrooms of paranoia/cure paranoia
                    Cause/remove fear, cause/reduce hallucinations.
Mushroom of Unmagic
                    Removes all magical effects from your body if eaten.
Mushroom of Restoring
                    Restores your stats and your experience if drained.
Lembas (elvish waybread)
                    Satisifies your hunger, cures poison and hallucinations.
Firestones          Eath them only if you are a Thunderlord (Dragonrider).
                    They will randomly boost your powers for a short time.
                    See (5.9) for firestone details. If you eat too many of
                    them over a short period of time you might get poisoned
                    by adrenaline overdose, with lethal results.
Flint               Prevents your light from going out.
Empty bottles       You can /fill these at fountains to turn them into
                    potions. (See 0.2 for more details.)
Skeletons/Bones/Skulls  You can create ammunition from these if your Archery
                        skill is sufficient.
Rubble ':' on the floor You can create sling ammo from this. You cannot pick
                        up rubble, just stand next to it.
Guild key               See (6.9).

Mushrooms with bad effects are also often poisonous.



(5.10) Destruction of items by elemental attacks
------------------------------------------------
Items in your inventory can be destroyed if you are hit by an elemental
attack. Those attacks even have a very slim chance of destroying an item
that you have equipped!

In order for an item to guaranteedly survive such an attack, you must either
be immune or double-resisting (have permanent AND temporary resistance) to
that specific element. (Double resistance is nearly as good as immunity.)
Some items have IGNORE_xxx flags which let them ignore certain elements,
preventing them from being destroyed.
All artifacts, random and static ones, cannot be harmed by elemental attacks
of any type.

Here is a table of items and which elements they are susceptible against:
"Impact" happens if you fall into a pit, smashing some potions on hitting the
floor. Items that IGNORE_COLD also resist impact damage.
Usually items that contain wood, leather or stuff are susceptible to fire and
acid, while things that consist only of metal are just susceptible to acid.

            Acid    Elec    Fire    Cold    Impact  Water
---------------------------------------------------------
Arrows      x               x
Bolts       x               x
Pebbles
Shots

Slings      x               x
Bows        x               x
Crossbows   x               x
Boomerangs  x               x

Swords      x
Axes        x               x
Blunt       x               x
Polearms    x               x

Helms       x
Crowns      x
Shields     x

Boots       x               x
Gloves      x               x
Cloaks      x               x
Soft Armour x               x
Hard Armour x
DSM Armour

Scrolls     x               x                       x
Parchments  x               x
Chests      x               x
Skeletons   x
Bottles     x                       x       x
Junks       x

Rings               x
Amulets
Wands               x
Staves      x               x
Rods

Lamps                       x
Potions                     x       x       x       
Flasks                              x       x
Books/Tomes x               x                       x


Items, even tomes, resist certain elements if they have the according
resistance due to ego powers (for example a leather shield of resist fire)
or -in case of tomes- according content :)
For example a Tome of the Eternal Flame cannot be harmed by fire.



(5.11) Armour Class vs monster attacks, damage caps
---------------------------------------------------
Armour class helps you twice:
-It makes monsters miss you more often.
 The more AC the better, it's weighed against the level of the attacking
 monster. If the monster is (heavily) stunned it gets penalties here.
-It reduces the damage if a monster manages to hit you.
 This effect caps at 150 AC!

Monsters can score critical hits which can (depending on the attack type)
result in a cutting or stunning effect against the player.
A monster scores a critical hit if it inflicts a damage which is very close to
its theoretical maximum. Weaker monsters (that don't inflict high amounts of
damage) aren't able to score critical hits at all.
The power of the resulting cut/stun depends on the damage too.
So a high armour class helps a lot, to avoid critical monster hits and to
reduce their power.

Monsters have a cap on melee attacks, which limits their attacks to an
_average_ of 700 total damage points per round (Monsters, depending on their
race, can perform up to 4 melee attacks each round they can move/act). Note
that the monster may attack for more damage, it's just the averaged value,
the real damage is random and can fluctuate above or below the average.
Wearing armour will further reduce the total average damage you can expect to
take per round from that monster. The cap will be used on the monster's raw
damage output _before_ the player's AC is factored in.
Sanity-draining melee attacks are capped at 55 points of _average_ sanity
damage per _blow_ (not per round).

Note that there are melee attacks that cannot be reduced by armour. It depends
on the way the melee attack is performed. See (5.12) for details.



(5.12) Monster attack types and brands
--------------------------------------
Monsters can strike you with branded attacks, for example acidic hits, or hits
that poison you if you get hit. If you resist the according brand you won't be
affected by it alot, and the overall damage will be reduced. If you're immune
you won't be affected at all and only take a physical part of the damage -
if there is a physical part. This depends on the attack type.
Here is a list of attack types and brands:

Type          Contact/Cut/Stun/Bypasses AC
-------------------------------------------
HIT                               + + + -
PUNCH,KICK,BUTT,CRUSH             + - + -
CLAW, BITE                        + + - -
TOUCH,STING,ENGULF,CHARGE,CRAWL   + - - -
SPIT,                             - - - -
GAZE,WAIL,SPORE,EXPLODE,BEG,      - - - +
INSULT,MOAN,DROOL,SHOW,WHISPER    - - - +

Brand           Needed resistance
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HURT            Only AC - raw damage.
Acd,Ele,Fir,Col according element.
POISON          poison.
BLIND           blindness.
CONFUSE         confusion (or chaos).
TERRIFY         fear.
PARALYZE        free action.
EXP_xx          hold life.      
LOSE_xxx        sustain stats.
EAT_xxx         DEX,stealing skill.
                Device of theft
                prevention.
                Won't help against
                EAT_FOOD/EAT_LITE.
UN_BONUS        disenchantment.
UN_POWER        none.(drains charges/energy from your items)
                Magic Device skill helps to prevent draining though.
                See (6.10) for more information about the Magic Device skill.
TIME            time.
DISEASE         poison. This attack
                can also decrease
                your constitution.
SANITY          none. (mimics using a
                WEIRD_MIND/EMPTY_MIND
                form resist slightly)
HALLU           chaos.
PARASITE        <no effect>
DISARM          fighting skill, weapons
                worn 2-handed are
                harder to disarm.
FAMINE          none. Makes you hungry.
SEDUCE          none. Makes you take off
                equipped items.
SHATTER         hits & causes an
                earthquake.
                Very dangerous.
                See (5.13).

Getting hit by higher undead creatures may also infect you with the
Black Breath! (See 1.5 for more information about Black Breath.)



(5.13) Earthquakes
------------------
Earthquakes will cause ceilings to collapse and the ground to shift and crack,
burying items, players and monsters and inflicting a lot of damage.
All fields in a certain radius around the epicentre have a certain chance to
be filled with rocks, to be cleared from previous obstacles (walls) and turn
into empty floor fields, or to remain untouched and unchanged.

Players don't take damage from their 'own' earthquakes, caused by their
equipment or items (weapons of earthquakes, scrolls of *destruction*).

Earthquakes can deal up to 300 damage if you cannot evade the falling rocks
and shifting ground: Depending on the number of unchanged (by the earthquake)
empty fields that are adjacent to your character, there is a chance to 'evade'
and take much less damage or even none at all. Earthquakes can also stun you.

Items will usually be destroyed/lost, only very rarely you'll be able to grab
one before it falls into a chasm and vanishes forever.



(5.14) Curses
-------------
Several items you find will be {cursed}!
Cursed items usually have bad effects that outweigh or dominate their useful
abilities, and you cannot take them off once you equipped them, as long as
the curse isn't broken. Cursed artifacts and ego items are pseudo-id'ed as
{terrible}. Shops won't buy cursed items, they might buy the item after the
curse is broken, however.
If you equip an unidentified item and it carries a curse your character will
notice 'Oops, it feels deadly cold!'.

There are different types of curses:
CURSED          can be broken by a regular 'remove curse'.
                Item cannot be taken off until the curse is broken.
HEAVY_CURSE     requires a strong '*remove curse*' to be broken.
                Item cannot be taken off until the curse is broken.
PERMA_CURSE     This curse can never be broken.
                Item can never be taken off again! Mimics polymorphing into a
                form that cannot wear the specific item won't succeed either.
                There is absolutely no way to get rid of this item. If you
                find a way then you found a bug =).
CURSE_NO_DROP   these items cannot be dropped from inventory as long as the
                curse isn't broken. CURSE_NO_DROP occurs together with
                CURSED or HEAVY_CURSE.
AUTO_CURSE      occurs together with CURSED or HEAVY_CURSE.
                If the curse is broken, AUTO_CURSE items will automatically
                recurse themselves as soon as the item is equipped, taken off,
                or picked up. To get rid of an AUTO_CURSEd item that you don't
                need anymore (d)rop it to the ground after the curse has been
                broken. If you had the item equipped, don't take it off but
                (d)rop it to the ground right from your equipment! Otherwise
                it will recurse itself.
TY_CURSE        Randomly drains stats sometimes, even if the item is uncursed.
                (TY_CURSE will stay, even if the 'normal' curse is broken!)
                Lowers the items value by 15000 Au.
                ("It carries an ancient foul curse.")
DG_CURSE        Rarely summons a random monster on you, even if uncursed.
                (DG_CURSE will stay, even if the 'normal' curse is broken!)
                Greatly lowers the items value by 25000 Au.
                ("It carries an ancient morgothian curse.")

If 'CURSED' or 'HEAVY_CURSE' occurs on a weapon or armour piece, the curses
can alternatively be broken by enchanting the item's stats above +0.
Each enchantment of any of their stats (to-hit, to-dam, to-ac) above +0 has
a certain chance to break the curse. This can often be cheaper than buying a
*Remove Curse* scroll for HEAVY_CURSE items.



(5.15) Vampirism
----------------
Weapons and other items that you can equip may be 'vampiric' (see (5.8)),
meaning that they drain life from your target.
Mimics who use a vampire form and players of 'Vampire' race will also get a
vampiric 'brand' on their melee attacks (see (6.7)).

Vampiric life draining heals you with a part of the damage you afflicted on
your target each hit! The more damage you deal and the more attacks per round
you have, the more life you will leech back. There's a maximum amount of HP
which you can leech from a victim per round (usually around 50..100).

Vampirism does not work on all types of monsters. From some it is not possible
to drain life force. Those immune to vampirism are:
- undead monsters
- nonliving monsters
- in general, all elementals ('E'), golems ('g') and vortices ('v').
Although demons and angels don't really 'live', vampirism is able to drain
the powers that allow them to exist, and so vampirism works against those too.

The best case is to have vampiric flag on a weapon, that will drain at maximum
efficiency. If you use vampiric equipment like gloves, they will be a bit less
efficient than an actual vampiric weapon, meaning that you won't leech on
_every_ hit (the amount of leeched life per hit is not penalized though).
For ranged weapons it doesn't matter which part is vampiric, the bow or the
ammunition. It won't increase your over all life leeching if both are
vampiric either.

In general, vampiric flags don't stack from multiple items! Just the item that
fits the situation better (weapons) overrides the weaker ones (non-weapons).
Note that vampirism from mimicked forms only works on melee combat and has a
50% chance to go off (except for vampire bat which has 100%) due to a half of
vampires' attacks being normal hits and the other half being biting (which
does the actual leeching!).



(5.16) Invisibility
-------------------
Invisibility (for monsters as for players) is binary: Either you are invisible
or you are not - possible +mods on items that grant invisibility don't affect
the invisibility itself, but are usually just extra +stealth boni.
While characters either having or not having 'invisible' property is a binary
choice, the actual effect it has on gameplay will be affected by player/monster
level, the ability to see invisible, and shadow cloaks, as follows here:

A player who is invisible is harder to spot for monsters, making them move
erratically instead of directly targetting the player. This also helps against
casters, archers or breathers who won't be able to target you as well (often)
as they usually could. Being invisible costs your body a lot of effort,
resulting in getting hungry quickly.

Invisibility won't work at all on monsters that..
        -are invisible too.
        -special quest monsters (Sauron, Morgoth).
        -are Dragonriders, they have ESP.
        -nonliving monsters with empty mind (not using optical senses).

All other monsters are randomly affected by the player's invisibility,
meaning that they will only sometimes be able to spot him (they will see the
player kind of 'flickering').
The closer a monster is, the better its chances to spot the player.
Some monsters have better chances to spot the player, depending on
        -distance to the player,
        -level of the player (higher level = harder to spot),
        -monster class (Dragons, demons, undead, animals, never sleeping
                        monsters and smart monsters are better at it;
                        orcs, trolls, stupid monsters are worse),
        -the vision power of the monster,
        -the level of the monster,
        -player carrying a light source, doubles the chance of spotting him,
        -player wearing an aggravating item, further triples the chance.

Invisibility also affects other players:
If another player is invisible and of higher level than you..
        -you can see him if you can see invisible and he's not wearing a
         shadow cloak;
        -otherwise he'll be completely invisible to you.
If another player is invisible and not of higher level than you..
        -you can see him easily if you can see invisible and he's not wearing
         a shadow cloak;
        -you see him 'flicker' if you lack seeing invisible or if he's wearing
         a shadow cloak (or both). He will fade in and out of your sight.
         The lower his level, the more often you will be able to see him.
         If you want to look at his equipment then you'll need some timing,
         might take several tries.
Invisibility (on players) overrides ESP. So it does help in a (blood bond)
duel even if the opponent has ESP.



(5.17) How abilities, resistances and boni stack
------------------------------------------------
The same resistance from two or more items in your equipment don't add to each
other. For example you only need one item that provides fire resistance. If
you equip two such items you won't get better resistance than with just one
item. You cannot get "double resistance" from two items' permanent resistances.
This rule applies to all resistances and abilities that don't use a bonus
number to indicate their effectiveness, like faster mana recharging or hit
point regeneration, telepathic powers, slow digestion, etc.

However, there is a way to further increase your resistances temporarily:
Use an item that provides some temporary resistance. Temporary resistance and
permanent (such from your equipment) resistance stack and their effects are
multiplied! For example if you wear a shield of resist fire and you quaff a
potion of resist heat you'll have double fire resistance as long as the potion
lasts, resulting in fire damage being cut down to 1/9 instead of 1/3! This is
nearly as good as having fire immunity. (1/3 perm res * 1/3 temp res =
1/9 total res).
Not only potions can boost your resistances temporarily, some items can also
be activated for temporary resistance, for example cloaks of lordly resistance
or elemental protection rings or certain artifacts.

Stat increases or ability increases that are not 'flags' (flag means you either
have it or you don't) but that use bonus numbers will add to each other.
For example an orcish shield (+2) that increases your strength by +2 and a
kolla (+1) which also increases your strength (just by +1) will add up and
your character's strength will be increased by +3 in total!
Same goes for IV (Infra-Vision), luck, extra attacks, speed, etc.

There are some abilities which are not flags although they might look like it.
In fact, they add up / stack. Those are:
-Extra shots (concerning ranged weapons)
-Extra might (concerning ranged weapons)
-Drain mana ('Drains your magic'. Note that 'mana regeneration' does NOT
 stack. So it can cancel out the effect of only ONE item that drains mana, not
 of any more.)
-Drain hit points ('Drains your health'. note that 'regeneration' does NOT
 stack, so it can cancel out the effect of only ONE item that drains hit
 points, not of any more. However, the 'Health' skill is able to further
 increase your regeneration rate.)
-Extra light radius



(5.18) Monster auras
--------------------
Some monsters have auras of flashing lightning, freezing cold or furious
flames surrounding them! If a player engages such foes in close combat, each
time he lands a blow the aura will retaliate, dealing lightning / cold / fire
damage depending on the aura type. Some monsters even have multiple auras.
The damage of such auras may be significant. Especially important is the fact,
that the faster a player hits a monster, the more he will suffer from its
auras.

The damage an aura deals is decided by a dice roll:
[1 + (monsterlevel/26)] d [1 + (monsterlevel / 17)]

Example:
A warrior of level 30 is fighting a storm giant. The storm giant has an aura
of lightning surrounding him. The warrior is able to deal 6 blows per round
with his current weapon. The warrior has a source of permanent lightning
resistance (elvenkind armour), he lacks potions of resistance or lightning
immunity though. This means:

Storm giant has monster level 35 (assumed the warrior encounters him on
dungeon level 35), so his lightning aura will inflict 2d3 damage each hit.
The warrior has lightning resistance, so the damage will be cut down to 1/3,
which is 1 or 2.
Since the warrior has 6 bpr, he will suffer between 6 and 12 (6*1 and 6*2)
damage per turn while hitting the storm giant.



(5.19) Experience-draining items
--------------------------------
Some items, such as randart rings of power (dropped by Nazgul) drain your
experience points permanently. Here are some details about that process:
-Experience drain from multiple items stacks, although it doesnt add in a
 linear way. So, wearing two rings of power won't drain twice as fast as one,
 but about 1,5x as fast.
-Experience drain is permanent. It cannot be restored by potions of 
 restore life levels.
-Experience drain won't go further than the experience you need at least to
 maintain your current character level. If you reach that experience border,
 experience drain will stop, even if you still have the items equipped.
 So you will not lose levels from experience drain.
 HOWEVER: If a monster or other effect drains your experience below your
 current level, the experience drain from items will kick in again!



(5.20) Runes & Runemastery
--------------------------
Runes are magical symbols used to summon and manipulate the raw elemental
forces which sustain the world of life. They are the motivating force behind
the traditional systems of magic in TomeNET. The Istari's spell-scroll, for
example, are composed of a series complicated runes which both protect the
mage from immediate harm, and create the desired effect, from fireballs to
magical satiation.

Runemasters are less methodical in their approach to magic. Having learned
to summon elemental forces according to their desires without the
precautions, limitations and inefficiencies of the complex Istari spell
system, Runemasters deal directly with the 'pure' substance of magic,
and are limited only by their wits, their strength and their skill.

Runemastery is much more dangerous than the sensible Istari's approach! A
Runemaster risks losing control of their spells, which can result in
broken runes, physical damage, sickness, madness or even death.

These risks are compounded when the Runemaster is confused, stunned, low
on magical stamina or simply inexperienced with reference to the attempted
spell. While an Istar may be rendered helpless once they have cast all of
the spells that they can handle, a Runemaster lacks this precautionary
limitation, and may continue casting with significantly increased risks,
and a in the case of low mana, a magical penalty may be taken directly
from his or her health.

Further, runemastery is an inexact science. Spell effects will vary widely
with each attempt, although these variations will subside a little as the
runemaster becomes more experienced with the chosen runes. A runemaster will
always have some idea of how dangerous or successful each spell attempt has
been. As spells become more successful, they increase in potency and decrease
in cost. On the flip-side, less successful spells increase in cost and
decrease in potency.

Runemastery requires dexterious physical and intellectual manipulation of
the rune-forms, requiring high INT and DEX character stats. For this reason,
runemasters also make for decent thieves, and tolerable fighters: some of
a runemaster's spells may even increase their skill in hand-to-hand combat.

A successful runemaster will quickly develop an affinity for a small subset
of the available runes according to his or her nature, and will eventually
be able to recite the runes from memory, rather than relying on the physical
objects distributed about the world, but these physical reminders always
make rune-spells more successful, and are therefore essential for
inexperienced runemasters.

Runemasters are able to summon many kinds of spell effects and types, but
should be aware that some are much more difficult than others. All
rune-spells will have a different effect when projected on the world to the
effect they have when cast on the Runemaster. Experimentation in a safe
environment is essential.

Rune-spells are made up of three components:
    1. A combination of up to three runes
    2. A potency
    3. A spell-type

These are accessible through the m-key menu. When selecting runes, press
return once you are finished, or enter the maximum of three runes and continue
with selection. The rune-menu will prompt for a direction if it is required.

Runemastery macros look like this:
(The magic number for runemastery is 18)

    \e)m@18\ra\rcc*t

Which is a small fire bolt. (fire--small--bolt)

Or:
    \e)m@18\rabcab

Which is an elemental resistance self-spell (fire + cold + acid--minimized--
self).



(6) Character details
=====================
(6.1) Attributes
----------------
Depending on your race and class you will have different character attributes.
The attributes are also called 'stats'.

Stats are displayed as values from 3 (minimum) to 18.
(Note: This can be changed in TomeNET options, press key =5 and toggle
'linear_stats' option. It is recommended to keep the traditional way though,
which represents the D&D system of throwing three 6-sided dice to determine a
stat).

It is possible to gain even higher stats, those will be displayed as 18/xxx
where xxx is roughly the value above 18 multiplied by 10 (to allow fractions).
Examples:
18/10 is like 19 (ie 18+1).
18/120 is like 30 (ie 18+12).
18/47 is like 22. The fraction 0.7 is not factoring into actual gameplay.

If you quaffed the maximum of "stat potions" (potions raising your stats), the
maxed out attribute will be displayed in light umber.
An attribute is maxed out at 18/100 +/- racial/class modifiers.
Examples:
Human Adventurer has 18/100 + 0 + 0 = 18/100 cap for all stats, see (6.4) for
race boni and (6.5) for class boni.
Thunderlord Istari has an intelligence cap of 18/100 + 2 (Thunderlord) + 3
(Istari) = 18/150.

Stats can be raised over the character's cap by equipment. The total possible
maximum of an attribute is always 18/220 (40), which is displayed as 18/***.

Strength (STR)
    -How heavy may your weapon, bow or shield be? You can't fight with a
     weapon that is too heavy for you.
    -How heavy may your armour be? You will lose mana, boni or combat abilties
     if it's too heavy for you.
    -How much damage do you inflict on enemies? (to-dam bonus)
    -Are you able to deliver several blows per round with your weapon?
     (For details, also see (6.5).)
    -How much can you carry in your backpack without getting slowed down?
    -How easily you can bash doors open.
    -How far you can throw items.
    -Allows you to try hard to swim and not drown in deep water.
    -How easily you can dig.
Intelligence (INT)
    -Has influence on your mana pool size. (class-dependant)
    -How well can you cast spells that use INT to determine failure rate?
    -Has influence on your magic device handling skill.
    -Has influence on your disarming skill.
    -Do you notice if someone tries to steal from you?
    Also see (6.10) for more information about the 'Magic Device' skill.
Wisdom (WIS)
    -How well can you cast priest prayers or other spells that use WIS to
     determine failure rate?
    -Has influence on your mana pool size. (class-dependant)
    -How well can you resist malicious influences like poison, paralyzation,
     or confusion? (Means, your Saving Throw is depending on your WIS.)
    -Wisdom directly increases your sanity. Be careful! If you're very low on
     sanity taking off a +wisdom item can mean your death, in case your sanity
     drops to 0 by taking off the item.
Dexterity (DEX)
    -Has positive influence on your armour class and on your chance to hit
     enemies, also quite important for ranged weapons to-hit chance.
    -How well can you steal (from shops)? (A high DEX won't help much if your
     'Stealing' skill is zero by the way ;)
    -Are you able to deliver several blows per round with your weapon?
     (For details, also see (6.5).)
    -How likely are items or money stolen from you?
    -Can you prevent getting stunned from bashing a door clumsily?
    -Allows you to try hard to swim and not drown in deep water.
    -Has influence on your disarming skill.
Constitution (CON)
    -How many HP (hit points) do you have? Very essential.
     Note that CON effect caps depending on your character level. Roughly:
     At level 20 you can't utilize more than 18/60 CON. That means even if
     you raise your constitution above that value, your Hit Points won't
     increase as long as your character is level 20.
     At level 30, CON cap is 18/130, at level 40 it's 18/190, and at level
     45 and higher the full CON bonus is utilized for determining Hit Points.
    -Also reduces the duration of poisonous effects on you.
    -Reduces drowning (also for aquatic forms outside of water) effects.
Charisma (CHR)
    -Do you get good prices in shops? :)
     Note that shop prices also depend on racial preferences of the
     shopkeepers vs their customers. It is said, that Half-Trolls have an
     especially hard time.
    -Allows you to resist getting seduced.



(6.2) Skills, opposed skills
----------------------------
If you rise in character levels by gaining experience, you also get skill
points to distribute on various abilities. To invoke the skill system overview
press 'G' (capital G!).
If you make a mistake while distributing skill points, look up the /undoskills
command in (0.2).

Here is a list of the available skills and brief explanations to each one:
Note that not every skill is available to every profession (class).

+Combat                         Lets you wear heavier armour without spell
                                point penalty.
                                Lets you wear heavier armour without losing
                                dodge chance, or other roguish abilities like
                                dodging, dual-wield, critical-strike.
                                Lets you wear heavier armour without getting
                                a penalty to to-hit or sneakiness
                                (See (5.5) for details about encumberment.)
                                Ability to pseudo-ID items: You can sense
                                if items are terrible, worthless, cursed,
                                average, good, excellent or special.
                                At the beginning you will only feel 'cursed'
                                or 'good'.
                                Raise combat skill to at least 11 to get
                                more distinctive feelings about melee weapons
                                and armour.
                                A powerful combattant (combat 31) senses the
                                usefulness of ranged weapons and ammunition
                                more distinctively, even if (s)he's not
                                knowledgeable in archery otherwise.
                                A very powerful one (combat 41) can also
                                roughly estimate usefulness of magical items.
                                The further you train Combat, the faster you
                                will pseudo-id items.
                                Increases Fear/Stun/Confuse duration of the
                                target (if attacking causes those).
                                Reduces Fear/Stun/Confuse durations that you
                                suffer from.
                                Slightly increases melee and ranged to-hit
                                bonus, and melee to-damage bonus.
                                If your Combat skill isn't zero, then you can
                                press 'm' to check your base chance of
                                parrying (weapon) and blocking (shield), see
                                (6.11) for more details about parry/block.
    +Weaponmastery              Improves your Fighting ability.
                                Slightly increases melee to-dam and to-hit for
                                armed combat. Increases your chance to score
                                critical hits in armed combat.
                                If your server has parrying enabled,
                                Weaponmastery will also increase your parry
                                chance a good deal (see (6.11) for details).
        +Sword-mastery          Greatly improves to-dam/to-hit with swords.
                                At 25 and 50 you will get +1 blow per round
                                while having a sword equipped.
            .Critical-strike    Increases your chance to score hits of
                                extremely high damage. This skill improves
                                the chance to score critical hits and adds
                                to critical-hit bonus from your equipment.
                                NOTES ABOUT CRITICAL-STRIKE SKILL:
                                Critical-strike skill only helps light swords,
                                not heavier than 10.0 lb., while critical-hits
                                items will work with all weapons.
                                Also, Critical-strike skill will not give you
                                any benefits if your armour is so heavy that
                                you get a flexibility warning (compare (5.5)).
                                NOTES ABOUT CRITICAL HITS IN GENERAL:
                                You can always score critical hits,
                                independent on weapon class and crit-skill.
                                Martial artists can score critical hits too,
                                although the Critical-Strike skill won't do
                                anything for them (it only helps light SWORDS
                                not heavier than 10.0 lb).
                                The probability to land a critical hit will be
                                small though, if you don't have +critical hit
                                items or this skill to help out. Critical hit
                                bonus on items counts slightly more than the
                                skill.
                                Crit boni on weapons only apply to the weapon
                                itself, while bonus on other items such as
                                gloves or rings count for all kind of attacks.
                                For weapon users, the weight of their weapon
                                affects their critical hits:
                                If your weapon is lighter than 10.0 lb, your
                                chances to score a critical hit will further
                                increase.
                                Above 10.0 lb, the chance to hit your target
                                critically won't be worse than with a 10.0 lb
                                weapon.
                                Although your chance of hitting critical spots
                                is better with lighter weapons, the damage of
                                your critical strike -IF you manage to execute
                                one- is higher if your weapon is heavier
                                (in detail: the crit class is more likely
                                to be higher for heavier weapons).
        .Axe-mastery            See Sword-mastery
        .Blunt-mastery          See Sword-mastery
        .Polearm-mastery        See Sword-mastery
        .Combat Stances         This ability cannot be trained, but it is
                                increased automatically each time your
                                character gains a level.
                                If you attain the status of King, Queen,
                                Emperor or Empress and are at least level 45,
                                you will learn an additional royal rank version
                                of each stance, which is the most powerful
                                version. If you die and lose your title, you
                                won't be able to use the stance either.
                                Only warriors, mimics, paladins and rangers
                                can learn certain stances.
                                On certain skill levels, you will learn a new
                                rank of a stance.
                                Press 'm' to enter one of the combat stances
                                you have learned. You will learn a couple of
                                ranks of three basic combat stances, when you
                                reach a certain character level i.e. skill.
                                Each stance has advantages and disadvantages,
                                those are:
                                Defensive stance - you will block more,
                                                 - intercept less often,
                                                 - deal less damage.
                                                 Note: You can use it even
                                                 without shield - in that case
                                                 your chance of parrying is
                                                 increased instead of blocking.
                                Offensive stance - you can stun opponents
                                                   (compare (4.12)),
                                                 - intercept more often,
                                                 - parry and dodge less often,
                                                 - get an AC penalty same as
                                                   for being in 'fury'.
                                (A higher ranked stance features more of its
                                benefits and/or less of its drawbacks.)
    .Dual-Wield                 The ability to wield two weapons at once. This
                                ability cannot be trained (it's a switch).
                                Dual-wielding will give you additional parry
                                chance as well as a blows/round bonus
                                (see (6.11) for details about parrying).
                                You won't receive these boni if your armour is
                                too heavy (see (5.5)). By dual-wielding, your
                                character gains all magical abilities of both
                                weapons at once (only very few don't stack)!
                                In combat, a coin is flipped for each blow you
                                deal, determining randomly which weapon will
                                be used for that particular hit.
                                Note that both weapons must be 1-handed.
                                1,5- or 2-handed weapons cannot be used.
                                To avoid confusion: If you use weapons with
                                different blows/round, their bpr will get
                                averaged, and rounded up, then bpr bonus for
                                dual-wielding is added.
                                Example: 4bpr & 5bpr = 4.5bpr rounded to 5bpr.
                                Also by pressing 'm' you can disable/reenable
                                dual-wield mode.
                                While disabled ('Main-Hand mode') you will just
                                attack with your primary weapon exclusively,
                                and not receive any dual-wield specific boni;
                                this can be useful if it deals much more damage
                                than your secondary weapon.
                                While enabled ('Dual-hand mode') you will
                                attack with both weapons, picked randomly.
    +Archery                    Improves ranged to-damage bonus.
                                Allows you to learn some shooting techniques,
                                accessible via 'm', see (6.12) for details.
                                Increases your chance to score critical hits.
                                At 10 you may create ammunition from bones,
                                skeletons and rubble on the floor (press 'm').
                                (You can't pick up rubble; if you want to make
                                ammunition from it, just stand next to it!)
                                In order to create ammo, you need to wield the
                                appropriate ranged weapon before you try:
                                Bow/crossbow for bones, slings for rubble.
                                Lets you pseudo-id ranged weapons and
                                ammunition more often the higher the skill.
                                If increased to at least 11, pseudo-id will
                                give you much more distinctive feelings about
                                the items. Before that, you can only
                                distinguish between cursed and good.
                                At 20 the quality of your handmade ammunition
                                becomes remarkably better.
                                50 in archery grants +1 'extra might',
                                increasing your launcher's multiplier by 1.
                                NOTE: The extra might bonus does not apply
                                to Boomerangs! All other boni do apply.
        .Sling-mastery          Increases hit chance (while using a sling).
                                At 10,20,30,40,50 you will get +1 additional
                                shot per round each (while using a sling).
                                Also reduces the chance of your ammunition to
                                shatter by up to 90% at 50. (Example:
                                a shot that usually has 10% chance of breaking
                                will only have a 1% chance of breaking if your
                                skill is at 50.000.)
                                (only concerns ammo for slings).
                                Adds chance for your shots to ricochet, even
                                multiple times, hitting multiple enemies.
                                Note that magic and ethereal ammo fades away
                                the moment it hits, and never ricochets.
                                Note that the explosion of exploding ammo will
                                still hit "reflecting" monsters.
                                Artifact ammunition never breaks.
        .Bow-mastery            At 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 you will get +1 extra
                                shot per round each.
                                Same as Sling-mastery regarding ammunition.
        .Crossbow-mastery       At 25 and 50 you will get +1 extra shot AND
                                +1 extra-might-bonus each.
                                Same as Sling-mastery regarding ammunition.
    .Boomerang-mastery          At 16.6, 33.3 and 50 you get +1 extra throw
                                each. Boomerang-mastery also increases ranged
                                to-damage bonus while using a boomerang, and
                                reduces the chance of a boomerang to break or
                                to fall to the ground instead of returning.
                                Artifact boomerangs never break or fall down.
    .Martial Arts               Ability to fight with bare hands.
                                Slightly raises your character speed.
                                Lets you attack with special combat styles.
                                You get +1 extra attack at 1,10,20,30,40,45,50
                                each, so up to +7 blows per round in total.
                                At 10 you receive Feather Falling (Levitation).
                                At 15 your character gets fear resistance.
                                At 20 your character gets confusion resistance.
                                Gives you 'Free Action' (immunity to paralysis)
                                at skill level 25.
                                At 30 you're able to swim without problems.
                                At 40 your movement is perfected enough to
                                cross even highest mountains.
                                At 50 a martial artist will learn the
                                technique of flying!
                                Under certain conditions MA abilities cannot
                                be used and lose their effect, see (5.4)!
                                The dice of martial arts special moves
                                (which your character will use automatically
                                depending on your MA skill) are affected by
                                elemental brands, but slightly less than
                                normal weapons (2/3 as much).
                                Martial Arts gives you a chance / adds to your
                                chance of intercepting an enemy! See
                                'Interception' skill below.
                                For more details about MA see section (5.4).
                                Training Martial Arts skill will also slightly
                                increase your Dodging skill.
+Magic                          Improves your spellcasting abilities and
                                increases your mana capacity.
                                Lets you pseudo-id magic items, potions and
                                scrolls faster the higher your skill is.
                                If 'Magic' is at least at 11 points, you will
                                get more distinctive feelings from pseudo-id,
                                before that you only sense 'good' or 'cursed'.
    .Mimicry                    Ability to shapechange into a monster!
                                You also inherit the monsters abilities,
                                weaknesses and resistances!
                                See section (6.7) for more info.
                                To find out details about a monster form
                                look into the file r_info.txt in your
                                tomenet/lib/game directory!
                                (See (7.4) for more info about spoiler files.)
    .Magic-device               Ability to use magic devices (wands,rods,etc.)
                                without failing. Also increases their power.
                                Speeds up recharging of rods you carry.
                                See (6.10) for more information.
    .Spell-power                Increases the power of learned spells by
                                adding a bonus to the spell level.
                                At 50, it will raise spell levels by 40%.
                                (It won't raise the level of spells which you
                                haven't learned yet.)
    .Sorcery                    Learn to use spells of ALL magic schools at
                                once, instead of training a particular branch!
<< For more information about learning spells, see (6.8) >>
    .Mana                       Learn spells of the Mana branch.
    .Fire                       Learn spells of the Fire branch.
    .Water                      Learn spells of the Water branch.
    .Air                        Learn spells of the Air branch.
    .Earth                      Learn spells of the Earth branch.
    .Meta                       Learn spells of the Meta branch.
    .Conveyance                 Learn spells of the Conveyance branch.
    .Divination                 Learn spells of the Divination branch.
    .Temporal                   Learn spells of the Temporal branch.
    .Mind                       Learn spells of the Mind branch.
    .Nature                     Learn spells of the Nature branch.
    .Udun                       Learn spells of the Udun branch.
    .Holy Offense               Learn prayers of the Holy Offense branch.
    .Holy Defense               Learn prayers of the Holy Defense branch.
    .Holy Curing                Learn prayers of the Holy Curing branch.
    .Holy Support               Learn prayers of the Holy Support branch.
    .Arcane Lore                Learn druid magic tought by arcane lore.
    .Physical Lore              Learn druid magic tought by physical lore.
    .Psycho-Power               Learn mindcrafter spells of psycho-power.
    .Thought Contact            Learn mindcrafter spells of tought contact.
    .Mental Intrusion           Learn mindcrafter spells of mental intrusion.
.Runemastery                    Determines how skillful you are in handling
    .Fire and Cold              specific magical symbols or Runes.
    .Acid and Water
    .Lighning and Earth         For more info about runes, see
    .Poison and Wind            '(5.20) Runes & Runemastery'.
    .Mana and Chaos
    .Force and Gravity
    .Nether and Time
    .Mind and Nexus
+Sneakiness                     Slightly increases your character speed
                                (+7 at 50, so approx +1 every 7..8 points).
                                Slightly increases perception and searching.
                                Slightly reduces speed loss while in searching
                                mode, and very slightly while in rogues'
                                cloaking mode.
    .Stealth                    Increases your stealth, which determines
                                if monsters can hear you from a distance
                                or if you can sneak past them. Note that even
                                Thunderlords -also known as Dragonrider-
                                can become stealthy by using this! (Without
                                further +stealth items, stealth of a TL
                                Adventurer will become 'poor' instead of 'bad'
                                with Stealth at 26.000.)
    .Disarming                  Improves your disarming ability.
                                Also gives you a chance to salvage a trap kit
                                from any trap when you disarm it!
    .Trapping                   Improves your ability to set traps:
                                Gives you a higher chance to successfully
                                place a trap if a monster is close to you and
                                trying to interfere. Also, monsters will have
                                a harder time to discover your traps.
                                Last but not least you learn to optimize your
                                traps for higher damage output.
                                See (4.7) for details about monster traps.
    .Backstabbing               Lets you backstab enemies, afflicting high
                                damage. Works best if the opponent is
                                sleeping. Requires sword-type weapons.
    .Stealing                   Ability to steal (from shops)! Very nasty >:)
                                If you get caught, you will be on the
                                'blacklist of merchants' for a minute up
                                to 2 hours, depending on the item you tried to
                                steal from a shop. During this time it's
                                impossible to steal, and you will get BAD
                                prices (blackmarket-like) in shops.
                                Note that your blacklist timer won't decrease
                                while you are /afk !!
                                You'll also be on the 'watchlist', meaning
                                that you can shop normally, but are unable to
                                steal until the shopkeepers stop to watch you
                                so intensely. The watchlist runs out slower
                                than the blacklist, but allows you to be AFK.
                                Your chance to steal an item from a shop
                                depends on your dexterity, your stealing skill
                                and the price and weight of the item. Stealth
                                and invisibility are also somewhat helpful.
                                For example it's nearly impossible to steal a
                                large piece of wood without the store owner
                                noticing it, although it's not worth much :)
                                There's always a minimum chance of 5% to fail!
                                You need to be at least level 5 to steal.
                                You have a chance to successfully steal an
                                item even if your stealing skill is 0 and your
                                dexterity low. Everyone could try to steal..
                                If a shop offers an item more expensive than
                                it actually is (black market) that has no
                                effect on stealing. The 'normal' item value
                                is used to calculate the chances.
                                However, if an item is offered at reduced
                                price, it'll be easier to steal it!
                                It's more difficult to steal from special
                                stores (expensive black market and especially
                                rare footwear/jewellry/secret black market).
                                It's a good idea to wear as many +DEX items
                                as possible while trying to steal from a shop.
    +Dodging                    Ability to evade attacks. In order to get any
                                benefits from doding skill at all, your armour
                                mustn't be so heavy that you get a flexibility
                                warning (compare (5.5)) and also you must not
                                be using a shield.
                                There are various attacks that can be dodged:
                                Melee attacks mostly, bolts, arrows and the
                                likes (both magical and physical) shot by
                                enemies or traps at you. And it slightly helps
                                to dodge rubble coming down during an
                                earthquake.
                                Your actual chance to dodge an attack depends
                                on the total weight you are carrying around
                                with you, where inventory usually weighs most
                                and will encumber you the most.
                                Your equipment also musn't be too heavy,
                                although your weapons are allowed to weigh
                                quite a bit, as long as your armour isn't too
                                encumbering. However, for weapons, armour, and
                                inventory always goes: The lighter, the higher
                                your chances will be.
                                And of course your dodging chance depends on
                                your dodging skill, which (after penalized by
                                the weight of all your stuff) is compared to
                                the opponent's level or trap level.
                                (For dodging monsters, the rlevel (0.4) of that
                                monster type is important. Any additional
                                levels the monster may have gained due to
                                dwelling deeper than usual will not affect
                                your dodge chance.)
                                You can check your average dodging chance
                                against opponents of same level by pressing
                                'm' and choosing "Check dodge chance".
                                "Almost no chance" means less than 5%,
                                "Slight chance" -> less than 14%,
                                "Significant chance" -> less than 23%,
                                "Good chance" -> less than 30%,
                                "Very good chance" -> less than 40%,
                                otherwise "High chance" (may occur in actual
                                game play if opponent is much lower than you).
                                Against monsters that have way higher level
                                than you, you receive a minor penalty. You can
                                still dodge them quite effectively though.
                                Dodging also gets slightly increased when you
                                put points into "Martial Arts" skill.
        .Calmness               Ability to not get hindered by enemies.
                                Adjacent foes can interfere if you try to..
                                -shoot with ranged weapons,
                                -use a void jumpgate,
                                -invoke a mimic spell,
                                -set a monster trap,
                                -use a staircase.
        .Interception           Ability to interfere with adjacent enemies.
                                Can prevent them from teleporting, casting,
                                summoning, running away. The chance to
                                intercept an enemy is (2 * interception) +
                                (martial_arts_skill / 2) - (enemy_level / 3).
                                Example: Chance to intercept summoning of the
                                Balrog of Moria with maxed interception is
                                (2*50) + 0 - (50/3) = 84% base. Now since it's
                                spellcasting it's reduced to 75%: 84%*75%=63%.
                                For Morgoth it's (2*50)+0-(100/3) = 67% base.
                                To intercept his spells it's 75% of 67% = 50%!
                                (A maxed out martial artist would have 69%.)
                                Interception chance is recuded to 33% while
                                you are blind.
                                Interception chances also depend on what the
                                enemy is trying to do. Certain actions are
                                harder to intercept, those reduce the chance
                                further, to..
                                100%    for shooting
                                 85%    for running (fleeing / stepping back)
                                 75%    for casting a spell / summoning
                                 50%    for teleporting / phasing (blinking)
                                Note: While ball/bolt attacks are spells,
                                      breathing is NOT.
                                Interception chance caps at 80% (cap is
                                applied after all other penalties have been
                                factored in, at the very end of calculation).
                                Note: You aren't able to intercept a monster's
                                action while you are stunned. (Compare (4.11))
                                Note: Monster level means 'rlevel' (see (0.4)).
+Necromancy                     Drains life and mana from killed monsters,
                                replenishing your HP and SP.
                                Only works if you are able to see the target,
                                and if you are not dead yourself.
                                The amount of points gained depends on the
                                skill and the target's level. To get maximum
                                drain, the skill should be at least half as
                                high as the monster level.
                                Necromancy has no effect on undead and
                                nonliving monsters.
    .Traumaturgy                Drains mana from monsters when you inflict
                                damage on them, replenishing your SP.
                                Only works if you are able to see the target.
                                The amount of points gained is a fraction of
                                the damage points you inflicted and only
                                depends on damage and skill.
                                Traumaturgy has no effect on angels, undead,
                                and nonliving monsters.
    .Aura of Fear               Monsters that hit you are stroke by fear.
    .Shivering Aura             Monsters that hit you are stunned.
                                At a skill of 30 the aura is so strong that
                                your melee attacks (weapon as well as martial
                                arts will be branded by it. (Cold brand.)
    .Aura of Death              Monsters that hit you are hit by waves
                                of plasma and ice.
                                At a skill of 40 the aura is so strong that
                                your melee attacks (weapon as well as martial
                                arts) will be branded by it.
                                (Alternating fire or cold brand.)
.Antimagic                      Generated from your strong disbelief in magic
                                an anti-magic field surrounds you, preventing
                                attempts from other casters to cast spells or
                                summon monsters. This effect is cumulative
                                with the anti-magic field of a Dark Sword.
                                (See 5.9 for more info about dark swords.)
                                It's capped at 75% chance of interrupting
                                enemy spells.
                                Note that as soon as you invest a point into
                                this skill you won't be able to use any magic
                                wands,staves or rods anymore!
                                This skill also slightly affects your fellow
                                party members (casters).
                                Each point in Antimagic adds 1% to your
                                AM chance, so the max gain is +50% from skill.
                                Note: While ball/bolt attacks are spells,
                                      breathing is NOT.
                                Antimagic will also reduce the duration of all
                                timed magic effects on you, be it good or bad.
                                Warriors that specialize in Antimagic are
                                called 'Unbelievers' (The Anti-magic powers
                                result from their strong disbelief in magic).
+Health                         Increases your hit point regeneration rate:
                                (skill_level * 2)% chance to regenerate 1,5x
                                the normal amount of HP per turn (stacks with
                                REGEN items).
                                Increases your hit points by 2 for each point.
                                Also helps you to recover from temporary stats
                                drain, hallucination, blindness, paralysis,
                                confusion, slowness, poison and cuts faster.
                                If you spend 10 points into Health, your
                                sanity will be displayed as a bar.
                                At 20 points you'll get the percentage
                                displayed. At 40 the value will be shown.
    .Swimming                   Allows you to swim even while carrying more
                                weight.
    .Digging                    How well you are able to dig. Also affects
                                your chance to find items, for the items to
                                be good or even great, and affects the amount
                                of cash if you mine treasure.
    .Climbing                   You need this at 01.000 to learn climbing.

The abilities Swimming, Digging and Climbing are also granted by items you
can find. Those are for example items that grants you flying, so you may just
fly over water instead of swimming across. Wands of stone-to-mud will turn any
obstacle to mud that you could dig through, and some boots or a climbing set
might grant you the ability to climb highest mountains. Dwarves also learn
this ability automatically when they reach level 30.

Also see (7.5) for suggestions about skill point distribution.

Here is what the numbers mean (we will use the Axe-Mastery skill for this
example:

+Combat                         10.500  [0.800]
    +Weaponmastery               5.250  [0.800]
        .Axe-Mastery            15.000  [0.500]

As we can see this player has 10.5 skill points in Combat, 5.25 in
Weaponmastery and 15 in Axe-Mastery. He just reached a new level and hence
gained 5 skill points. Now he decides to invest them all into Axe-Mastery.
He presses <DOWN> key until the Axe-Mastery line is selected. Now he presses
<RIGHT> key 5 times to invest all his 5 spare skill points here.
Axe-Mastery will be increased by 0.500 points per invested skill point (hence
the [0.500] on the right), leaving him at 17.5 Axe-Mastery now.
Since sub-skills always slightly affect their parent skills, Weaponmastery
and Combat will also be raised slightly. The result might look like this:

+Combat                         10.750  [0.800]
    +Weaponmastery               6.250  [0.800]
        .Axe-Mastery            17.500  [0.500]


Opposed skills
--------------
Some skills don't go well together, and will have negative influence on each
other when increased, decreasing their opposite!
Take care on the following combinations:
        Weaponmastery   <->     Sorcery
        Archery         <->     Sorcery
        Martial Arts    <->     Sorcery
        Anti-magic      <->     excludes any type of magic and magic-devices,
                                including mimicry.
                                However, a mimicking player won't lose his
                                current form on training in Anti-magic.
                                He just won't be able to transform ever again
                                by using his mimic powers.
                                His form CAN still change though, if he is
                                zapped with a wand of polymorph, quaffs a
                                potion of Chauve-Souris, uses Morph Restoration
                                service of a shop or.. dies, three
                                things that he probably wants to avoid at all
                                costs in order to keep his 'final' form.



(6.3) Abilities
---------------
Depending on your race and class, you will be better or worse at certain
generic abilities. You can see your abilities in the character screen
(press 'C').

Miscellaneous Abilities can range from Bad to Legendary:
Bad         (red)    (or 'Very Bad' if negative, no real difference)
Poor        (red)
Fair        (yellow)
Good        (light green)
Very good   (light green)
Excellent   (light green)
Superb      (light green)
Heroic      (light green)
Legendary   (light green)

Some of those abilities have a maximum value after which they cannot be
increased any further. Such abilities show 'legendary' in different colours
than just light green. Instead they use:
Legendary   (dark green)    This means it's good enough to deserve being
                            called 'legendary'.
Legendary   (golden)        This means, that you have reached the absolute
                            highest possible value for this ability.


Here is a list of detailed information about miscellaneous abilities:

Fighting
    How well you can fight (hit chance; further boni like skills or +hit from
    equipment are added to the ability) or how easily you get disarmed.
Bows/Throw
    How well you can shoot/throw.
Saving Throw
    How well you can resist attacks that have influence on your status
    other than just hit points. For example poisoning, confusion or
    paralyzation.
Stealth
    Determines if monsters will immediately wake up if you're nearby or if
    you are able to sneak past sleeping monsters without waking them.
Perception
    Determines how often you have a chance to spot hidden traps or doors on
    adjacent fields without even searching for them. Whether you really
    discover something will depend on your Searching ability.
Searching
    Determines how easily you spot hidden traps/doors on adjacent fields
    while searching for them (with 's' or 'S'), or when you automatically
    notice them due to your Perception ability.
Disarming
    How well you can disarm traps (without setting them off), and how likely
    you avoid known traps if you accidentally step on them again.
Magic Device
    How well you can use magic items like wands, staves, rods (these are often
    especially hard to use) or activate magic items like Dragon Scale Mails.
    See (6.10) for more information.
Blows/Round
    How often per round you are able to strike with your weapon. This depends
    on your strength, dexterity, your class, your weapon.
    Spending points in specific weapon masteries will give you an additional
    blow at 25 and at 50 (like sword or blunt mastery).
    Tables of blows/round limits are at (5.4) (for martial arts) and at (6.5)
    (for melee weapons).
Shots/Round
    How often per round you are able to use your ranged weapon.
    Spending points into specific archery skills will give you additional shots
    (see 6.2 for details).
    Mimics may get additional shots per round if the monster form they use has
    the ability to shoot with ranged weapons (see 6.7 for details).
Infra-Vision
    How far you can see warm-blooded monsters in the dark.
    10 ft equal a distance of 1 field.
    Having this above zero can be very helpful for fighting monsters while you
    are blinded, since IV still works then.

Note that your age, height, weight, social class and gender don't have
influence on the gameplay at this time.


Apart from those generic abilities, there are several class- or race-specific
active or passive abilities, given in the race/class descriptions in (6.4) and
(6.5).



(6.4) Races
-----------
Depending on your race, you might need different amounts of experience to gain
a new character level. You also might have certain intrinsic abilities.

For Beginners a powerful yet simple race/class combination like Half-Troll
Warrior is strongly recommended.

Human
    Humans are allrounders with no special weaknesses or strengths.
    Humans have no experience penalties and tend to go up levels faster than
    most other races. No racial adjustments or intrinsics occur to characters
    choosing human.
    Humans get a bonus on 'Interception' and 'Climbing'.

Half-Elf
    Half-elves tend to be smarter and faster than humans, but not as strong.
    Half-elves are slightly better at searching, disarming, saving throws,
    stealth, bows, and magic, but they are not as good at hand weapons.
    Half-elves resist light intrinsically.
    They get bonus on 'Bow-Mastery' and 'Interception'.

Elf
    Elves resist light effects intrinsically and see invisible creatures.
    Elves are better magicians then humans, but not as good at fighting.
    They tend to be smarter and faster than either humans or half-elves and
    also have better wisdom.
    Elves are better at searching, disarming, perception, stealth, bows, and
    magic, but they are not as good at hand weapons.
    Elves get bonus on 'Bow-Mastery', 'Magic', 'Stealth', 'Dodging',
    'Calmness' and 'Sneakiness'.

Hobbit
    Hobbits have their dexterity sustained. Further, they get a dexterity bonus
    from not wearing shoes! Hobbits, or Halflings, are very good at shooting,
    throwing, and have good saving throws. They also are very good at searching
    disarming, perception, and stealth; so they make excellent rogues, but
    prefer to be called burglars. They are much weaker than humans, and no good
    at melee fighting. Halflings have fair infravision, so they can detect
    warm-blooded creatures at a distance. Hobbits resist black breath somewhat.
    They get bonus on 'Sling-Mastery', 'Stealth', 'Sneakiness' and 'Dodging'.

Gnome
    Gnomes are intrinsically protected to paralysis effects. Gnomes are smaller
    than dwarves but larger than halflings. They, like the hobbits, live in the
    earth in burrow-like homes. Gnomes make excellent Warlocks & Sorcerers, and
    have very good saving throws. They are good at magic, searching, disarming,
    perception, and stealth. They have lower strength than humans so they are
    not very good at fighting with hand weapons. Gnomes have fair infra-vision,
    so they can detect warm-blooded creatures at a distance.
    Gnomes receive bonus on 'Crossbow-Mastery', 'Magic', 'Dodging' and
    'Digging'.

Dwarf
    Dwarves can never be blinded and at level 30 they learn to travel across
    even the highest mountain regions.
    Dwarves are the headstrong miners and fighters of legend. Since dungeons
    are the natural home of a dwarf, they are excellent choices for a warrior
    or priest. Dwarves tend to be stronger and tougher but slower and less
    intelligent than humans. Because they are so headstrong and are somewhat
    wise, they resist spells which are cast on them. Dwarves also have very
    good infra-vision because they live underground. They do have one big
    drawback, though. Dwarves are loudmouthed and proud, singing in loud
    voices, arguing with themselves for no good reason, and screaming out
    challenges at nearby foes. In other words, dwarves have a miserable
    stealth.
    They receive bonus on 'Axe-Mastery' and 'Digging'.

Half-Orc
    Because of their preference to living underground to on the surface,
    Half-orcs resist darkness intrinsically. They make excellent warriors and
    decent priests, but are terrible at magic. They are as bad as dwarves at
    stealth, and horrible at searching, disarming, and perception. Half-Orcs
    are quite ugly, and tend to pay more for goods in town. Half-Orcs do make
    good warriors and rogues, for the simple reason that Half-Orcs tend to
    have great constitutions and lots of hit points.
    They get bonus on 'Weaponmastery', 'Backstabbing', 'Necromancy' and receive
    slight penalties on 'Magic' and 'Sorcery'.

Half-Troll
    Half-trolls have their strength sustained. They are very strong, but also
    very stupid and slow. They make great warriors and iffy priests. They are
    bad at searching, disarming, perception, and stealth. They are so ugly
    that a Half-Orc grimaces in their presence. Half-trolls have their
    strength sustained and also happen to be fun to play. They need to eat
    often.
    Half-Trolls get bonus on 'Blunt-Mastery', 'Health' and 'Swimming'. They
    receive larger penalties on 'Magic' and 'Sorcery'.

Dunadan
    Dunadain have their constitution sustained. Dunadain are a race of hardy
    men from the West. This elder race surpasses human abilities in every
    field, especially constitution. However, being men of the world, very
    little is new to them, and levels are very hard for them to gain.
    A Dunadan gets bonus on 'Combat', 'Magic' and 'Archery'.

High-Elf
    High-Elves can see the invisible and resist light and the flow of time
    intrinsically. They are a race of immortal beings dating from the
    beginning of time, masters of all skills, strong and intelligent, although
    their wisdom is sometimes suspect. They do very well in all professions.
    There are few things that they have not seen already, and experience is
    hard for them to gain.
    High-Elves receive bonus on 'Bow-Mastery', 'Magic', 'Stealth', 'Calmness'
    and 'Dodging'.

Yeek
    Being weak and losing many childhood fights, they have learned the
    ability to float gently to the ground. They have intrinsic feather
    falling (same as 'levitation' effect).
    Often having to escape from precarious situations, yeeks are able to pass
    through dense forest quickly.
    Yeeks are the least powerful of all the races. They suffer disadvantages
    in all stats and have attributes similar to humans. However, to
    compensate Yeeks learn, and thus gain levels, extremely quickly.
    Yeeks don't receive boni or mali on any skills.

Goblin
    Goblins resist darkness intrinsically. Goblins have a decidedly
    mixed reputation. They are almost always grinning, and more often than
    not you cannot tell whether or not they are eyeing you like a side of
    meat. They are as sturdy as Dwarves and are quite agile making them
    good fighters, rogues, and mimics. Being creatures of the night,
    Golbins have natural resistance to darkness.
    They receive bonus on 'Boomerang-Mastery' and 'Stealing'.

Ent
    The Ents are a powerful race dating from the beginning of the world,
    eldest of all animals or plants who inhabit Arda. Spirits of the
    land, they were summoned to guard the forests of Middle-earth.
    Being much like trees they are very slow but strong and do not have
    to eat as often. Because they consist of wood, they are quite
    susceptible to fire and they don't drown in water. As the Shepherds
    of the Trees, they can learn to sense the presence of others, such
    as animals  at level 10, orcs at 15, trolls at 20, giants at 25,
    dragons at 30, demons at 40 and all evil-minded creatures at level 50.
    Trees will slightly bend aside to let ents pass through.
    At level 4 they learn to see invisible things.
    They accumulate experience very slowly. Ents do not eat normal food, but
    are able to consume liquids. Ents resist the force of unleashed water.
    Ents are able to slowly replenish themselves by drawing nourishment from
    the ground by entering 'R'esting mode, provided it's natural ground such
    as grass, earth, mud or water.
    They get boni on 'Health', 'Calmness' and on the magic schools 'Earth' and
    'Water' and they receive penalties on 'Fire' school, 'Axe-mastery' and a
    slight penalty on 'Sword-mastery'.

Thunderlord (also known as Dragonrider)
    Thunderlords can eat firestones to temporarily boost their powers.
    They have an intrinsic telepathic vision of all nearby creatures, the
    radius expands as they gain levels. At level 5 they can spot dragons
    anywhere on the level. They even gain intrinsic basic resistances,
    fire at 10, cold at 15, acid at 20 and electricity at 25. At level 30
    they learn how to fly. Thunderlords are not very wise, and need a very
    long time to gain experience. They need to eat often. Thunderlords have
    feather falling (levitation) from birth. See (5.9) for firestone details.
    They receive bonus on 'Polearm-Mastery', 'Aura of Fear' and the magic
    schools 'Conveyance' and 'Fire'.

Dark-Elf
    Dark-Elves dwell below the surface in huge caverns of their underground
    city. The children are already drilled to become sworn enemies of most
    other races of the underground, and also of the hated Elves and High-Elves
    who live on the surface under the burning light of the sun. Overthrowing
    rivals by treachery and murder are acknowledged ways in their society.
    Dark-Elves are good fighters and sorcerors, but also decent priests.
    Dark-Elves intrinsically resist darkness, but are susceptible to light.
    At level 20 they learn to see the invisible.
    They get bonus on 'Archery', 'Stealth', 'Dodging' and 'Sneakiness'.

Vampire
    These powerful undead creatues move out in the night to hunt living prey
    and suck its blood to sustain themselves. Vampires resist darkness, but
    are susceptible to light. They fear the sun light and any other kind of
    blessed light source, since it burns them, draining their hit points.
    They don't actually need a light source, since they are able to determine
    their close surroundings even in complete darkness. This ability grows
    when the vampire rises in character-levels.
    Vampires are good fighters and decent mages. However, they are unable to
    utilize magic of water or nature school. Neither can they make use of
    mimicry techniques or holy spells. They are unable to try and suppress
    magic, but can make use of items that provide antimagic effects.
    They resist time, darkness, nether, poison and it's hard to drain their
    life force. They also have partially life leeching (vampiric) attacks
    (see '(5.15) Vampirism' for more information).
    Vampires cannot eat normal food, instead they need to feed off living
    creatures. Vampires dislike blunt weapons, get a small penalty
    on divination magic, but receive a bonus on all necromancy skills.
    They become able to turn into a bat at level 20.
    Vampires start with a mummy wrapping, because it can protect them from the
    sunlight (press 'w' to wear it). If they are moving on the world surface
    (meaning not in a dungeon/tower) while it's day, the sun will burn them if
    they don't resist light or wear a mummy wrapping. Hint: Polymorphing into
    a vampire bat may improve hit point regeneration rate.

Here is a table showing boni/mali of the different races:
(Di:Disarming,      MD:Magic Device,        ST:Saving Throw,    St:Stealth,
Pe:Perception (sight range), Sr:Searching,  Fi:Fighting,        BT:Bows/Throw)
Note that Yeeks are limited to 4 melee attacks per round (not including boni
from skills or items yet).

            STR INT WIS DEX CON CHR     HPdice  Exp%    Infra-Vision
            Di  MD  ST  St  Pe  Sr  Fi  BT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Human        0   0   0   0   0   0       10     100%     0ft
             0   0   0   0  10   0    0   0
Half-Elf    -1  +1  +0  +1  -1  +1        9     110%    20ft
             2   3   3   1  11   6   -1   6
Elf         -1  +2  +1  +1  -2  +2        8     120%    30ft
             5   6   6   1  12   8   -5  15
Hobbit      -2  +2  +1  +3  +0  +1        7     115%    30ft
            15  18  18   4  15  12  -10  20
Gnome       -1  +2  +0  +2  +1  -2        8     125%    40ft
            10  12  12   3  13   6   -8  12
Dwarf       +2  -2  +2  -2  +2  -3       11     130%    50ft
             2   9   9  -1  10   7   15   0
Half-Orc    +2  -1  +0  +0  +1  -4       11     115%    30ft
            -3  -3  -3  -1   7   0   12  -5
Half-Troll  +4  -4  -2  -4  +3  -6       12     135%    30ft
            -5  -8  -8  -2   5  -1   20 -10
Dunadan     +1  +2  +2  +2  +3  +2       10     170%     0ft
             4   5   5   2  13   3   15  10
High-Elf    +1  +3  -1  +3  +1  +3       10     250%    40ft
             4  20  20   3  14   3   10  25
Yeek        -5  -5  -5  -5  -5  -3        7      80%     0ft
             0   0   0   0  10   0    0   0
Goblin       0  -1  -4  +4  +2  -5       10     120%    30ft
             2  -3  -3   0   8   2   12  -5
Ent         +8  -4  +2  -4  +8  -4       14     320%    50ft
             5   0  20  -6   4   5   15   5
Thunderlord +6  +2  +1  +1  +3  +5       12     350%     0ft
             6   0  10 -16  10  30   15   5
Dark-Elf     0  +2  +1  +3  +1  -6       10     140%    50ft
             0   3   6   4  10   6   15  15
Vampire     +2   0  -3  -1   0  -6       11     220%   100ft
            -4   0  20   2  13  -4   10 -10



(6.5) Classes/Professions, titles, melee blows/round
----------------------------------------------------
Depending on your class, your start-up equipment and your skill tree will
vary. For example a warrior cannot learn magic spells.

Adventurer
    Adventurers can train nearly all skills, but are not very good in a
    specific one. Their magical power is basing on their intelligence as well
    as wisdom.

Warrior
    A Warrior is a hack-and-slash character, who solves most of his problems
    by cutting them to pieces, but will occasionally fall back on the help of
    a magical device. Their prime stats are Strength and Constitution, and a
    good Dexterity can really help at times. A Warrior will be good at melee
    and bows, but bad at most other skills. A Warrior learns no magic but can
    train to use magic devices. A warrior has more attacks per round than any
    other class.
    Warriors can decide to become 'Unbelievers' by spending points into
    the 'Anti-magic' skill. As soon as they spend the first point here
    they will immediately become unable to use any magic wand/staff/rod!
    The full opposite of Sorcerers, Unbelievers so strongly despise magic that
    not only do they refuse to use magic spells, they refuse all training in
    the use of magic items, which leaves them almost totally incompetent when
    trying to use a magic item, although they can still quaff potions and read
    scrolls. Because they are so unattuned to magic, Unbelievers can prevent
    magical gates from opening around them, eventually extending to a complete
    suppression of teleportation abilities and all magic in the area around
    them.
    Warriors can also become monk-like fighters, by training the Martial Arts.
    The warrior class is recommended for beginners.

Istar (elvish word for Mage)
    Istari use intelligence primarily, determining how much mana they have
    to cast spells and how low their failure rate is.
    They are the all-around best magicians, having the most powerful spells.
    A high-level Istar can be very powerful, but getting there can be a
    difficult journey. On the downside, they are the worst fighters, being
    unable to use any weapon but a Mage Staff comfortably, and still unable
    to be anything even remotely approaching effective with it.
    An Istari has very few hit points compared to other classes, making
    survival difficult in the beginning. That's why this class is not
    recommended for beginners.

Priest
    Priests use certain divine magic, uttered as prayers. Unlike mages they
    have a fair fighting potential with blunt or blessed weapons. Priests
    can learn many spells that are helpful to their party members. They use
    mainly wisdom for their prayers, determining the amount of mana and how
    low their failure rate is.
    A Priest is a character of holy devotion. They explore the dungeon only
    to destroy the evil that lurks within, and if treasure just happens to
    fall into their packs, well, so much more to the glory of their church!
    They are very good with magical devices, preferring to call them
    instruments of their god, but are not as good as Istari in their use.
    Priests also have excellent saving throws due to divine intervention.
    Priests make decent fighters, preferring blunt weapons over edged ones.
    Wisdom is the priest's primary stat.
    Note that priests get a penalty for wielding non-blunt weapons, except
    for BLESSED weapons which priests can use without problems independently
    of their type.
    Priests are especially adept at sensing curses on any sort of item, an
    ability that grows with their character level.

Rogue
    Rogues can backstab sleeping or fleeing monsters, and they can train
    stealing items from shops and other players. Thanks to their high dexterity
    they can often hit several times per round with light weapons.
    Also, rogues are especially fond of dual-wielding two light one-handed
    weapons at once.
    A Rogue is a character that prefers to live by cunning, but is capable of
    fighting their way out of a tight spot. The master of traps and locks, no
    device is impossible for him to overcome. A rogue will learn to set many
    kinds of traps as they become more experienced. Rogues have very high
    stealth allowing them to sneak around many creatures without having to
    fight, or to sneak up and get the first blow, backstabbing his opponent.
    A rogue's perception is higher than any other class, and usually they
    notice traps or secret doors without needing a search. Rarely will a
    rogue be unable to avoid or disarm a trap. Rogues also have the unique
    ability to train stealing from his fellow men, a dangerous but sometimes
    very rewarding profession. Rogues are better than warriors or paladins
    with magical devices, but still can not rely on their performance.
    Rogues can also learn a few spells. When searching for hidden traps, doors
    and stairs, they may spot them more easily, even from a distance, which
    increases when the rogue gains levels.
    At level 15, rogues will learn another special ability: Cloaking mode.
    (Press 'V' to make your character prepare for cloaking up / uncloaking.)
    By cloaking their physical appearance and body warmth pattern perfectly,
    which takes a certain time to get prepared, they become completely
    untrackable to almost any monster, for exceptions see (0.2).
    Attacking, taking damage, and a couple of other actions immediately
    breaks cloaking, again see (0.2) for details.
    Auto-retaliation is disabled while cloaked, except for the Stormbringer.
    A rogue's primary stats are Intelligence and Dexterity.

Mimic
    Mimics can learn how to shapechange and use monsters' forms, thus
    inheriting nearly all of the monster's abilities. Mimics learn forms
    by killing as many of a certain monster type as that type has a high
    level. Further, their 'Mimicry' skill must be at least 1/2 of the
    monster level. If mimics kill monsters whose level is higher than
    2 x their mimicry skill those kills will nevertheless be counted in
    case the skill is raised to the appropriate level later.
    Example: To use the form of an Ancient Bronze Dragon (level 40) the
    mimic has to kill 40 of them and have a mimicry skill of at least 20.
    To find out how many monsters you already killed and how many you need
    in total to learn a form, press the '~' key followed by '3'.
    To polymorph into a form, press 'm' key, like casting a magic spell.
    (Forms that have DISBELIEVE ability are skipped when using the normal
    'Polymorph Self' spell. You have to use 'Polymorph Self Into..' if you
    want to use these forms.)
    To find out the special abilities of a monster form, see section (6.7).

Archer
    Archers aren't good at fighting, but can deliever extremely high damage
    with their ranged weapons. They can die quickly too, however.
    Archers are to bows what warriors are to melee. They are the best class
    around with any bow/xbow/sling, usually most familiar with bows.
    An Archer is very bad at melee, being only better than the Sorcerer.
    Archers can create ammunition from the bones of their opponents.

Paladin
    Paladins are a combination of warrior and priest. Holy knights that
    fight the evil with hammers and swords as well as divine support.
    Paladins are nearly as strong as pure warriors. They cannot become
    unbelievers.
    Paladins are not very good at missile weapons. They are poor at 
    stealth, perception, and searching. They are better than fighters
    with magical devices and have a decent saving throw due to divine
    protection. Their primary stats are strength and wisdom, although
    intelligence can slightly help too.

Ranger
    Rangers are a combination of warrior and mage. They are also skilled
    trappers and devoted to nature. They cannot become Unbelievers.
    They are good fighters, and quite effective with bows, second only to
    Archers. Rangers have good stealth, perception, searching, saving
    throws, and are good with magical devices. Rangers are a
    jack-of-all-trades class who can find several different ways out of
    any situation. They use intelligence for spellcasting, same as mages.
    At level 20 rangers learn to find paths passing thick woods.

Druid
    Druids are able to call upon the mystical powers of nature and very good
    at it. Their wisdom is of primary importance to determine their mana and
    success chances when casting spells.
    Druids can shapechange into several animal forms without having to fight
    or kill them in order to learn about their form. They learn one or more
    new forms at each character level that is dividable by 5. Druids are able
    to always use their full equipment, even while transformed.
    They're about as good at fighting as priests or shamans, not too great but
    fair enough; they despise the use of weapons though.
    A specialty of druids is, that they are still able to wear their full
    equipment even if their appearent shape is not human but of an animal.
    Druids learn how to quickly pass through thick forest at level 10.
    (Special note (compare 6.7): If they wield a weapon while using a form
    which usually cannot use weapons, they will only get 1 blow per round.)
    To recheck which forms you can transform into, use the /ex command.
    To see an overview of the forms and their abilities, see (6.7a).

Shaman
    Shamans are able to call upon both spiritual and magical powers,
    whatever they deem most appropriate. Their mind is also trained in a very
    versatile manner, allowing them to collect energy from intelligence or
    wisdom, whatever currently is easiest for them! Shamans are able to learn
    to take on shape of animals, giants or dragons, and even ride on summoned
    dragons, taking on the shape of dragonriders. They can also appear as a
    spirit, elemental or ghost after they destroyed enough of them, while
    still using their full equipment! Shamans are always able to move straight
    even if the creature in whose shape they appear usually doesn't.
    Shamans are excellent at magic and may have weaker combat abilities than
    rangers or paladins, but still don't need to hide from a melee. Their
    spiritual abilities allow them to easily train various aspects of
    necromancy as they see fit.
    At level 20 shamans learn to perceive the invisible.

Runemaster
    Runemasters use arcane symbols or 'runes' to summon pure elemental magic.
    They use their intelligence and dexterity to both manipulate and protect
    themselves from the fickle and dangerous forces of their art.
    Runemasters are not the most dedicated or systematic of adventurers, and are
    often rely on flashy tricks and sleight-of-hand. Because of this, and their
    tendncy towards thievery, they are often mistaken for rogues.
    This roguish nature allows them to train in a specific weapon proficiencies,
    although their lack of dedication leaves 'Weaponmastery' as an unattainable
    goal. Some runemasters may be able to use rune-spells to enhance their combat
    abilities.
    Runemasters are able to train some skills that are typical for rogues: they
    are calm under pressure and are able to intercept and disarm things very well.
    For more information about runes, see '(5.20) Runes & Runemastery'.

Mindcrafter
    Mindcrafters are a fair melee fighters who specialize in use of telepathy
    to unleash spells formed by their psychic powers. They have a lot of
    possibilities to positively or negatively influence the minds of others,
    and will have reduced repertoire if they are up against creatures of
    little or no intelligence. Their primary stat attribute is intelligence,
    which determines their spell fail rates as well as the most part of their
    mana pool. Also somewhat affecting the mana pool are their secondary and
    tertiary attributes charisma and wisdom, although especially wisdom is
    hardly of any importance to become an able telepathy user.
    Despite being focussed on sharpening their mind, they don't lack stealth
    or close combat potential. Except that wearing very heavy head gear might
    negatively impact their amount of psychic energy.
    Mindcrafters will be able to resist sanity-draining effects a little bit
    at level 10, and somewhat more even at level 20.
    Some of the mindcrafter's spells that interact with friendly targets,
    mostly his team mates, will require those to prepare and open their mind
    to become especially sensitive to telepathic contact. This is done by
    pressing 'p'. Pressing it again will return one's mind to normal.
    The effects of some necromancy skills are somewhat distracting to
    mindcrafters, so training them may require a slightly more effort.


If you raise in levels, you will get new titles. These are displayed between
your class name and your character level in the main window. If you die and
become a ghost, the title will change to 'Ghost' until you get revived.
Titles change every 5 levels, the final Title is received on level 50.
From level 60 and upwards there are special titles available which probably
very few players will ever acquire.

Here is a table showing boni/mali of the different races:
'Blows/Round' is the maximum number of melee attacks per round a character can
have basing on strength and dexterity and on the weapon's weight.
To that maximum of blows per round further boni are added, like extra blows
from a specific weapon-type mastery or from rings of extra attacks or magical
influence from priest prayer 'Zeal'.
Note that these blows/round limits don't count for Martial Arts users (as long
as they fight barehanded). See (5.4) for a table of MA attacks.
Parrying and blocking only has effect if your server has enabled the ability
to parry or block (using weapon or shield) enemy attacks.
See (6.11) for details about parry and block.

(Di:Disarming,      MD:Magic Device,        ST:Saving Throw,    St:Stealth,
Pe:Perception (sight range), Sr:Searching,  Fi:Fighting,        BT:Bows/Throw)

            STR INT WIS DEX CON CHR     HPdice  Exp%    Max. base blows/round
            Di  MD  ST  St  Pe  Sr  Fi  BT              Parrying/Blocking
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Warrior     +5  -2  -2  +2  +2  -1      +10       +0%       6
            25  18  18   1   2  14  70  55              superb   superb
Istar       -5  +3  +0  +1  -2  +1       +0      +35%       1
            30  36  30   2  20  16  34  20              bad      bad
Priest      -1  -3  +3  -1  +0  +2       +4      +20%       4
            25  30  32   2   8  16  48  35              poor     poor
Rogue       +2  +1  -2  +3  +1  -1       +5      +15%       5
            45  32  28   5  32  24  60  66              superb   fair
Mimic       +1  +0  +0  +1  +1  -4       +6      +30%       5
            25  35  28   1  18  18  60  66              good     good
Archer      +1  +0  +2  +3  +1  -1       +5      +10%       3
            30  32  28   2  20  24  56  82              fair     fair
Paladin     +3  -3  +1  +0  +2  +2       +8      +30%       5
            10  21  54   1  16  13  60  29              good     superb
Ranger      +2  +2  -1  +1  +2  +0       +7      +35%       5
            34  32  30   5  30  30  50  60              superb   fair
Adventurer   0   0   0   0   0   0       +6      +25%       4
            20  20  20   2  15  15  50  50              fair     fair
Druid       +1   0  +2  -2  -2  +1       +5      +40%       4
            30  40  30   5  25  25  50  60              fair     fair
Shaman       0  +1  +2  -2   0   0       +4      +45%       4
            10  13  30   5  30  20  45  20              poor     poor
Runemaster  +1  +2  -3  +3  -3  -3       +5      +20%       4
            10  20  20   0  30  20  45  20              fair     fair
Mindcrafter  0  +2   0   0   0  +1       +5      +25%       5
            30  30  36   2  35  14  45  35              good     fair


For melee characters, it's especially vital to know how many blows per round
they will get right after character creation, to avoid them being unnecessarily
weak during low-mid levels.
So a melee-oriented character should make sure to start with sufficient
STRength and DEXterity to be able to get at least 2 blows/round with the
lightest possible weapons. (Getting more bpr with heavy weapons is a luxury
that will have to be put aside until later in the game.)

Note that a (heavier) startup weapon at 2 bpr might beat a very light weapon at
3 bpr for a few levels at the beginning, maybe up to 4 or so. So you can wait
for a little a bit until spending $ on it.


(6.5a) Start-up Blows/Round Table
---------------------------------
Here is a table, showing you some bpr numbers you can expect your newly
created character to have, depending on certain combinations of class, STR,
DEX, given for both, lightest possible weapon and startup weapon:
(Don't forget that some classes can dual-wield, adding an extra +1 bpr on top!)

Class           STR     DEX     Light weapon    Startup weapon
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Warrior         18/30   all     3               1-2 (depends on weapon)
                18/50   all     3               2
                18/50   18/10   4               2
                18/70..110  *   3-4             3 (depends on weapon)

Istar           -

Priest          18/50   10      3               2
                18/10   10      2               1

Rogue           15      18/10   2               2
                18/10   18/50   3               3

Mimic           similar to priest, also:
                18/30   18/10   3               2

Archer          -

Paladin         18/10   10      2               1
                18/20   10      2               2
                18/30   10      3               2

Ranger          similar to priest, also:
                18/50   10      3               2-3 (depends on weapon)
                18/30   18/10   3               2-3 (depends on weapon)

Adventurer      similar to paladin, also:
                18/30   18/10   3               2-3 (depends on weapon)

Druid           -

Shaman          similar to priest

Runemaster      similar to rogue

Mindcrafter     similar to ranger

So if you're playing a melee-oriented characer, make sure you start with at
least 2 bpr (in some cases you might have to buy very light weapon and discard
your starter weapon to achieve this)!

If you think it's strange that 'Mimic fights similar to Priest' keep in mind
that this is not about actual melee potential, but rather about some sort of
'blows/round improvement curve' displayed by a class. If a class is busy
studying other things in parallel (magic), its learning curve gets less steep.
This, however, doesn't determine its final performance, which is actually
given by the 'Max. base blows/round' shown further above, and other parameters.



(6.6) Sanity
------------
Your sanity can have the following values:
Sound, Sane, Weird, Insane, Mad, Vegetable.

If you spend 10 points on your 'Health' skill, the sanity display will turn
into a bar, displaying exacter values. At 20 points you'll get the percentage
displayed. At 40 the value will be shown.

At the beginning, your sanity is always 'Sound'. That means you are completely
sane. Monsters or traps can reduce your sanity. If your sanity drops below 0,
your mind will be qualified as an unthinking vegetable, this means your
character is permanently dead, so be extremely cautious! Fortunately there are
potions available that cure your sanity, although they are not very common and
cannot be bought in shops. Wisdom helps against insanity by inceasing your
'sanity capacity'. As you gain levels, your sanity capacity will also increase.
However, this means IF your sanity drops to dangerous regions, you will need
more potions to cure it.

If your sanity is lowered, there's an increasing chance that flashbacks will
storm your head, leaving you with mad visions for a while..



(6.7) Mimic details, polymorph rings
------------------------------------
If a mimic polymorphs into a certain monster form, abilities and stats will be
averaged between the normal ('@') body and the form. In most cases if the form
is performing worse than @-form in a certain ability, the @-form will dominate
and the ability will be only slightly worse than normal.
The averaging is done because the mimic with all his equipment polymorphs into
the target form. It's not like the polymorphing is done first and afterwards
armour, weapon or jewelry is equipped.
So wearing a ring of protection for example won't plainly add to the mimic's
AC but just contribute to the @-form AC which is then averaged in the process
of determining the final form's AC.
How exactly stats are calculated is written below for each case.

If a mimic wields a weapon while using a form which usually cannot use weapons
the number of blows per round will be set to 1 (regardless of extra attacks).
(This only really applies to druids, shamans or perma-cursed weapons (5.14)).

To find out the special abilities of a monster form, consult the file
/lib/game/r_info.txt in your tomenet directory, and look up the monster.
(See (7.4) for more info about spoiler files.)
It's abilities will transform to the mimic's body as follows:

W: depth : rarity : corpse weight : experience for kill
  depth:
    The depth is also the basic level of these monsters. It tells you how
    many of them you need to kill to learn mimicking their form.
  corpse weight:
    The weight of the form has impact on its stealth. A huge form that weighs
    a lot will give a stealth penalty, while small and light forms may give a
    bonus.

I: speed : hit points : vision : armor class : alertness
  speed:
    110 means normal speed. If the monster is faster, the mimic will
    receive a speed bonus of 30% of the monster's speed above 110.
    If the monster is slower, the mimic will receive a speed malus of
    20% of the monster's speed malus below 110.
    So a monster moving at 130 speed will give the mimic +6 speed.
  hit points:
    The monster's hit dice xdy are multiplied and then capped against ~2500,
    so gain might decrease in higher regions. (Cap details: The monster HP is
    calculated by the following formula before further calculations are made:
    monster HP = 50000 / ((50000 / hdice*hsides) + 20) .)
    Now, if the mimic's HP are less then the result, the mimic's HP will
    become approx. ((3*x*y) + (2*normal_HP)) / 5. (2/5 monster HP, 3/5 player
    HP.) If the mimic's HP in player form (code 0) are greater than x*y, the
    resulting HP will be ((x*y * 4) + (mimic_HP * 1)) / 5.
    (1/5 monster HP, 4/5 player HP!)
  armour class:
    Mimicking a monster is already a very difficult task. By changing
    shape, the usual armour class of the monster will magically influence
    the armour class of the player.
    Depending on the body parts of the monster, its AC has different
    influence on the player. The following formula helps:
    body_influence = 0.
    if the monster has a head, body_influence is increased by 1.
    if the monster has a torso, body_influence is increased by 3.
    if the monster has arms, body_influence is increased by 2.
    if the monster has legs, body_influence is increased by 1.
    calc_ac = monster_AC * 14 / (7 + body_influence)
    Now if calc_ac is smaller than the player's AC, the final AC will be
    (3/4 player_base_AC) + (3/4 player_magical_to_AC) + (1/4 calc_ac).
    Otherwise, the final AC will be
    (1/2 player_base_AC) + (1/2 player_magical_to_AC) + (1/2 calc_ac).
  vision:
    Searching ability of the player =
    (player_searching / 2) + (monster_vision / 10)
    Perception of the player = 
    (player_perception / 2) + (monster_vision / 10)

E: weapons : torso : arms : finger : head : leg
    These values indicate how many pieces of equipment the player can
    wear while using this form. For example snakes can only wear a helmet
    (E:0:0:0:0:1:0).
    NOTE: Mimics can never wear MORE items than in their normal form. So
    even a form with 8 legs would allow only 1 pair of boots to be equipped!

B: attack method : attack effect : damage
  attack effect:
    If the monster poisons or infects with disease, this will result in
    a poison brand. Similar it's for fire/cold/lightning/acid attacks.
    BLIND won't work on monsters that have NO_SLEEP, otherwise the target
    will be confused.
    HALLUCINATION and CONFUSE won't work on monsters that have NO_CONF,
    otherwise the target will be confused.
    TERRIFY won't work on monsters that have NO_FEAR, otherwise it'll
    scare the target.
    PARALYZE won't work on monsters that have NO_STUN, otherwise it'll
    stun the target.
    EXPxx means the monster drains life on attacking. The player will
    receive HOLD_LIFE (resist life-draining attacks) from this form.

    Monster effects (like poisoning or paralyzing) are applied to
    the player's attacks with a probability that corresponds to their
    rarity over the up to 4 monster attacks per round.
    Example for 'Ghoul' form:
    If the monster has 3 blows per round and one of them is poisoning,
    the other two are paralyzing, the mimic will have 1/3 chance to do
    a poison branded attack and 2/3 chance to do a stunning attack.

    These effects won't be applied if one of the following conditions
    is met:
    a) The player is doing a ranged attack.
       (Effects only work with melee attacks!)
    b) The player uses a weapon but the monster doesn't have an
       equipment slot for melee weapons, because it has no arms or is
       immaterial - see the E:... line of that monster in r_info.txt).

    Melee to-damage bonus also depends on the monster form:
    The monster damage dice for each attack are multiplied and the products
    are all added up, the result is divided by 4. If the monster can't use
    melee weapons (no equipment slot for melee weapons), the result will
    be doubled (after it was divided by 4).
    The result is now capped against 200, the closer this graph comes towards
    200 the flatter the curve will become.
    This value is now compared against the player's melee to-damage bonus.
    If (monDam > toDam) then newToDam = 1/2 toDam + 1/2 monDam.
    If (monDam < toDam) then newToDam = 3/4 toDam + 1/4 monDam.
    So the monster damage has only a small influence if it's lower than
    the player's to-damage bonus, but it has a high influence if the
    monster is more powerful than the player.

F: flag list
    The flags are translated to mimic abilities as follows:
    RES_xxx     Gives the mimic the specific resistance.
    IM_xxx      Gives the mimic the specific immunity! If a form offers
                more than 1 immunity, one will be picked randomly, the
                remaining ones will turn into resistances. Potions of
                self-knowledge are helpful here.
    PASS_WALL   Will allow the mimic to pass walls like a ghost.
                These immaterial forms also drain the hit points of their
                user.
    KILL_WALL   The mimic will dig *easily* through walls.
    REGENERATE  Faster hit point regeneration.
    CAN_SWIM    The player can pass water fields without problems.
    CAN_FLY     The player can fly.
    STUPID      -2 intelligence.
    SMART       +2 intelligence.
    NO_CONF     Confusion resistance.
    NO_FEAR     Fear resistance.
    NO_SLEEP    Free action.
    NO_STUN     Sound resistance.
    NO_CUT      The player can't be cut and won't bleed continously from
                wounds.
    DISBELIEVE  Will increase the player's anti-magic field by
                ((monsterlevel / 2) + 10) percent. The range of the anti-magic
                field is increased by ((monsterlevel / 50) + 2) fields.
    ARROW_1, ARROW_2, ARROW_3
                The player will receive an additional shot per round since the
                monster seems to be good at shooting.
                If the monster shoots 1_IN_3 or better, the player will
                receive an additional extra shot with slings and bows.
    HURT_ROCK   Means that this creature has a rock-like skin and body.
                Takes damage from Stone-To-Mud and takes more damage from
                'disintegration' attacks, but at the same time resists shards!
    WILD_WOOD or ANIMAL
                The player (like the monster) can pass trees.
    WILD_MOUNTAIN or WILD_VOLCANO
                The player (like the monster) can climb mountains.
    WILD_TOO without any other WILD_xxx flags:
                Combines all WILD_xxx effects (such as WILD_WOOD and
                WILD_MOUNTAIN)!
    INVISIBLE   The player becomes invisible.
    AURA_FIRE or AURA_ELEC
                The player receives an aura.
    SUSCEP_FIRE/SUSCEP_COLD/SUSCEP_ELEC/SUSCEP_ACID/SUSCEP_POIS
                The player is susceptible against these attacks. Dangerous!
    WIERD_MIND/RES_PSI
                Insanity attacks are reduced a little bit. (Overrides S-flags)
    EMPTY_MIND/IM_PSI
                Insanity attacks are reduced somewhat. (Overrides S-flags)
    AQUATIC     Gives superb water resistance.
    NEVER_MOVE  Using this form, the player won't be able to move (except for
                teleportation/phasing/recalling).
    RAND_25     The player has +10% chance of moving randomly.
    RAND_50     The player has +20% chance of moving randomly.
    OPEN_DOOR   This form can open doors.
    BASH_DOOR   This form can bash doors
                (useful to forms that cannot OPEN_DOORs!).
    EVIL        Becomes susceptible to certain 'good' or 'holy' effects.
    DEMON or UNDEAD
                This form will take 2x damage from holy orbs or holy fire,
                and suffer from various 'good' effects/spells. UNDEAD has
                in general more trouble with 'good' effects than DEMON.
                UNDEAD will also become susceptible to some 'life' effects,
                regarding healing or cleansing mostly.
    HURT_LITE   This form will take 2x damage from light attacks.

S: spell list
    These spells can be cast by the monster. Most of them are available to
    the mimic too, some of them have slightly different effects.
    Depending on how frequently the monster is able to cast spells, the player
    gets boni on intelligence and mana! This only applies if the spells are in
    fact magic spells, not if the monster cannot do anything except firing
    missiles, shrieking or shooting arrows (etc).
    If the creature is able to cast 1_IN_3, the player receives +1 INT and
    +10% Mana bonus (of base mana, same way +MANA items work).
    If the creature is able to cast 1_IN_2, the player receives +3 INT and
    +30% Mana bonus (of base mana, same way +MANA items work).
    If the creature is able to cast 1_IN_1, the player receives +5 INT and
    +40% Mana bonus (of base mana, same way +MANA items work).
    About specific spells:
    BR_xxx      (breathing) will give the according resistance to the player
                (if that specific attack CAN be resisted at all).
    BR_PLASMA   gives plasma & fire resistance.
    BR_GRAVITY  gives feather falling (levitation).
    BR_INERTIA  gives free action.
    MIND_BLAST  Insanity attacks are reduced a little bit.
    BRAIN_SMASH Insanity attacks are reduced somewhat.

Especially interesting spells of mimics are 'Blink' (Phase Door) and
'Teleport'. These usually cost very little mana and can be very helpful,
so you might want to create macros for them.

Further, certain races and classes get abilities (even if they are not
mentioned in r_info.txt for monster forms):
Bats        Feather falling (levitation)
Elves       Resist light
Dark-Elves  Resist darkness
Hobbits     Dexterity bonus of +2 for not wearing shoes.
Gnomes      Free action
(Dwarves    Blindness resistance, climbing at level 30.)
High-Elves  Resist light, see invisible
Yeeks       Feather falling (levitation)
(Ents       Slow digestion, speed - 2, sensitive to fire, see invisible at
            level 4, can swim, pass trees)
All ghosts  See invisible, Infra-vision +3
All orcs    Resist darkness
All trolls and giants
            Sustain strength
All dragonriders
            ESP_DRAGON at level 5, feather falling (levitation),
            flying at level 30.
All evil creatures
            Becomes susceptible to certain 'good' or 'holy' effects.
All undead creatures
            Resist darkness, blindness, poison (usually immunity);
            can't bleed (no_cut), infra-vision +1, insanity attacks are
            reduced by a little bit.
            Becomes susceptible to 'life', which concerns some healing or
            cleansing effects for example.
All greater demons (capital 'U')
            Resist poison (in most cases immunity).
All non-living creatures
            Resist poison (usually even immune) and fear; insanity attacks
            are reduced somewhat.
All vampires and vampire bats
            Chance to drain life on attacking in melee.
            Vampire bat form has 100% chance to do a vampiric attack,
            real vampire forms have 50% chance (half their attacks are hits,
            the other half is biting). For details see '(5.15) Vampirism'.
All angels  Resist light, blindness and poison (usually immunity).

Keep in mind that by changing forms you can potentially lose abilities that
you had in player form, because they were bound to your normal form.
Example: An ent mimic won't drown in water, but if it polymorphs into an orc,
it loses the intrinsic ability to pass water since orcs aren't made of wood.


Polymorph rings:
----------------
There are two types of polymorph rings, those which already provide a monster
form and those which can still be forged by a mimic. Latter ones are named
'Rings of Polymorphing of Player', while the first ones are named after the
monster form.

A player can use a ring that carries a monster form, by wearing it and
activating it. The user needs a mimicry skill of at least 1/2 the level of
the monster in order to activate the ring. The ring will disintegrate and the
player will polymorph into the according form, for the number of turns the
ring specified. The turns are depending on floor speed, which means they will
run out faster on shallow levels and slower on deeper levels relative to
real time, but in fact always at same speed in character time!
As a rule of thumb, a dungeon turn lasts about 1 second on average (noticably
less in town or very shallow levels).
However, the remaining polymorph duration will stop decreasing while you are
in a town, so you don't have to hurry while shopping.

Players can also create monster rings out of 'polymorph player' rings, by
mimicking the according form, then wearing the ring and activating it.
The ring will turn into a ring of polymorphing of the current monster form.
However, to create such a ring it is required that the player has already
learnt that form. All of his knowledge will be absorbed into the ring, so
the player will completely forget the form and have to re-learn it if he
wants to use it again!

The level of the ring will change depending on the form. Here are some levels:
form level              ring level
----------------------------------
      0 (townspeople)        5
      1                      6
     30                     26
     60                     42
     80                     51
    100 (theoretical)       58

Polymorph rings contain a certain amount of energy that cannot be changed,
which determined for how long the player will keep the form until he polymorphs
back to normal.
If a player forges a ring, his magic device skill helps to obtain a high
amount of energy in the ring.


(6.7a) Druid form details
-------------------------
Note: Some forms can open doors, others may try to bash doors.
      Also, all animal forms are able to travel through woods.

Cave bear               tough; can pass mountain terrain

Panther                 speedy

Grizzly bear            same as Cave Bear, but tougher

Yeti                    can pass mountain terrain;
                        is immune to cold but susceptible to fire

Griffon                 can fly; can pass mountain terrain

Sasquatch               speedy; similar to Yeti, but not susceptible to fire

Werebear                same as Grizzly Bear, but tougher

Great eagle             speedy; can fly; passes most terrain types

White shark             speedy aquatic form (requires deep water to breathe)

Aranea                  a speedy greater spider;
                        poisonous hits;
                        resists fire, completely immune to poison;
                        susceptible to light and to 'good' (creature is evil);
                        has a small array of magic spells to its disposal

Wyvern                  speedy; can fly and passes most terrains;
                        25% poisonous attacks;
                        immune to poison; susceptible to 'good'

Multi-hued Hound        resists fire/cold/lightning/acid/poison and gets a
                        random immunity of those five on polymorphing;
                        can't be confused or paralyzed;
                        can breathe the five elements mentioned above

5-headed hydra          speedy; can swim;
                        poisonous attacks; immune to poison;
                        can cast fear and poison ball

Minotaur                tough and very speed; susceptible to 'good'

Giant squid             tough and speedy aquatic creature;
                        resists cold/acid;
                        can breathe lightning, acid and poison

7-headed hydra          tough and speedy; can swim;
                        poisonous (75%) and blinding (25%) attacks;
                        immune to poison;
                        can cast fear, poison ball, and breathe poison

Plasma hound            speedy;
                        resists plasma, sound; immune to fire;
                        susceptible to cold;
                        can't be cut/stunned/confused or paralyzed;
                        can breathe plasma

Elder aranea            speedy and smart (INT bonus) greater spider;
                        50% poisonous attacks;
                        resists darkness, fire, poison; immune to either fire
                        or poison chosen randomly on polymorphing;
                        susceptible to 'good' and to light;
                        can't be confused or paralyzed;
                        regenerates HP quickly;
                        has a medium array of spells to its disposal

11-headed hydra         speedy and toughest hydra; can swim;
                        fiery attacks;
                        immune to fire;
                        has a small array of fire/fear spells

Lesser kraken           speedy, smart and very tough aquatic creature;
                        immune to either water attacks and poison, resists the
                        other, as well as lightning, cold and darkness;
                        can't be paralyzed or confused;
                        has a medium size array of spells

Maulotaur               like Minotaur, but tougher; stupid (INT malus);
                        immune to fire and resisting teleportation attacks;
                        can cast plasma bolt and fire ball

Winged Horror           speedy winged creature; can fly;
                        resists cold, poison, darkness, nether, life drain;
                        immune to either cold or poison;
                        susceptible to 'good';
                        can breathe nether, darkness and poison

Spectral Tyrannosaur    speedy undead animal;
                        has 25% scaring attacks;
                        resists nexus, teleportation attacks, nether,
                        life drain, cold, acid and poison;
                        becomes immune to one of cold/acid/poison;
                        susceptible to 'good' and 'life';
                        can't be cut, scared, confused or paralyzed;
                        can breathe nexus, poison and nether

Greater kraken          speedy, smart and extremely tough aquatic creature;
                        resists water attacks, cold, poison, lightning, acid,
                        darkness; becomes immune to one of lightning/poison/
                        water attacks;
                        susceptible to 'good';
                        can cast from a large array of spells

Jabberwock              fabulous very speedy and tough hybrid creature;
                        can fly;
                        resists teleportation attacks and chaos;
                        can curse and breathe chaos

Horned Serpent          speedy and tough; can swim and pass mountain terrain;
                        33% poisonous attacks;
                        resists poison, acid, fire, water attacks,
                        becomes immune to either poison or acid;
                        can't be scared, confused or paralyzed;
                        can cast fear and breathe acid and poison

Firebird                speedy and tough; can fly and passes most terrains;
                        fiery attacks and fire aura;
                        immune to fire and susceptible to cold;
                        resists poison, plasma and light;
                        regenerates HP quickly;
                        can breathe fire and light



(6.8) Magic spells and prayers
------------------------------
Istari (mages), rangers, rogues, priests, paladins and even adventurers
can cast magic spells or speak prayers. To do so, they need the according
spell scrolls (which contain exactly one specific spell) or books (such as
Codices, Spell Books, Grimoires, Handbooks or Tomes, that contain several
different spells) in their inventory.

Spell scrolls and some books can be purchased in store '9' (the 'book store',
usually also sells 'Beginner Cantrips' and sometimes also Codices) or in
'7' (the 'black market' - very expensive but you often find tomes here!).

Note that you must spend enough points into a particular magic school (or
into sorcery) for the spell turning from grey into green in your spell book,
in order to use that spell. A spell will turn green when its current level has
become at least 1.
A level 'x' spell will requires at least 'x' points in its school before you
can cast it and it turns green. You'll cast it at spell level 1 then. If you
spend more points into that school the spell will become more powerful as its
spell level increases.

Example:
Noxious Cloud is a level 3 spell of the Air school. That means if you spend at
least 3 points into Air school, the spell will become usable and be displayed
as "level 1" in your 'Spell Scroll of Noxious Cloud' you just bought from the
Book Store in Bree (symbol '9').
If you raise your Air school to 6 by spending 3 more points into it, the level
of your Noxious Cloud spell will increase by 3 and now be displayed as
"level 4" in your spell scroll. The spell now deals more damage and lasts
longer than it did on power level 1 when you just barely learned it.

Casting spells on other players:
Magic spells, prayers and druid magic are partially able to be used on fellow
players. However, the ways this is done differs from each other.
- Istari and other users of their magic may cast some magic spells on others
  by summoning an ethereal projector sphere on their mind. While this project
  spell is active, some of their spells will affect not only themselves but
  also those players nearby. The project spell is found in their 'Meta' school
  of magic. It works like a switch. Cast it once to enable projecting, cast it
  again to disable projecting again.
  The spells which are projectable are marked by a '(project)' tag below.
- Priests and other classes who rely on prayers, as well as druids do not use
  any kind of projector sphere. Their spells will always affect fellow players
  nearby
  The prayers and druid spells which are projected on others are marked by a
  '(auto-project)' tag at the end of the spell description below. 

Shared school spells:
Some spells are shared between different schools, occuring possibly but not
necessarily in both of the schools. When a spell is shared between two schools
it means that training in one of those schools will increase the spell level
by only half that amount. So if you want to increase a shared spell by say 5
points, you either have to increase both of its schools by 5, or one of them
by 10.

Schools give certain permanent boni and abilities to the player, when trained
to a certain extent. The boni are listed below each school.


Istari schools:
---------------
Earth
    Dig             Turns walls into mud.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 12.
    Stone Prison    Creates a prison of granite walls around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
    Strike          Creates a micro-ball of force, pushing monsters backwards.
                    Lv12: it turns into a small ball.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
    Shake           Creates a local earthquake.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 27.
  BONI:             Shard resistance at 30,
                    Great damage reduction against earthquakes at 45.
Air
    Noxious Cloud   Fires a poison cloud at a designated target.
                    Lv30: Unbreath cloud, irresistable.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Wings of Wind   Grants levitation (feather falling).
                    Lv16: Lets you fly.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 16.
                    Shared spell (see above): Air, Conveyance.
    Invisibility    Turns you invisible.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.
    Poison Blood    Gives temporary poison resistance.
                    Lv10: Brands melee weapons with venom.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 22.
    Thunderstorm    Throws thunder bolts at random monsters nearby.
                    (33% lightning, 33% sound, 33% light)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
  BONI:             Feather falling at 30,
                    Poison resistance at 40,
                    Flying at 50.
Water
    Tidal Wave      Summons a monstrous tidal wave.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 16.
    Ice Storm       Engulfs you in a storm of roaring cold.
                    Lv15: Turns into a storm of shards of ice.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 22.
    Ent's Potion    Fills your stomach.
                    Lv5: Removes fear.
                    Lv12: Makes you heroic.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 6.
    Vapor           Fills the air around you with toxic moisture
                    (which does pure water damage, not poison).
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 2.
  BONI:             Water resistance at 30,
                    Passing water at 40,
                    Water immunity at 50.
Fire
    Globe of Light  Creates a globe of magical light.
                    Lv10: Damages monsters.
                    Lv25: Turns into a more powerful kind of light.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Fireflash       Conjures a fire ball.
                    Lv20: Turns into holy fire which is especially deadly to
                          EVIL opponents.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Fiery Shield    Creates a shield of flames around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 16.
    Firewall        Creates a fire wall to incinerate monsters that cross it.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
  BONI:             Fire resistance at 30,
                    Fire immunity at 50.
Mana
    Manathrust      Casts a powerful mana bolt.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Remove Curses   Removes all curses of carried/worn objects.
                    Lv20: Switches to *remove curses*.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Elemental Shield
                    Gives temporary resistance to the elements,
                    fire/cold/lightning/acid.                       (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Disruption Shield
                    Conjures a shield that protects you from taking damage.
                    Instead, the shield will consume your mana to absorb it.
                    Only Istari are able to really get the most out of it -
                    they get 1 mana point deducted for each absorbed point of
                    damage. Other classes will instead get 2 mana points
                    deducted for each damage point.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 35.
  BONI:             Mana resistance at 40.
Conveyance
    Phase Door      Teleports you on a small scale range.           (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Disarm          Destroys doors and traps around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Teleport        Teleports you within the level.                 (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Teleport Away   Teleports a line of monsters away.
                    Lv10: Turns into a ball.
                    Lv20: Teleports away all monsters in sight.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 23.
    Recall          Works like Word Of Recall.                      (project)
                    Inscribe your spell scroll or book like you would inscribe
                    a scroll, in order to specify a destination.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.
                    See "(0.3) Important inscriptions" for more info about
                    Word of Recall!
    Probability Travel
                    Renders you instable, allowing to pass walls and to
                    float upwards/downwards.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 35.
  BONI:             Resistance to teleportation attacks at 30.
Divination
    Detect Monsters Detects all monsters nearby.                    (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Identify        Identifies items.
                    Lv17: Identifies all items that you carry/wear.
                    Lv27: Also identifies all items on the floor around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 8.
    Greater Identify
                    *Identifies* an item.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 35.
    Vision          Detects the dungeon layout around you.
                    Lv25: Maps and lights the whole level.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Sense Hidden    Detects traps.                                  (project)
                    Lv15: Lets you see invisible for a while.       (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 5.
    Reveal Ways     Detects doors/stairs/ways within a radius.      (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 9.
  BONI:             Automatic identification at 50.
Nature
    Grow Trees      Grows trees quickly around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 6.
    Healing         Heals a percentage of your hit points.          (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Recovery        Reduces poison duration.
                    Lv10: Cures poison and cuts.                    (project)
                    Lv20: Restores drained stats.
                    Lv25: Restores lost experience.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Regeneration    Increases your hit point regeneration rate.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Vermin Control  Prevents vermin from breeding any further on
                    your current level.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
  BONI:             Regeneration ability (Hit Points) at 30,
                    Pass trees easily at 30,
                    Pass water easily at 40.
Mind
    Confuse         Confuses a monsters.
                    Lv15: Turns into a ball.
                    Lv35: Affects all monsters in sight.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 5.
    Stun            Stuns a monster.
                    Lv25: Turns into a ball.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Sense Minds     Detects all monsters nearby.                    (project)
                    Lv30: Gives you temporary ESP.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Telekinesis     Inscribe your book @P<Playername>, cast it, select an
                    item that you wish to teleport to the player's inventory.
                    The target player needs to concentrate by opening her/his
                    mind, see (0.2). It's dangerous to have the mind opened,
                    since everyone can send you any items, so better close it
                    again as soon as the desired telekinesis transaction is
                    done. Example inscription: @PGandalf
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.
                    Shared spell (see above): Mind, Conveyance.
  BONI:             Reduces confusion and hallucination at 30,
                    Reduce insanity influence at 40 and especially at 50.
Temporal
    Magelock        Magically locks a door.
                    Lv30: Creates a Glyph Of Warding on the ground that stops
                          monsters from crossing the field or summoning on it.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Slow Monster    Slows down a monster.
                    Lv20: Affects a zone.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Essence of Speed
                    Hastes you for a while.                         (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Banishment      Teleports away all monsters within sight.
                    Lv15: Locks monsters in stasis for a while.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.
                    Shared spell (see above): Temporal, Conveyance.
  BONI:             Time resistance at 50.
Udun
    Genocide        Genocides all monsters of a race on the level.
                    Lv15: Alternatively genocides all monsters near you ("mass
                            genocide", choose 'y'. 'n' will do a normal geno).
                    For details on the effects "genocide" and "mass genocide"
                    of this spell, please see (5.9) scroll of geno/mass geno.
                    (This spell uses WISDOM to determine fail-rates!)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
    Wraithform      Turns your form immaterial.                     (project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 35.
    Disenchantment Bolt
                    Conjures a powerful and nearly irresistible bolt.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 40.
    Hellfire        Conjures a ball of hellfire which is especially deadly to
                    GOOD opponents.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
  BONI:             Resist teleportation attacks at 30,
                    Hold life at 40.

Meta
    Recharge        Recharges a magic staff or wand.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 5.
    Project Spells  Makes several spells and prayers affect other players too,
                    in a radius around you that grows bigger depending on the
                    'Project Spells' level.
                    You need to cast the Project spell once! This 'turns on'
                    the area of effect for all other spells which are usable
                    on fellow players. Casting the Project spell again will
                    switch the area effect off again.
                    When you switch it on, the radius will depend on your
                    Project skill level, starting at a radius of 1 field.
                    The closer another player stands to you, the more he will
                    usually get out of the spell (eg healed HP amount,
                    duration of resistances, etc..).
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Disperse Magic  Removes magical influences.
                    Lv1: Blindness.
                    Lv5: Confusion/Hallucination.
                    Lv10: Speed/Slowness.
                    Lv15: Stun/Cuts.
                    Lv20: Heroism/Berserk strength/Blessing/Shields/Fear.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
  BONI:             Improves saving throw, the further it's trained above 20.


Priest schools:
---------------
Holy Offense
    Holy Light      Creates a globe of pure light.
                    Lv3: Damages monsters.
                    Lv15: Calls a more powerful kind of light.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
                    Shared spell (see above): H.Offense, H.Support.
    Curse           Causes randomly slowness or confusion or damage.
                    Lv15: Turns from bolt into beam, passing through the
                          target and also hitting those behind.
                    Lv25: Affects all monsters in line of sight.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Exorcism        Dispels nearby undead.
                    Lv20: Dispels nearby demons.
                    Lv30: Dispels nearby evil.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 11.
    Release Souls   *Dispels undead*.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Orb Of Draining Summons a holy orb, devouring monsters.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Drain Life      Drains life from a non-undead and non-nonliving creature
                    and returns a part of it to your hit points.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Doomed Grounds  Similar to 'Drain Life' but affects a whole area.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 40.
  BONI:             Adds slay undead at 30, slay demon at 40, slay evil at 50
                    to all melee and ranged attacks.
Holy Defense
    Blessing        Same effect as scroll of Blessing.         (auto-project)
                    Lv15: Same effect as scroll of Holy Chant. (auto-project)
                    Lv30: Same effect as scroll of Holy Prayer.(auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Holy Resistance Lets you resist heat.                      (auto-project)
                    Lv5: Lets you also resist cold.            (auto-project)
                    Lv10: Lets you also resist lightning.      (auto-project)
                    Lv15: Lets you also resist acid.           (auto-project)
                    Lv25: Lets you also resist poison.         (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 11.
    Protection from evil.
                    Repels evil creatures that try to attack you.
                    Works very well, as long as the creature isn't of a higher
                    level than you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 12.
    Glyph Of Warding
                    Creates a rune on the ground that monsters cannot cross
                    nor summon on. Powerful monsters may break it.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 40.
    Martyrdom       Burns you in holy fire, making you invulnerable.
                    When your martyrium ends, you will be left close to death
                    with up to 30 HP, depending on your maximum HP.
                    (Remaining HP = MaxHP / 15, but never more than 30.)
                    The gods won't accept another martyrium until 1000 turns
                    have passed.
                    Note: To check whether you can use the spell again,
                    use the /martyr (or /mar) command.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 40.
  BONI:             Protects the player from undead at 30, from demons at 40,
                    and from evil in general at 50. Better than the spell.
Holy Curing
    Healing         Heals a percentage of hit points.          (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Remove Curses   Removes curses.
                    Lv30: Removes heavy curses.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Cleansing Light Continuously heals every player who steps inside.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 18.
    Curing          Reduces poison duration.
                    Lv10: Cure poison/cuts/stun/blindness/confusion.(auto-p.)
                    Lv20: Restore stats.                       (auto-project)
                    Lv25: Restore experience.                  (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 16.
    Faithful Focus  Cure hallucinations and insanity.          (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 21.
    Resurrection    Resurrect another player's ghost. The resurrected player
                    will lose less experience the higher the spell level is.
                    Exp loss is usually 40% if revived in the temple or via
                    life scroll.
                    Resurrection prayer exp loss goes down from 40% and caps
                    at 33%.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.
    Soul Curing     Cures Black Breath (See 1.5 for more information about
                    Black Breath).                             (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
  BONI:             Improves HP regeneration rate extraordinarily the further
                    it is trained above 30,
                    Half duration of various bad effects on the body at
                    30 (blindness, poison) / 40 (stun, cuts) / 50
                    (hallucination),
                    Less frequent suffering from black breath at 50.
Holy Support
    Remove Fear     Keeps your heart boldened for a while      (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Holy Light      Creates a globe of pure light.
                    Lv3: Damages monsters.
                    Lv8: Calls a more powerful kind of light.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
                    Note that this is a spell shared between offense and
                    support school, meaning that increases in one of those
                    school will increase the spell level by only half as much.
    Sense Monsters  Detect monsters, see invisible for a while.
                    Lv30: Gives full temporary ESP.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Sanctuary       Puts nearby monsters asleep.
                    Lv20: Lets all monsters in line of sight fall asleep.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Satisfy Hunger  Satisfies your hunger.                     (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Sense Surroundings
                    Detect monsters, see invisible for a while.
                    Lv15: Maps the dungeon around you.
                    Lv30: Gives clairvoyance (full enlightened map).
                          Gives full temporary ESP.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Zeal            Gives +1 extra attack per round for a while.    (auto-p.)
                    Lv10: Gives +2 EA.                         (auto-project)
                    Lv20: Gives +3 EA.                         (auto-project)
                    Note: The EA effect won't be applied to barehanded players
                    if they don't have Martial Arts skill of at least 01.000.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 31.
  BONI:             Keeps the hunger satisfied all the time at 40,
                    Suppresses effects of DG_CURSE and TY_CURSE at 50.


Druid schools:
--------------
Arcane Lore
    Nature's Call   Quickly grows trees around you.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 12.
    Toxic Moisture  Creates a cloud of toxic moisture at a designated target.
                    At level 30 it turns into ice shards.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 4.
    Ancient Lore    Identifies all items in your inventory.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Garden of the Gods
                    Transforms solid walls into green trees!
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Call of the Forest
                    Dispels all animals from your line of sight.
                    Animals have a chance to resist, depending on their level.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
Physical Lore
    Forest's Embrace
                    Creates a cloud around you which heals everyone including
                    yourself over time.                        (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 18.
    Quickfeet       Temporarily boosts your speed.             (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 13.
    Herbal Tea      Satisfies your hunger.                     (auto-project)
                    Lv20: Restores your experience.            (auto-project)
                    Lv25: Restores your attributes.            (auto-project)
                    Lv35: Cures black breath!                  (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Extra Growth    Increases your attributes temporarily.
                    Lv5: Increases charisma.
                    Lv10: Also increases dexterity.
                    Lv15: Also increases strength.
                    Lv20: Also increases constitution.
                    Lv25: Also increases intelligence.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Focus           Increases your accuracy, adding a bonus to your
                    melee-to-hit and ranged-to-hit.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.


Mindcraft schools:
------------------
Psycho-Power
    Psychic Hammer  Telekinetic power focussed to bash an enemy, stunning him.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Psychokinesis   Destroys traps by psychokinetic manipulation.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Autokinesis I   Teleports you within a small range.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 5.
    Autokinesis II  Teleports you over a long range.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 16.
    Autokinesis III Teleports you towards a party member with opened mind.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 24.
    Psi Storm       Psionic storm that damages and disturbs all minds within an
                    area for a while, causing the usual random Psi side effects
                    on all targets similar to Psionic Blast.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 18.
    Pyrokinesis     Causes a severe inflammation to burn your opponent.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Cryokinesis     Causes a dramatic temperature drop on your opponent.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 24.
    Psychic Warp    Attempts to teleport away your opponent.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.

Thought Contact
    Clear Mind      Removes fear, confusion and hallucination. (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Willpower       Boosts your willpower to unleash hidden potential,
                    improving both your performance and resilience.
                    Gives heroism and fear resistance, and chance to resist
                    confusion, paralysis and slowness.
                    Later on gives +1 extra attack.            (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Self-Reflection Find out more about yourself.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 15.
    Accelerate Nerves
                    Speeds you up.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Telepathy       Senses the minds of creatures.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
    Stabilize Thoughts
                    Cures some insanity and removes effects.   (auto-project)
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 25.
    Telekinesis     Inscribe your book @P<Playername>, cast it, select an
                    item that you wish to teleport to the player's inventory.
                    The target player needs to concentrate by opening her/his
                    mind, see (0.2). It's dangerous to have the mind opened,
                    since everyone can send you any items, so better close it
                    again as soon as the desired telekinesis transaction is
                    done. Example inscription: @PGandalf
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 30.

Mental Intrusion
    Psionic Blast   Blasts the target's mind with psionic energy.
                    Possibly causing various additional effects.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Scare           Infuses your target's mind with fear.
                    Lv10: Becomes a ball effect.
                    Lv20: Affects all monsters in LoS.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 1.
    Confuse         Infuses your target's mind with confusion.
                    Lv15: Becomes a ball effect.
                    Lv30: Affects all monsters in LoS.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 3.
    Sleep           Puts your target's mind to sleep.
                    Lv20: Affects all monsters in LoS.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 5.
    Drain Strength  Slows your target down, draining power from its muscles.
                    Lv10: Becomes a ball effect.
                    Lv20: Affects all monsters in LoS.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 7.
    Psychic Suppression
                    Drains the target's psychic energy, impacting its ability
                    to cast spells temporarily.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 10.
    Remote Vision   Tries to forcibly enter all sentient creatures' minds on
                    the level, in order to use their vision to make the
                    dungeon structure known to yourself.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 20.
                    If your proficiency in 'Thought Contact' school is at
                    least 20, you will automatically infuse the knowledge
                    gained from the vision to all open-minded (see (0.2))
                    allied players who happen to be the same floor.
    Charm           Makes monsters in sight believe that you aren't an enemy,
                    preventing them most of the time from attacking you.
                    Monsters may resist or be immune to the initial cast.
                    While active, the spell drains your mana. The more monsters
                    you try to keep under control, the faster your mana is
                    depleted. If your distance to the monsters becomes too big,
                    the spell will break.
                    Required skill level for first spell level: 33.



(6.9) Parties, Iron Teams, Guilds
----------------------------------
Press 'P' to display the party menu.
Here you can..

-Create a party
    In a party you will share experience points if you are within 7 character
    levels to each other and on the same dungeon/tower level respectively
    the same worldmap/wilderness sector. A slight experience bonus is applied
    for killing monsters in a party!
    The range is 11 levels instead of 7 for winners (queens/kings/empresses/
    emperors).
    Winners don't share experience with non-winner characters.

    Monsters will usually remember the highest player they have met and not
    give experience nor kill credit to players who are more than the 8
    (exp-sharing level limit plus 1) levels away from it. So, avoid being on
    the same dungeon floor as teammates whose character level differs by more
    than 8 levels from yours.

    Similarly, a player who received a power-up spell from another player
    who is higher in levels than the allowed difference of 8, may cause that
    player to not gain any experience or kill credit until a number of turns
    (usually 200) has passed and the buff spell has worn off.
    Kings/queens/emperors/empresses are free from those restrictions though!

    Note that there are two exceptions to these rules:
    -Morgoth, Lord of Darkness (Game boss)
    -The Great Pumpkin (Halloween special event monster)
    These two always give credit, no matter what level difference the players
    have.

    A party owner may set access to one or more of his houses to 'party access'
    (use 'h' key next to the door) to allow all party members to access that
    house.
    If the owner dies, the whole party is disbanded. (Exception: On a server
    running 'RPG' rules the party ownership will be transferred to another
    player in the party automatically.)
    Be aware that his houses will be wiped too, so the party might lose quite
    an amount of items that way.

    'Anti-magic fields' of fellow party members have greatly reduced effect
    on spell-users in the same party, to allow the party to still be a vital
    combination.

-Create an 'Iron Team' party
    An iron team is like a party with the following differences:
    An 'Iron Team' can only be formed with newly created characters. Its
    members will only get experience for killing monsters if ALL members
    are online and on the same dungeon level!

-Add a player to party
    This can be done by all members of the party, not just by the owner!

-Delete a player from your party
    This can only be done by the party owner.
    Note that if you remove a player from an iron team and his character has
    already gained some experience he will be unable to join again.
    If the owner removes himself from his own party, the whole party is
    disbanded.

-Leave your current party
    Note that if you leave an iron team and your character has already gained
    experience you will be unable to join again.
    If the owner leaves his own party, the whole party is disbanded.


-Specify player to attack
    Now you are hostile to that player and you will hurt each other like
    when fighting a monster (this includes auto-retaliating and targetting)!

-Make peace
    Make peace with a player you are hostile too. Better pay attention that
    your opponent makes peace too >:).


-Create a new guild
    This costs 2,000,000 Au. A guild will stay, even if the owner dies.
    The guild creator will receive a 'Guild Key' which designates him as the
    guild master. In case the guild master dies, another guild member may
    fetch the key to become the new guild master.
    (Guilds currently have no practical use aside from looking cool.)

-Add player to guild
    Only the guild master can do this.

-Remove player from guild
    Only the guild master can do this. If all members are removed including
    the guild master, the guild ceases to exist.
    If the guild master removes himself, it's like he leaves the guild
    (see below).

-Leave guild
    If the last member leaves, the whole guild is disbanded.
    If the guild master leaves the guild, the guild becomes leaderless.
    The next player who grabs the guild key becomes the new guild master.

Note: Keys are indestructible, they can be lost though..



(6.10) Magic Device skill/ability details
------------------------------------------
The player's "Magic Device" ability in the character overview screen is
calculated from a base ability depending on race/class, and the magic device
skill in the skill screen ('G').
The Magic Device ability is not limited to a maximum value, although the
player won't be able to increase it unlimitedly. The scale is:
  0+    Bad
  12+   Poor
  18+   Fair
  30+   Good
  36+   Very good
  42+   Excellent
  54+   Superb
  84+   Heroic
  108+  Legendary

The magic device ability does this...
-makes it easier to use wands, staves and rods and to activate items:
  If random(1 to (skill - itemlevel)) > 3 then you will successfully
  use the item. (There's always a slim chance to succeed even if your
  chances should be zero.) The item level is from k_info.txt and caps
  at 50. Confusion halves your skill, EASY_USE doubles it.
-speeds up recharging of rods:
  Skill in percent is added to the recharge rate; caps at skill 100,
  which means +100% recharge rate (approximately).

The magic device skill does the following...
-helps to reduce effects of UN_POWER attacks,
-helps to increase the power of forged polymorph-rings.
-increases the power of magic devices.
-makes it easier to recharge items provided you don't use scrolls to do that,
 but a real magic device (some artifacts can be activated for recharging).



(6.11) Parrying and blocking
-----------------------------
There are a couple of ways to reduce damage taken. One is simply to have high
armour class (see (5.11) for details), another one is 'Dodging' skill (see
(6.2) for details).
For melee fighters that use weapons or shields, two more abilities can help:
Parrying enemy attacks with a weapon, and blocking attacks with a shield.
Press 'm' and choose 'Check block/parry chance' to see your actual ability
to block or parry. In order to have this option appear in your 'm' menu, you
need a combat skill greater than zero.
The result will map to the following numbers:

"You cannot parry at the moment."               You aren't wielding a weapon.
"You have almost no chance of parrying."        Below 5% chance.
"You have a slight chance of parrying."         Below 10% chance.
"You have a significant chance of parrying."    Below 20% chance.
"You have a good chance of parrying."           Below 30% chance.
"You have a very good chance of parrying."      Below 40% chance.
"You have an excellent chance of parrying."     Below 50% chance.
"You have a superb chance of parrying."         50% chance or better.
                                                (51% is highest reachable)
Note: Above 30% can only be reached in defensive combat stance without a
      shield equipped. (Because if no shield is equipped, defensive combat
      stance which normally bolsters block chance will transfer that defensive
      advantage to the weapon instead, increasing the parry chance.)
      Also, your class should be fairly skilled at parrying (see below.)

"You cannot block at the moment."               You aren't wielding a shield.
"You have almost no chance of blocking."        Below 5% chance.
"You have a slight chance of blocking."         Below 14% chance.
"You have a significant chance of blocking."    Below 23% chance
"You have a good chance of blocking."           Below 33% chance.
"You have a very good chance of blocking."      Below 44% chance.
"You have an excellent chance of blocking."     Below 55% chance.
"You have a superb chance of blocking."         55% chance or better
                                                (60% is highest reachable)
Note: To achieve an extraordinarily high block chance above 30% you'll
      have to enter a defensive combat stance, and your class should be
      fairly skilled at blocking. See the note below.


NOTES:
------
Classes do differently well at parrying and blocking. To find out more, see
the class overview table at the end of section (6.5).

Parrying/blocking might get boosted/modified under certain circumstances,
such as PvP or defending from a trap you accidentally set off.


More on Parrying
----------------
The larger a weapon, the more you can parry. Without a weapon, you cannot
parry at all.
A 1-handed weapon will parry less often than a 1 1/2-hander (SHOULD2H), and
that one less often than a 2-handed weapon (MUST2H).
If you wield a 1-hand weapon WITHOUT a shield which "feels especially easy to
swing" (COULD2H), you'll also get an extra parry bonus.
Increasing weaponmastery improves your parry chance; dual-wielding improves it
too, provided that you aren't 'flexibility-encumbered' (compare (5.5)).


More on Blocking
----------------
Many effects that normal armour usually doesn't protect from can actually be
blocked, for example your character may quickly duck behind his shield just in
time when an eye tries to gaze in your eyes to paralyze you.
The bigger a shield, the more you can block. Depending on server settings,
the actual block base chance will usually be displayed as a percentage in []
brackets behind the shield's name, where AC is located for other types of
armour.
This base chance in many cases applies as is to standard melee combat, but is
often modified depending on the type of an incoming attack, so it's not to be
taken as your character's total overall block chance. For example shots,
balls, breaths are all blocked at higher probability, and in PvP combat
blocking receives an additional overall boost.

Parrying and blocking can both be affected by combat stances - see (6.2) for
"Combat Stances" skill.



(6.12) Fighting/shooting techniques
-----------------------------------
Depending on your class, your character is able to gain access to certain
fighting techniques that cost 'Stamina' to use. Warriors, rangers, paladins
and mimics will learn all of them eventually, while rogues may learn sprint
and taunt, and some rogue-specific techniques.
Similarly, by training archery your character will gain access to a couple of
shooting techniques.

All techniques are accessable via 'm' key, also see (3.7a).

The time your character learns a certain technique varies, depending on your
class. The order in which they are learnt is the same though.

The techniques are as follows:

    Fighting techniques:
    --------------------
    Sprint							7 stamina
        Your character will be able to move faster, so you can catch up to
        runners and other monsters that avoid you.
        Running (shift + directional keys) is not affected.
    Taunt               2 stamina
        Attempts to draw attention of humanoid mobs, causing them to attack
        you. Might require more than one try sometimes until they fall for it,
        depending on the monster.
    Spin                8 stamina
        A sweep that hits all adjacent monsters and may stun them, basing on
        your number of blows/round possibly even multiple times.
    Berserk             10 stamina
        Similar to potions of berserk strength, also giving you +1 blow/round.

    Rogue-specific fighting techniques:
    -----------------------------------
    Distract            1 stamina
        Your character will attempt to appear wimpy to adjacent monsters, in
        hope of making them attack another player standing next to you
        instead of you. Not all monsters can be fooled all the time though.
    Flash bomb          4 stamina
        You throw down a flash bomb that causes a flash of light, blinding
        your opponents for a short time, giving you opportunity to escape or
        kill them off while they are running around in confused state.
    Shadow run          10 stamina, kings/queens only!
        You will move at blinding speed, your silhouette turning shadowy.
        Ranged attacks will hardly be able to pin you down, and you will move
        at increased speed. You can even perform a backstab opening attack
        out of this state. Performing actions that require calm movements or
        anything that distracts or disrupts your attention from focussing on
        keeping up your movement, as well as attacking someone will break
        shadow running.

    Shooting techniques:
    --------------------
    Flare missile       2 stamina
        Prepares an oil-drenched shot for the next time you shoot, which will
        burn brightly, lighting up the area where it lands or hits a wall.
        This technique consumes 1 flask of oil and your shot/arrow/bolt.
        Note that this destroys magic ammunition too.
    Precision shot      7 stamina
        You aim your next shot carefully, costing you a turn. The next shot
        you fire however will receive a great damage bonus, even more so
        against fleeing opponents. Useful opener against sleeping monsters.
        Aiming will be interrupted by most actions, including walking.
    Create ammunition   -
        Create ammunition for your currently equipped ranged weapon from
        bones in your inventory or rubble (':') next to your character.
    Double-shot         1 stamina/turn while using it actively
        Toggle, making you enter or leave double-shot mode. While active, you
        will fire 2 projectiles at once on each shot, dealing way less damage
        than a single shot though. Useful to eradicate weak critters.
        Note: If your stamina drops below 1 you will continue to fire
              normally, but not leave double-shot mode. That means as soon as
              you get stamina back you'll start firing double-shots again.
              To permanently leave double-shot mode, you have to toggle it
              explicitely in the 'm' menu.
    Barrage             9 stamina
        Prepares to fire a powerful multi-shot which will cost you a whole
        turn. It stuns the target.

    Note: The technique 'fire-till-kill' is available to any class, and
    does appear directly under 'm'. See (5.2a) for details.

Stamina regenerates slowly over time, faster while resting. Your CONstitution
stat and 'Health' skill will further improve regeneration speed.



(6.13) PvP mode
---------------

PvP stands for "Player vs player". This describes the act of player characters
fighting each other, usually to death. In that regard, it is quite different
to the 'blood bond' duel, which always ends without anyone getting hurt.

If you want to fight other players to death in a real pvp match, create a
'pvp-mode' character. It's an option during the character creation process,
much like 'everlasting mode' or 'normal mode'.

PvP-mode characters use the /pvp command to enter/leave the pvp arena. This
arena also releases monsters from time to time. The entry point of a player is
random, because he gets teleported on arrival.

PvP-mode characters are called 'Gladiators' and use special rulesets that make
it easier to rise in levels and less of a hassle when you get actually killed
by an opponent! The special rules that apply are as follows:


-PVP chars have only one life and no ghost, ie are erased on death same as
 no-ghost chars. However, they play more fast-paced and are quickly brought up
 again. The purpose of PVP chars is to fight other players to the death
 without remorse, which would otherwise be an unacceptable loss if done with
 regular characters (who can at least use Blood Bond scrolls for friendly duels
 though).
-yellow name in chat, yellow * marker in @-list, completely yellow entry
 in @-list if viewed by another PVP mode char.
-start at level 10 and with about 10000 Au.
-reach level 30 at most.
-gain no exp from monsters, no credit for killing uniques (hence cannot become
 king/queen), cannot use static artifacts, can gain loot and money from
 killing monsters though.
-cannot team up or exchange goods with non-PVP chars.
-will automatically be hostile to all other PVP chars, except for towns which
 are safe zones!
-will always ESP all other PVP chars as well as see their location in @-list.
-gains exp (enough for advancing up to 2 levels at once even!) from killing
 another PVP char. Lower level opponents will give less exp than equal/higher.
-if a pvp char dies to a monster or trap, all nearby pvp chars will receive a
 share of his kill count, which currently even gets rounded up(!).
-gets number of kills of a victim credited as his own kills :) (useful for
 reward, see below).
-walk faster by default, similar to 'sprint' fighting technique.
-cannot chase PVP chars _much_ lower then himself by entering their dungeon
 level, because he will get auto-recalled then (anti-chicken).
-will get rewards (similar to highlander tournament) for reaching high/top
 level or killing an amount of opposing gladiators (other PVP chars).
-will get deed when killed at high level for his next PVP character, which can
 be exchanged for an extra item. Highest level deed can be received by non-pvp
 char.
-mimicry users gain one free transformation of their choice on (multiple)
 levelup, and also learn forms 3x as fast as regular characters.
-diminishing effect on healing: if you spam heal pots, the effect will lessen
 more and more. over time, it returns to normal. entering a town will reset it
 too.
-teleportation will be suppressed during combat, phase door is allowed though.
-while in a fight with another pvp-char, you cannot teleport away easily
 (takes about 30 seconds to wear off, or just enter a town to reset).



(7) Tactics & strategy
======================

(7.1) Preparing the inventory for diving into the dungeon
---------------------------------------------------------
Depending on your character level you will always want to stock up on certain
items before entering the dungeon. Here are some guidelines for your
inventory:


Beginners (level 1)
-------------------
+ Some Rations of Food, one or more Flask of Oil
  Know that there are traps that can empty your stomach or drain the fuel of
  your light. If you don't have supplies then you might be doomed.
+ Potion of Heroism
  because it can approximately double the hitpoints of level 1 characters
  (depending on race/class) for a short period of time as well as greatly
  improve the chance to hit the opponent, which will raise the fighting
  potential for example against enemies like Farmer Maggot's dogs. Even if
  your character has a decent amount of Hit Points, these potions raise your
  fighting abilities a good deal.
+ Potion of Cure Light Wounds
  They become useless quickly while you gain some character levels since they
  don't heal very many HP (Hit Points). At the beginning they are very helpful
  however.
+ Scroll of Phase Door
  This one does a short range teleportation, allowing you to escape if you are
  surrounded or get some distance between an enemy and yourself, allowing you
  to shoot him on distance using a ranged weapon. Since Phase Door teleports
  randomly, you might have to read several of them quickly after each other
  until you come out in a good position.
+ Maybe a scroll of Word-of-Recall
  If read in the dungeon it will far-distance teleport you back to the town.
  This allows you to quickly "dive" deep and gain levels and find items that
  can be sold for good cash, then read Word-of-Recall to quickly get back home
  with all the loot without having to start an annoying search for the
  staircases leading upwards back to town.


Low level character (up to 15)
------------------------------
+ Several Rations of Food, Some Flasks of Oil
+ Some Potions of Heroism
+ Some Potions of Cure Serious Wounds / Critical Wounds
  Note that Potions of Cure Critical Wounds also remove certain effects like
  blindness and confusion!
+ Several Scrolls of Phase Door
+ Some Scrolls of Word-of-Recall
+ Some Scrolls of Identify
  These will allow you to identify unknown items that you may find!


Medium level character (up to 25)
---------------------------------
+ Some Flasks of Oil. Replace rations of food with "Scrolls of Satisfy Hunger"
  These will always fully satisfy your hunger and they are not eaten by rot
  jellys ;) Lembas (elvish waybread) are also nice but very rare.
+ Many Potions of Cure Critical Wounds, maybe some Potions of Healing.
+ Some Potions of Berserk Strength (mainly for fighter classes)
  These potions work similar to heroism, they rise your damage output instead
  of your hit chance, allowing you to deal very extreme damage. Unfortunately
  they are quite rare. If they are used together with potions of speed the
  result can be devastating.
+ Several Scrolls of Word-of-Recall
+ Several scrolls of Identify
  Since you will encounter the more nice (or more dangerous..) loot the deeper
  you descend, you will need a bunch of identification scrolls to find out
  what is worth being kept and which items should be thrown away.
+ Some Potions of Speed
  These will temporatily boost your global speed (movement/attack/cast) by
  +10. In case you are moving at normal speed this means that your speed is
  doubled, effectively doubling your combat power as well since you can shoot
  and hit twice as fast now. These potions also allow to quickly retreat...
+ a Staff of Teleportation
  This neat baby is your ticket out of most hazard situations where Phase Door
  wouldn't help at all. However keep in mind that staves can be destroyed. So
  if you consider a situation very dangerous and your staff of teleportation
  is suddenly burned to ashes, you should think about reading Word-of-Recall!
  Unfortunately staves of teleportation are very expensive. Staves can be
  used even while blind or confused!
  It's not a good idea to use staves if your character isn't quite good at
  'Magic Device', press 'C' to check your character screen.
  It's a good idea to try the staff a few times in town before relying on it.
  If needed you could increase your 'Magic Device' skill, see (6.2).
+ You should have found some "Rods of Trap location"
  Keep 2 or 3 of those with you. If you encounter a pit or vault you can
  easily detect all the nasty traps inside. Rods of Door/Stair Location can
  also be helpful.
+ Especially for clearing vaults you might find a staff of light, a wand of
  trap/door destruction and maybe a wand of teleport other useful. However,
  that would be 3 more inventory slots less to pick up loot :)


Higher characters (up to 35)
----------------------------
(If you came this far, good work!)
+ Some Scrolls of Satisfy Hunger or some Lembas if you can find enough. Some
  flasks of oil if your light source needs those.
+ Lots of Potions of Cure Critical Wounds (20..40 for example), if possible
  Potions of Healing instead of cure crits.
+ Some Potions of Berserk Strength (mainly for fighter classes)
+ Several Scrolls of Phase Door
+ a Rod of Recall
  A rod cannot be destroyed by fire or acid, and you won't have to buy new
  scrolls of WOR since the rod never runs out. Further, rods of recall are not
  destroyed by traps, for example a "Trap of no return", which will burn all
  your scrolls of WOR.
+ Lots of Scrolls of Identify (up to 99!). Maybe later on a Rod of Perception.
  A Rod of Perception does the same thing like a Scroll of Identify. A Rod of
  Perception of Charging would be perfect. This one takes less time to
  recharge! A Rod of Perception of the Istari..nearly godlike ;)
+ Several Potions of Speed
+ Potions of Healing
  These potions heal you way more than pots of cure critical wounds. However,
  they are extremely expensive.
+ a Staff of Teleportation
+ 2 or 3 rods of trap location. Maybe a rod of door/stair location.
+ Some Scrolls of Teleportation, maybe even fireproof.
  In case your staff is destroyed these scrolls serve as backup. If they are
  fireproof they really are a good insurance. However, you cannot read while
  blind or confused or if you stand in darkness. (Maybe someone invents
  scrolls with magically heated letters that you can read in the dark if you
  have infra-vision.. ;)
+ a "Sprig of Athelas"
  This one cures "Black Breath", which infects you if you fight a ring wraith!
  You can leave the sprig in your house since Black Breath saps your soul very
  slowly, so there should be enough time to finish business in the dungeon and
  recall to town afterwards to eat a sprig. (See 1.5 for more information
  about Black Breath.)


Very high characters (36 and above)
-----------------------------------
+ Satisfy Hunger or Lembas
+ Lots of Potions of Cure Critical Wounds
  If you manage to get enough Potions of Healing then you won't need pots of
  cure critical wounds anymore.
+ Potions of Healing
+ Potions of Speed
+ Potions of Berserk Strength
+ Several Scrolls of Phase Door
+ (Fireproof) Scrolls of Teleportation
+ a Staff of Teleportation (but you should really get blindness resistance in
  order to rely on Scrolls instead since they never fail.)
+ a Rod of Recall
+ 2 or 3 Rods of Trap Location. Maybe a Rod of Door/Stair Location.
+ maybe a Rod of Illumination and a Rod of Disarming or Trap/Door Destruction
  for clearing Vaults.
+ Sprigs of Athelas
+ Later on (character level 40+) scrolls of *destruction*. These annihilate
  all monsters around you instantly (not giving any experience), removing
  otherwise deadly threats.



(7.2) Preparing the equipment for diving into the dungeon
---------------------------------------------------------
Depending on your character level you will need to equip certain items before
entering the dungeon. Here are some guidelines for your equipment:


Beginners (level 1)
-------------------
+ Lantern
  because it provides light within a radius of 2 fields instead of 1 field of
  a torch.
+ A ranged weapon as soon as possible
  Don't forget the ammunition ;)
  Try to get a sling or even better a long bow as soon as possible,
  especially if you are weak at hand-to-hand combat.
  At the beginning a ranged weapon can make all the difference and help you to
  proceed quickly. Enchant the bow to (+hit,+dam) where +dam helps a lot to
  increase the total damage you inflict on enemies, since it's multiplied by
  the bow's power factor.
+ An appropriate melee weapon
  Check out how many blows per round you get with a light Dagger, Whip,
  Hatchet or Sickle, depending on your favourite weapon class.
  If your character has only one hit per round even with light weapons, choose
  a heavy weapon that can deal more damage in one blow. If your character is
  low on strength, pay attention that you don't buy a weapon that is too heavy
  to use at all.


Low level character (up to 15)
------------------------------
+ Enchant the damage of your melee and/or ranged weapon a bit using "Scrolls
  of Enchant Weapon To-Dam"
+ Get some armor. Note that certain armor can decrease your dexterity or
  spellcasting abilities, partially because it is too heavy. Also some weapons
  will become less powerful if used together with a shield, and some weapons
  cannot be used at all in conjunction with a shield. A fighter should have
  approx. 30..45 AC or more.


Medium level character (up to 25)
---------------------------------
+ Enchant your melee and ranged weapons to at least +8 to damage! Best would
  be (+9,+9) or maybe even (+10,+10)
  You might ask a very powerful priest or paladin to assist you, that way you
  might save a great deal of money.... (This pala/priest thing is outdated,
  sorry. However, you can ask a high level character if he/she helps you by
  taking your weapons, armour and ammunition to one of the shops that offer
  an enchantment-service. Those shops can enchant the items quite high,
  depending on the level of the customer. It's costly though.. Don't sell
  scrolls of *enchant weapon* or *enchant armour* if you find those, but use
  them to enchant your items above +9 and up to +15!)
+ A fighter should have approx. 40..70 AC or more.
+ Get "Fear Resistance" also know as "Boldness"
+ Get Free Action.
  It prevents you from being paralyzed by traps or attacks.
+ Get the 4 basic resistances, which are: Lightning/Electricity, Acid,
  Frost/Cold, Fire/Heat
+ Consider buying a small house to store backup equipment or special items
  instead of carrying them around with you.


Higher characters (up to 35)
----------------------------
+ A fighter should have approx. 65..100 AC or more.
+ Try to get a lantern of Brightness or even *Brightness*, a Dwarven Lantern
  or a Feanorian Lamp. These provide more light and/or don't need to be fueled
  and cannot be extincted. They can also have some special abilities like
  preventing you from getting overwhelmed by fear!
+ Get "See Invisible" if possible. Some very nasty monsters are invisible and
  "cold-blooded", that means they cannot be seen by infra-vision.
+ Get Poison Resistance! For example Boots of Mirkwood provide poison
  resistance. Also Elven Armors often provide it. If you are trained in the
  art of mimicry, you could try to use the form of a monster which has poison
  resistance intrinsically.
+ Try to Get Confusion Resistance
  Note that chaos resistance also provides confusion resistance.
+ Get Nexus Resistance. Nexus attacks can scramble your body, swapping your
  stats, which can be very annoying. (See 5.6.)
+ Try to get Blindness Resistance
  Helms or Caps of seeing give this!
+ Try to get Hold Life.
  This prevents your life force from being drained, making you lose experience
  and going back in character level. Cloaks of Teleri Hold Life and provide
  Free Action.
+ Get powerful ego weapons
  like Gondolins or *Defenders*. These will provide lots of resistances and
  other abilities as well as deliver extra damage to certain monsters. Even if
  they give you 1 blow less per round than your normal weapon you should
  consider these.


Very high characters (36 and above)
-----------------------------------
+ A fighter should have at least 90 AC. He might also have already 130 AC at
  level 36 if he is lucky.
+ Get as many high resistances as you can.. You will want Nether, Nexus,
  Disenchantment, Chaos for example.
  Note that "Feather Falling", also known as "Levitation" provides resistance
  to gravity.
+ Get "See Invisible".
+ Get items that sustain your stats, for example a Robe of Permanence.
+ Get Randarts (randomly generated artifacts) or Artifacts (predefined
  artifacts / static artifacts) as melee weapon
  You will have to fight ring wraiths. Normal weapons, even those from
  Gondolin or the most powerful *Defenders* will quickly shatter if they come
  in contact with those unbelievably corrupted creatures of terror and hate.
  (I remember one day I lost 4 Gondolins that way, pure fun..) Your only way
  to fight them is to equip an artifact since these resist ring wraiths
  greatly.
+ You will want items that permanently increase your speed!
  +10 speed or +20 speed will make you approximately twice or three times as
  fast as you usually are. Note that the curve will become flatter the higher
  your speed is, so moving at more than +40 will hardly make a difference.



(7.3) Surviving critical situations
-----------------------------------

Map structures:
---------------
There are certain situations and constellations that will occur often in a
very similar manner. Here are some of them, together with some advice how
to manage it.

-A pack of approaching monsters (here orcs), often orcs or trolls:

#########   #  #
#  ooooo#   #  #
#  ooooo#####@ # <- stand there to intercept the incoming orcish horde.
#   ooooo oo   #    As soon as three or four of them stand on adjacent fields
#        o     #    move up one field to limit the attackers to 3 at a time.
#############  #    Sometimes the AI is very smart and monsters will try to
            #  #    surround you anyways. Phase door scrolls will help you out
                    then.

-Sometimes packs of monsters, usually animals, retreat if you chase them in
 hallways, and will only attack if you enter a room. You might want to just
 take them out with a bow or another ranged weapon instead of chasing them.
 If you decide to chase them to the next room make sure you have enough phase
 door scrolls and healing pots to win a fight where you are attacked from all
 sides at once.
 If you try to chase them through corridors, use the 'Sprint' fighting
 technique in case your character has learned it (see (6.12)).

-If you prefer close combat over ranged and your character can use fighting
 techniques, make sure to use the 'Sprint' or 'Taunt' technique to catch
 annoying monsters like shamans or priests that otherwise try to keep a
 distance.

-The range of your missile weapon (slings, bows, crossbows, boomerangs) is
 often greater than monsters' attack range as well as your own range of sight,
 allowing you to take out some monsters by just shooting into the dark a couple
 of times where you guess they might be.

-If you open a door, especially doors to pits with unknown content, be very
 careful and open the door diagonally to have as little creatures as possible
 see you from inside the pit. If you open the door to a so-called "jelly pit"
 (contains icky-things, jellies, mold, mushroom patches) you might be
 insta-killed otherwise. Here is how to open the door:

#######
#jm$,m#
#$m,jj#
#ijmm,#
#,mjjj#@ <- stand here and open the door diagonally
#j$m,i+  <- don't stand here or more monsters will see and immediately
#######     target you from inside

Prepare to close the door again as quickly as possible, it might be needed
(or just teleport away). In general you should leave jelly pits alone.
Coin pits (lots of '$' inside) can also contain very powerful mimics!

-If you fight monsters that can cast ball spells or breathe on you, be aware
 that they might target a field adjacent to you and hence still hit you (thanks
 to the radius of the spell around the actually targetted grid) even if they
 cannot target you directly!
 Similar goes for monsters who can cast summoning spells.

-Pack monsters can be very nasty if those farther away from you can still
 shoot or cast spells over the heads of their comrades in the front line, from
 behind, novice paladin packs come to mind at low levels.
 In that case you should make sure that only very few of them can see you at a
 time. If your health suddenly drops, teleport away at once, or at least
 retreat behind a corner.

-Sometimes it might be a good idea to use a "Stone-to-mud" or "Trap/Door
 destruction" spell to open a door from a distance.

-For weaker characters it might be a good idea to stay around 1000..1500 ft
 and try to get enough stat potions (potions that raise your six primary
 stats, STR INT WIS DEX CON CHR) until they have a considerably high amount
 of hit points and/or combat potential before they dive deeper!

-If you fight a monster that is capable of casting powerful summoning spells,
 teleport at once if any summoned monsters appear around you!
 Don't hesitate for a split second, just to "check whether that was actually
 a dangerous summon or whether you might just take on all of them on".
 Hesitating in order to do so may well be your death sentence.


Some monsters that people often get killed by are:
--------------------------------------------------
-At very low levels there are especially 2 death causes:
 a) Pack monsters that have ranged attacks and fire at you all at once. See
    the map structures section above.
 b) Monsters that are simply a little bit faster than you so you can't run
    away if you decide that you can't beat them.
    Don't forget to use your 'Sprint' or 'Flash Bomb' fighting technique if
    you have learned it, might be useful to get away, or even to kill your
    opponents instead.
    See (7.1) and (7.2) how to equip yourself to minimize risks.

-If you recognize that you cannot win a fight and it will likely end deadly
 it might be a good idea to read a scroll of word-of-recall as early as
 possible and then try to survive until it kicks in and carries you to safety.

-Druid monsters, for example druid snotlings or druid kobolds. They can appear
 at very low level and they are able to cast firebolts that insta-kill you
 (instantly kill you).
 Again you should try to utilize fighting techniques if you can.

-Elite Uruks, they fire extremely sharp arrows, always posing a high threat.

-Chieftain/Warrior/Monk/Unbeliever monsters of any kind. You will often see
 someone being killed by a hill troll monk or forest troll chieftain for
 example.. Prepare to hit your phase door macro if you spot a shimmering
 extraordinarily fast moving monster within a potentially dangerous mob.

-Veteran archer/Master archer monsters of any kind can pose a very high
 threat. Better get reflection ability if you are planning to fight these in
 a ranged duel.

-Hounds with breaths that need a high resistance or that cannot be resisted at
 all. For example..
 At lower levels: Air hounds, Nexus hounds, Vibration hounds, Impact hounds,
                  Inertia hounds, Aquatic & Water hounds (avoid aquatic &
                  water hounds especially; the others still give very good
                  experience at a reasonable danger exposure.)
 At higher levels: Plasma hounds, Gravity hounds, Time hounds, Aether hounds,
                   Hounds of Tindalos (beware of Gravity & Time hounds
                   especially, Aether hounds can also give you some surprise).

-Dark-Elven Warlocks. These belong to the few monsters that can cast mana
 bolts, which inflict very high damage. Even worse, DEW (Dark-Elven Warlocks)
 can appear in packs. Beware!

-Will o' the wisps are very hard to spot and catch, their curses are
 devastating.

-The Glass Golem drives everyone insane whom it manages to hit, high AC helps.

-Drolems. A constructed dragon that will breathe poison for high damage and
 takes a lot of hits before ceasing to function.

-The Stormbringer, an animated blade that bears mad fury within. It swings
 so powerful that it can knockout its enemies with ease. Defeating it,
 however, will make it usable to its defeater!

The most powerful representant of each class:
-Ranger chieftains are tough opponents who can nail you on the spot and
 use magic attacks as well as summon.
-Knight Templars, powerful paladins who are immune to holy attacks and
 are even able to call an angel for support.
-Patriarchs, these unfaltering priestlords can summon and curse rapidly.
-Master Mindcrafters, their ability to summon mighty support and to smash
 your brain by psi attacks is feared.
-Old sorcerors are able to summon ancient dragonkind and wyrms, beware!
-(Grand) Swordsmasters, most skilled swordsmen that will disarm you easily.
-(Grand) Master mystics, most powerful martial artists. With their special
 moves they can manage to stun you easily. Best remedy is high AC so
 they won't hit you in the first place. Alternatively you can quaff potions
 to remove any stun effect.
-(Grand) Master thieves, very fast and stealthy they steal your possessions!

-Unique enemies. If you see a monster blinking in different colours, before
 trying to kill it you should examine the text file "r_info.txt" located in
 the lib\game directory to find out if it is a certain unique enemy. Then look
 up his abilities and make sure you are prepared to fight him.
 If possible, consult fellow players for their opinions.
 (See (7.4) for more info about spoiler files.)

-If you see an enemy that you don't know anything about and that could pose a
 threat (especially if it's inside a vault!), STAY AWAY and consult either an
 experienced player or look into the file r_info.txt in your tomenet/lib/game
 directory to find out what the opponent is capable of. The safest (and most
 boring and least rewarding) way to play is to avoid vaults! Vaults can
 contain an enemy against whom you don't have the slightest chance of
 winning. Vaults however can also contain great treasure!

-The most powerful monsters of the demon realm, the dragonkind and the
 heavenly planes, namely Star-spawns of Cthulu, Great Wyrms of Power,
 balance keepers of the skies, sun and stars (Blades), Nether Realm guards.

-Blinking 'A' (unique angels) or 'U' (powerful or unique demons) as well as
 bright coloured 'U' (greater demons) and blinking 'W' (zephyr lords or
 Nazgul) always pose a high threat. While Zephyr lords aren't that strong on
 their own they are able to summon packs of hounds which can mean a swift doom
 if those have dangerous breathing attacks.
 Some other dangerous demons are..
 Servitors of the outer gods, Lords of Change, Greater Balrogs,
 Bloodthirsters, Pit Fiends, Great Unclean Ones, Keepers of Secrets.

-High undead can also pose a high threat and are responsible for many a death,
 those are Nightwalkers, Nightcrawlers, Nightwings and their likes.

-Nazgul have quite some chance to destroy your melee weapon if you hit them!
 In case your melee weapon isn't your main way of fighting you could inscribe
 it @Ox before fighting a Nazgul to avoid auto-retaliation and then use
 spells or whatever to destroy it. If you rely on melee weapons get an
 artifact since these resist Nazgul greatly!
 However, you probably still don't want to risk your best artifact weapon,
 so try to get a worse artifact which you can solely (ab)use for fighting
 Nazgul. Some people are rumoured to defeat Nazgul with nothing but their
 ability to read, although they aren't even remotely magically talented..
 (Compare (1.5).)

-Unique 'P's are often very dangerous, some say the most dangerous next to
 Morgoth himself is Nodens, Lord of the Great Abyss.


Mistakes / Carelessness:
------------------------
-Further, players are often killed if they lack resistances and/or free action
 (against paralyzation) but nevertheless dive down into the dungeon very
 quickly.

-Teleport out of trouble
 If you are not an antimagic-user, you should buy a staff of teleportation as
 soon as possible since it can take you out of dangerous situations.
 However, the staff is no guarantee :)
 After you bought it, try if you can actually use it well or if you keep
 failing! If you're not good at magic devices you might have to spend points
 into your 'Magic Device' skill.
 I recommend to always have at least 3 charges in the staff before diving into
 the dungeon.
 Another possibility is to use a Scroll of Remove Curse (buy it in the temple
 ie the green '4') on a Ring or Amulet of Teleportation. Try to activate one
 of them.

-Quaff potions of cure critical wounds or healing if you get (heavily) stunned
 to prevent a lethal knockout in the next round! Further you can't use martial
 arts special moves while stunned, cutting your damage a lot.
 Get sound resistance to not waste potions to cure stun effects from
 water/sound/gravity/ice/plasma attacks.

-Don't wait till you are a '1' or '0' before you try to teleport out.
 If you want to be on the safe side, teleport out when you are a '4' or '3'.
 Remember that your teleport staff may fail sometimes.

-Before AND after a larger fight, check your inventory if you can carry on
 or if you have to return to town to stock up. A common problem is that some
 monsters can drain charges from or burn up your teleport items, which you
 might overlook.

-If you are surrounded by huge piles of loot from dead monsters you might be
 tempted to drop cheaper items like phase door scrolls to make room for the
 precious loot, and go /afk to wait for pseudo-id. However, know that you
 _can_ all of a sudden be ambushed during that time by enemies. By enemies
 that _require_ you to use phase door..

-I do not recommend to drop food nor oil in exchange for loot if you're not
 planning to recall instantly after you picked up the loot.

-Learn from your mistakes. If you die, think about if you were taking too high
 a risk, and check if you overlooked anything, maybe you were missing
 essential items (cure critical wound potions to get rid of confusion and
 blindness).
 Next time, be more careful. Playing TomeNET means learning a lot about the
 monsters/items.


Teamplay:
---------
-Team up with fellow players that are approximately at your character level.
 This means more fun and less danger. Your teammates can save your life and
 support you with helpful spells, items and knowledge.
 A player in a party gets a share of experience points from the kills of other
 party members if they are within 7 levels to the player.
 A character cannot gain any exp from a monster which has previously
 encountered a player more than 8 levels higher than this character himself.
 (So there is 1 level tolerance towards sharing experience.)
 For winners (queens/kings/empresses/emperors) the range in which they share
 experience is as far as 11 levels.
 Winners don't share experience with non-winner characters.
 See (6.9) for details about partying!

-Good combinations are the classical meat shields / damage dealers /
 supporters. Mages usually make a great team with whomever they team up.
 Keep your teammates in mind and don't teleport out if it meant
 certain death to them while you could still take some hits.



(7.4) Spoiler files
-------------------
In the folder tomenet/lib/game you find several data files containing
various information about all monsters, items and other features of TomeNET.
These files are named X_info.txt and can be read via a normal text editor.
The most important files are:
r_info.txt  contains all monsters.
k_info.txt  contains all base item types.
e_info.txt  contains all ego item types.
a_info.txt  contains all artifacts.
All files contain a block of information, either at the beginning or at the
very end, which explains the meaning of each discrete info-line.



(7.5) Skill point distribution
------------------------------
Melee fighters should maximize (to get extra attacks and extra damage) one of
the weapon masteries (Sword, Blunt, Polearm, Axes) or Martial Arts if they
prefer weaponless combat, and 'Interception'.
Interception is especially important if they don't train Martial Arts, in
order to try and prevent their opponent from summoning or casting spells.
Hybrid classes might choose to not fully train their chosen mastery to have
spare skill points for spell casting or other skills.

Spellcasters might want to train Spell-Power additionally to their school
spells to further boost their powers.

Archers probably want to train Calmness to keep shooting adjacent enemies,
without getting intercepted by them. And of course they should train one of
the ranged-weapon masteries (Bows, Crossbows, Slings) to eventually get some
extra shots per round, and also train Archery up to 50 to get additional
extra might.

Spare skill points might be well invested into Stealth and Sneakiness,
especially in Stealth if your stealth is rather low and you tend to wake up
every monster nearby early.



(8) Miscellanous
================

(8.1) 'The Art Not To Die'
--------------------------
You died. Hm, very annoying indeed. If you are a "No-ghost" or "Hellish"
character, then you are wiped out now. Otherwise you became a ghost on the
same dungeon level as you died on. Your items are scattered on the floor, now
what to do? The items will disappear forever if you leave that dungeon level
and noone remains down there to "keep the level static" or "hold the level",
as the technical terms are. If you think you really need the items, ask
someone to get down to your dungeon level and either revive you there using a
'Scroll of Life' or pick up your items and give them back to you in town after
you revived in the town's temple (green '4').
If your character level is still very low, you can just decide to suicide and
start over. That is sometimes easier.
In TomeNET you will often encounter new situations that can lead to death. The
most important thing here is that you keep in mind your mistakes of the past
to prevent them from happening again. A key to winning is a firm knowledge of
the monsters that you encounter, so you will be able to decide if you should
attack or flee.
In my opinion playing TomeNET can be called "the art not to die".



(8.2) Character Dumps
---------------------
You should send in character dumps, if you have reached an intermediate level,
to http://angband.oook.cz/ or if it died an interesting death or if something
unusual happened to your character, or if you just want to show off your
special way of distributing skill points. Character dumps are always nice to
view. :)

You can create a character dump by invoking the character screen by pressing
'C' and then pressing 'f' (as it states at the bottom).

Character dumps are automatically created in your /TomeNET/lib/user folder
if your character dies. The filename is charactername-death.txt, for example
Gandalf-death.txt. (no overwrite-check is performed.)

Clients of version greater than plain 4.4.2 will also generate an automatic
dump when you win the game by defeating Morgoth. Following above's example,
it will be named Gandalf-victory.txt accordingly.

Also, newer clients will automatically take an xhtml screenshot too when a
char dump is made, of same name but with .xhtml ending. Those can be viewed
in most webbrowsers.



(8.3) Golem creation
---------------------
Players can create golems, mindless animated humanoids that will fight for
them. As long as the golem is not in their way of moving, monsters won't
attack golems, but instead the controlling player.

To create a golem, you will need these parts:
-A 'scroll of Golem Creation'
-A massive piece of a specific material
-Arms, up to 4.
-Legs, at least 2, can be up to 30 (a centipede-style golem!)

To control the golem, you will need 3 controlling scrolls. These won't be
read, but activated! On activation ('A') they toggle the golem's behaviour.
The scrolls are:
-A 'Golem Scroll of Guard'
-A 'Golem Scroll of Following'
-A 'Golem Scroll of Attack'

If you have gathered all these items in your inventory, read the scroll of
golem creation! The golem will only listen to commands of a scroll which
was in your inventory when you read the scroll of golem creation, so make
sure you carry all 3 controlling scrolls before creating it.

Each arm will inflict (x)d(3 + arm value) damage on a target.
The arm value is displayed in brackets, part of the item name.
The 'x' are listed in the materials table below.
Example: A 'Golem Arm (+8)' of an 'Iron Golem' will do 9d(3+8) damage, so
9d11, which means the damage per hit varies randomly from 9 up to 99.
Each leg will increase the golem's speed by the number displayed on the leg.
A golem with 30 legs can be *FAST*, but keep in mind that more than 40..50
speed won't do much of a difference since speed effect in general decreases at
very high values.

The material determines armour class, hit points and the damage dice count of
the golem. Materials are:
    Wood             20 AC,  10d10 hit dice,  3 damage dice.
    Copper           40 AC,  10d20 hit dice,  6 damage dice.
    Iron             70 AC,  10d40 hit dice,  9 damage dice.
    Aluminium        90 AC,  10d60 hit dice, 12 damage dice.
    Silver          100 AC,  10d70 hit dice, 15 damage dice.
    Gold            130 AC,  10d80 hit dice, 18 damage dice.
    Mithril         160 AC, 10d100 hit dice, 21 damage dice.
    Adamantite      210 AC, 10d150 hit dice, 24 damage dice.
Some rumours say that the highest materials can only be found on even deeper
dungeons than where Morgoth, Lord of Darkness resides.

If the creator inscribes items in his inventory with '@G' and then creates a
golem, those items will be transferred to the golem (careful, they cannot be 
retrieved!) and fuse with it, bestowing it with their abilities.
The following rules are applied:
-An item 'of life (+x)' increases the hit dice number by x.
-An item that raises the player's speed by x speeds the golem up by 2 / 3 * x.
-An item that improves the player's tunneling ability bestows the KILL_WALL
ability upon the golem.
-An item that gives fire or acid resitance will make the golem immune(!) to
fire or acid.
-An item that gives nether or nexus or disenchantment resistance will give
the according resistance to the golem.
All other items/abilities have no effect.

Golems can't be detected by ESP, they regenerate quickly, they are powerful
and can push past weaker monsters, they can bash doors. They can dig through
rock, they are immune to cold, electricity and poison, they don't know fear
and can neither be confused nor paralyzed. They are immune to teleportation
attacks. Golems have always the maximum possible hit dice. Further, golems
count as '100 %clones', hence giving no experience if someone kills them.
Golems always attack by hitting with their arms for raw physical damage.
A golem has the same level as its owner had at the time of creation.
Golem owners don't get experience for monsters killed by the golem.

*If the scroll of attack is toggled, the golem will attack its master's current
 target.
*If the scroll of guard is toggled, the golem will start attacking monsters
 nearby. If there aren't any, it just waits.
*If the scroll of following is toggled, the golem will just follow its master.
 If a scroll is activated although the according state is already active, the
 golem will stop doing that.

Last but not least, the golem is..
-following you on staircases up/downwards.
-transported with you by word of recall.
-not transported by normal teleportation.
-saved if you exit the game.
-the golem will never attack other players unless you set them to hostile via
 the party menu ('P'). If they are hostile, the same rules as for monsters
 apply (see the description of the 3 command scrolls above).
-never attacked in melee by other players except if hostile.
 Spells cast by other players will always hurt it though.



(8.4) Artifact creation
-----------------------
"Scrolls of Artifact Creation" count to the most wanted items in the game
because of their power to turn a normal piece of equipment into a powerful
random artifact. Often kings and queens look out for these since they are
unable to use static artifacts, so they depend on rand-arts.
The scrolls are very rarely found; occasions to buy one are fair in the
expensive black market, but also the normal BM may sometimes offer some.
It doesn't matter where you are, what level you are, or whether your character
has 'luck' or not when you read the scroll, the resulting artifact's power is
always determined randomly.

Here is some advice how to use these most valuable scrolls wisely:

DOESN'T ENCHANT WHOLE STACKS:
-Don't use scrolls of artifact creation on item stacks, it would
reduce the stack to 1.

ONLY WORKS ON STANDARD EQUIPMENT:
-Artifact creation only works on items that can be equipped - with the
exception of tool items like diggers, picklock, money belt, device of theft
prevention, tarpaulin, flint, mummy wrapping, climbing set. These won't work!

DOESN'T WORK ON EGOS / ARTS:
-Don't use them on ego items or artifacts, or you will lose the scroll!
If you use it on items with a discount, the artifact will get it too.
Watch out: 'Indestructible' and 'Cursed' rings are ego items too, so are
'Amulets of Telepathic Awareness', 'Rings of Polymorphing' and
Dragon Scale Mails 'of Defense'!

HOW IT WORKS ON JEWELRY:
-In general, it's not always a good idea to try to turn a ring or amulet that
has high bonus numbers into an artifact, like for example a ring of speed
(+11) because these numbers will get erased and randomly re-rolled.
On jewelry (+to-hit,+to-dam) and [+AC] will stay the same (for example a ring
of slaying (+10,+15) will keep the (+10,+15)).
(Any dice (xdy) as well as _base_ AC [x,+0] on jewelry will always become 0.)

HOW IT WORKS ON NON-JEWELRY:
-All boni, to-hit/to-dam/to-ac and the pval/bpval (those (+x) bonus) are
randomly rerolled. So it won't matter what stats the item has, only its
base type is important.

ITEMS THAT ALREADY HAVE ONE OR MORE ABILITIES:
-Some items already possess certain abilities even without ego powers.
For example dragon scale mails or jewelry. Important: The abilities of these
items will be added to the randart abilities when it comes to determining the
total power of that random artifact. That means that you're less likely to see
many additonal abilities on an item which already has several abilities in
it's usual form.
For example it's hard to get extra mods on a Multi-hued Dragon Scale Mail, and
in fact impossible to get any extra mod on a Power Dragon Scale Mail, so don't
waste a scroll on this one.
However, IGNORE_ flags on items are an exception and do not count into this.

Also note that randarts cannot get more than two immunities in total.


Mods on the final randart:
--------------------------
The item will gain a random number of random properties. The more powerful it
becomes, the higher a chance of also becoming 'aggravating' will be.
(See (5.8) for more information about AGGRAVATE flag.)

There is always a 10% chance that the resulting randart will be 'cursed'.
Cursed randarts cannot be sold to shops even if the curse is broken. They gain
only very few abilities, which are accompanied by different types of curses.

All armour-type randarts will have at least +10 to AC bonus (except if they
happen to be cursed), usually much more, dragon scale mails especially.
Also, the higher level the base type of an armour, the more +AC it can expect
as a randart.

Possible mods that randarts may get depend on its base type.
Further, there are general mods that may appear on all items regardless of its
type. For each applied mod there is a chance of 50% to be picked from either
type-dependant mods or general mods.
Ammunition (shots/pebbles, arrows, bolts) will never get general mods but only
type-dependant ones.
Boomerangs, bows, crossbows and slings usually get more type-dependant mods
than general mods.


Type-dependant mods:
--------------------
Bows, crossbows, slings
        Extra shots
        Extra might
        +hit bonus
        +dam bonus
Weapons
        Blessed (usable for priests without penalty)
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
Weapons, boomerangs
        Elemental (acid/elec/fire/cold/poison) brands
        Increased damage dice
        All SLAY mods (also have a chance to add the corresponding ESP)
        All KILL (*SLAY*) mods (will also add the corresponding ESP)
        See invisible
        Extra attacks
        Extra +hit and +dam bonus
        Extra +AC bonus
        Critical hit bonus
        Vampiric life leech
        Chaotic (same as ego power)
        Reduced weight
Mage staves
        Sustain wisdom
        Sustain intelligence
        See invisible
        Random ESP
        Extra +mana capacity bonus
Boomerangs (also see 'Weapons' above) 
        Extra shots
Dark swords
        Increased anti-magic (not over 30% in total)
Ammunition
        All elemental brands (acid/elec/fire/cold/poison)
        All SLAY mods
        All KILL (*SLAY*) mods
        Vampiric life leech
        Exploding property. The type of explosion damage is randomly picked
                            from this list:
                            Acid, electricity, fire, cold, poison,
                            light, dark, confusion, plasma, sound, shards,
                            force, inertia, mana, meteor, ice, chaos, nether,
                            nexus, time, gravity, stone-to-mud, teleport away,
                            scare monster, nuke, stun, disintegration,
                            hell fire.
        Extra +hit and +dam bonus
        +1 Extra damage side or dice
Boots
        Feather falling (levitation)
        Flying
        Climbing
        Extra +AC bonus
        Stealth
        Speed
        Reduced weight
Gloves
        Free action
        Mana capacity bonus
        Auto-ID
        Strength bonus
        Dexterity bonus
        Extra attacks (+1 or +2)
        Critical hit bonus
        One of the elemental brands (acid/elec/fire/cold/poison) or SLAY mods
        Vampiric life leech
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
        Extra +AC bonus (less common than on other items)
        +hit and +dam bonus
Caps and helms
        Resist blindness
        Auto-ID
        All possible ESP mods (including ESP_ALL)
        See invisible
        Intelligence bonus
        Wisdom bonus (less common than on crowns)
        Extra +AC bonus (somewhat more common than on other items)
        Infra-vision
        Resist confusion
        Resist fear
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
Crowns
        Resist blindness
        Auto-ID
        All possible ESP mods (including ESP_ALL)
        See invisible
        Intelligence bonus
        Wisdom bonus
        Extra +AC bonus
        Mana capacity bonus
        Infra-vision
        Faster mana regeneration
        Resist confusion
        Resist fear
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
Shields
        All basic resistances (acid/elec/fire/cold)
        Reflection
        Reduced weight
        Always the maximum of +15 AC, if the server uses block-percentages
Cloaks
        Stealth
        Feather falling (levitation)
        Flying
        Fire/cold/acid/lightning resistances
        Chance for either lightning or fire aura and corresponding resistance
        Chance for shard resistance
        Hold life
        Invisibility
        Extra +AC bonus (somewhat more common than on other items)
Body Armour (except for Dragon Scale Mails)
        Stealth
        Hold life
        Constitution bonus (has a chance to include constitution sustenance)
        All basic resistances (acid/elec/fire/cold)
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
        Reduced weight
        Extra +AC bonus
Dragon Scale Mails
        Hold life
        Strength bonus (has a chance to include strength sustenance)
        Constitution bonus (has a chance to include constitution sustenance)
        Hit point bonus (+LIFE)   (*)
        Extra +AC bonus
Light sources
        Increased light radius
        Everburning (no fuel needed; applies only if item usually needs fuel)

(*): This mod (+LIFE) is only available if a winner (Queen/King/Empress/
     Emperor) created the artifact or killed the monster which dropped the
     artifact. The mod will only have effect on..
     a) winners (Queens/Kings/Empresses/Emperors)
     b) players whose current level is at least as high as the item level
        (even if they are the rightful owner of the randart).
     c) if the server as the 'Fallen Kings Etiquette' enabled, meaning that
        players who won once but then died cannot use static artifacts either,
        then they will be able to find and use +LIFE randarts if they are at
        least level 50!


General mods:
-------------
        Bonus on any stats (has chance to include sustenance for that stat;
                            wisdom might also include 'Blessed' flag)
        Sustenances on any stats (has chance to include bonus for that stat)
        Stealth
        Searching
        Speed
        Any base immunities (acid/elec/fire/cold). Note: A randart cannot have
                                                   more than two immunities!
        Free action
        Hold life
        Any base resistances (acid/elec/fire/cold)
        Any of these resistances:
                Poison, Light, Dark, Blindness, Confusion, Sound,
                Shards, Nether, Nexus, Chaos, Disenchantment
        Feather falling
        Glowing (+1 light radius)
        See invisible
        All possible ESP mods (including ESP_ALL)
        Slow digestion
        Faster mana regeneration
        Faster HP regeneration
        Anti-magic shell (Legendary saving throw, 95% cap)

Technical stuff (no need to read this, basically :)-
More details about how randart creation works internally:
First, a 'target power' is chosen randomly, usually in the range from 40..120.
Then, TomeNET tries several times to generate a randart that approximately
fits into that target power. To do this, after a randart is randomly created,
all its abilities are checked and calculated into a single number, the
'artifact_power'. If this approximately matches the 'target power', the
randart is finally created. If the numbers differ a lot, the randart is erased
and randomly recreated until its powers are fitting. The higher the target
power is, the more likely the randart will be 'aggravating nearby creatures'.
(See (5.8) for more information about AGGRAVATE flag.)



(8.5) Troubleshooting
---------------------
Note: Some of these problems are deprecated and don't exist in this form or at
all anymore. Some messages might also vary slightly.

PROBLEM 00: I am behind a firewall. What ports do I need to open in order to
            play TomeNET?
SOLUTION:   You only need to allow an outgoing TCP/IP connection to remote
            port 18348, that's the standard port servers run on. (If you'd
            like to play on the RPG server, it's port 19348 instead of 18348.)
            If you don't have access to the firewall, for example in school or
            at work, you can still try to set up an SSH tunnel or a socks
            proxy server (on either the firewall machine or your PC at home or
            any other PC outside. Ask google for info about how to do that).

PROBLEM 01: I don't get to see a server list when I start TomeNET.
            Instead, I am immediately asked for account and password.
SOLUTION:   This is a typical problem on Windows XP. There are 3
            possible fixes:
            -Use 'Win98 Compatibility Mode' (Create a link from TomeNET.exe,
             right-click it, choose 'properties', choose 'Compatibility'.
             This option is available natively on Windows XP systems; for
             Windows 2000 systems first try the other two points mentioned
             below, if they don't help, get the compatibility mode update
             from www.microsoft.com or from www.c-blue.de/appupd.exe ).
            -Move the 'TomeNET' directory to your drive's root. For
             example C:\TomeNET\.. .
            -Make sure the path name does not contain any spaces!
            -to edit your "TomeNET.ini" file and specify a host directly by
             specifying "HOST=tomenet.servegame.com".
             Or you can even give the IP address "HOST=85.118.45.235".

PROBLEM 02: I get to a server list, but it doesn't show any servers. It just
            says 'Press Q to enter a server manually' and that's it.
SOLUTION:   There are 2 possible solutions.
            -There is currently no public TomeNET server running. That can
             happen if a server update is currently being applied or if for
             some reason the server just crashed. Try again after a minute.
            -There are some DNS problems. These can happen for various reasons
             although they aren't very likely. DNS problems can last for a
             longer period of time though, being very annoying.
             That the server isn't listed doesn't mean that it's down though.
             You should try to connect manually (press 'Q') to either:
             tomenet.servegame.com
             or (if that doesn't work either) directly to its IP adress:
             85.118.45.235

PROBLEM 03: When I start TomeNET I don't see anything except a small hollow
            yellow rectangle (the cursor). All windows stay black. It seems
            that the cursor reacts to my inputs by printing out some black
            hence invisible text.
SOLUTION:   A rare problem that is not caused by TomeNET really. Restart your
            MS Windows system and the text should be visible again.
            (This usually only happens once, after updating the client.)

PROBLEM 04: All windows except for the main window stay empty.
SOLUTION:   First make sure it's really a bug and not just missing window
            settings: Press '=' key and 'W' key and configure your windows
            appropriately. It is vital to set one of the windows to display
            game and/or chat messages, so you can actually read what other
            players write, and also keep track of combat messages!
            When you're done setting up the windows, go to 'save options'
            (key '9'). If all the windows are still blank, read on:
            Reasons are unknown. Sometimes a simple reboot helps. Otherwise:
            Open TomeNET.ini file with a text editor, look for the window
            sections, change the fonts to the same settings (8x13) as in the
            [Main window] section: FontFile=8X13.FON , Font=8X13.FON .
            Also, you could adjust the width/height of the windows (to 80x24
            for example). Try other fonts too, maybe they work for you.

PROBLEM 05: I cannot browse (some) spell books, I see some LUA error messages
            if I try or when I connect to the server.
SOLUTION:   Your LUA script files are outdated. Those files are responsible
            for any spell-casting and some other things.
            To update them, you have 2 possibilities:
            -Automatic update: Join the server, you should see a message in
             the chat window, saying that (some of) your LUA files are being
             updated.
            -If for some reason auto-update doesn't work for you,
             download the latest client again.

PROBLEM 06: TomeNET seems to freeze up while playing.
SOLUTION:   This can happen if your latency is relatively high and many
            messages are transported between the server and your client.
            In fact it's just your display that freezes up. In that state
            you can for example type a chat message and other players
            will read it.
            Quit the game and join again to continue playing.
            Or just start another instance of the game and log in, that will
            override the old connection, making your client quit with
            "resume connection" message.

PROBLEM 07: I am disconnected during gameplay.
SOLUTION:   This can have several reasons. On disconnection a message box will
            appear, telling you about the problem. The following messages
            might occur:
            "client quit"
                    This just shows up if you regularly quit your client.
            "Committed suicide"
                    You just committed suicide..
            "resume connection"
                    This happens if you try to log in the same character with
                    two TomeNET clients at once, the older client will quit
                    and the client that just logged in will take over.
            "Killed by..."
                    Your character was finally killed/destroyed.
            "Starving to death"
                    You died to starvation.
            "Timeout 08"
                    This happens if you 'lag out' on a slow connection or if
                    the server or your computer is under very heavy load.
            "Panic save failed"
                    This means the server just crashed and even failed to save
                    the characters :(. It will usually be back online after a
                    minute or earlier.
            "Panic save succeded"
                    This means the server just crashed :(. It will usually
                    be back online after a minute or earlier.
            "Server shutdown (save succeeded)"
                    The server was shut down regularly. It will usually be
                    back online after a minute or earlier.
            "Server shutdown (save failed!)"
                    The server was shut down regularly but saving the
                    characters failed for some reason (insufficient disk
                    space). It will usually be back online after a minute or
                    earlier.
            "banned for ..."
                    You were banned temporarily from the server (includes
                    being kicked out).
            "kicked out"
                    You were kicked out of the server.
            "read error"
                    Can happen if you lag out or if packet loss occurs.
            "write error"
                    Can happen if you lag out or if packet loss occurs.
            "flush error"
                    Can happen if you lag out or if packet loss occurs.
            "receive error in play"
                    Can happen if you lag out or if packet loss occurs.

PROBLEM 08: I am disconnected from the server with an error message, this
            happens before I can even start playing.
SOLUTION:   Read the error message displayed in a message box on quitting.
            Here is a list of possible errors and solutions:
            "Your name is too long!"
                    Don't use names longer than 15 characters.
            "Your name contains control chars!"
                    Don't use control chars in your name.
            "No such character"
                    Your client tried to log in with a
                    non-existant character (shouldn't happen).
            "You are temporarily banned from connecting to this server!"
                    Self-explaining.
            "disconnect in login"
                    Don't take too long for your character
                    creation or you might time out.
            "login failure" or "can't read on socket"+"net input error" in the
            character overview screen:
                    A wrong account or password was entered.
            "Name already owned"
                    Account name already exists.
            "Your client is outdated. Please get the latest one from
            http://www.tomenet.net/"
                    Download the latest client, see (0.1).
            "Server responds 'Unknown client version'. Server might
            be outdated or client is invalid. Latest client is at
            http://www.tomenet.net/"
                    The server might be running an older
                    version than your client is.
            "Sorry, the game is full.  Try again later."
                    Wow the game is really full!
            "That nickname is already in use."
                    Choose a different character name.
            "The server didn't like your nickname, realname or hostname"
            (or just "Net input error")
                    Player characters are identified by 3 names:
                    -Nickname (character's name)
                    -Realname (account name)
                    -Hostname (The hostname of the connecting computer)
                    The hostname is not really important. However, make sure
                    that all of these 3 names may only consist of letters,
                    numbers, spaces, and all other characters with an ASCII
                    code between 32 (SPACE) and 122 ('z').
                    The realname and hostname must not be empty. The nickname
                    (character name) needs to start with a letter ('A'..'Z'
                    or 'a'..'z').
            "There is already another character from this user/machine on the
            server."
                    You tried to login with two characters from the same
                    account or machine simultaneously, which is usually
                    forbidden.
            "Sorry, the server is for members only.  Please retry with name
            'guest'."
                    Log in with 'guest'. You need to get an account for this
                    private server in order to play. Check the server's intro
                    screen for information about how to obtain an account.
            "That nick name is already in use. If it is your nickname, wait 30
            seconds and try again."
                    Happens if you get disconnected and then try to reconnect
                    from a different IP adress before your character timed out
                    (which takes approximately 20-30 seconds).
            ("Connection failed with status xx" (xx is an error code)
                    This message should never appear.)
            "That server either isn't up, or you mistyped the hostname."
                    The client was unable to connect to the server you
                    specified. If you are sure that you have entered the
                    correct IP adress or hostname, check your firewall (see
                    PROBLEM 00 for more information).
                    NOTE: Servers might be down temporarily when they are
                    updated. So make sure to try again after a few minutes.
                    If the server really seems to be down for a longer period
                    of time, us admins are probably not at home and you'll
		    have to wait for a bit, sorry. Such downtimes basically
		    never happen though.
            "Server didn't respond!"
                    The server is up, but something is awry. Wait for a few
                    minutes, there might be admins working on it at the
                    moment. Otherwise, visit the forum (see above).
            "Network verify failed!"
                    May happen if you specify a wrong password or try to
                    create an account which already exists.
                    Also happens (following a "No Verify Response") if your
                    connection to the server is *really* bad.
            If you get kicked out with an error message on the character
            overview screen (which seems to be empty), also see PROBLEM 14.

PROBLEM 09: I can't connect to the meta-server (the server that displays you
            a list of online TomeNET servers) or a specific TomeNET server.
            Instead my connection seems to time-out.
SOLUTION:   If you are behind a firewall make sure that the TCP ports
            8801 for metaserver and 18348 for the actual TomeNET server aren't
            blocked. (Well, the metaserver isn't needed to play - specify the
            game server via command-line or when asked for it after starting
            up the game then.)

PROBLEM 10: I'm not blocked by a firewall, but I still don't see the
            metaserver when I run Tomenet. Instead after waiting for a short
            period of time I'm asked to enter a server manually.
SOLUTION:   The meta-server might be down or a DNS problem might be occuring
            right now. This can happen from time to time. You don't need the
            meta-server to play TomeNET though.
            Just type in the hostname of the server you'd like to connect to,
            for official main server:   tomenet.servegame.com
            If the hostname doesn't work you can also try entering its IP
            address 85.118.45.235.
            Make sure your TomeNET.ini file contains the correct server port,
            usually 18348! This port isn't needed if you use the meta-list to
            choose a server to connect to, but it's important if you connect
            directly!
            You can connect directly to a TomeNET server and skip the meta
            server list by running your Tomenet directly from the command-line
            (DOS window) within its folder, adding the server IP as a
            parameter. (In windows2k choose START/Run... and type 'cmd'
            without quotation marks to open a command-line window.
            Alternatively you can create a shortcut from your TomeNET.exe by
            right-clicking, dragging, releasing it. Edit this shortcut's
            properties and add the server IP to the command-line.)
            For official main server it would look like this:
            TomeNET.exe tomenet.servegame.com
            If the hostname doesn't work for whatever reason you may try the
            IP adress:
            TomeNET.exe 85.118.45.235

PROBLEM 11: The main window doesn't display the floor dots in town and in
            certain dungeons, like the Training Tower and Angband. Further,
            fields are sometimes not redrawn correctly, resulting in fake
            'trails'.
SOLUTION:   Seems to happen on Windows machines sometimes.
            Workaround (will slightly change the game's look, ie those dots):
            Edit /lib/user/font-win.prf and comment out the lines which end on
            the string '\31' (should be 2 lines at the beginning of the file,
            those labelled 'Floors' and 'Invis Traps').
            'Commenting out' means that you simply put a '#' symbol at the
            beginning of a line.

PROBLEM 12: Every time I connect to the server it will automatically download
            LUA script files. However, they will have a size of 0 Bytes.
SOLUTION:   Possibly write-protection on existing files or the folder.
            Workaround: Make sure you really have the latest LUA files in
            TomeNET's /lib/scpt folder (you can download them from
            http://www.tomenet.net/ or our personal pages). Then set all LUA
            files in that directory to write-protected. This will prevent
            TomeNET from overwriting them with 0 Byte files.

PROBLEM 13: I seem to be able to login, create a new character or select a
            character, and see the message of the day (login screen).
            But right before the actual game starts I get a broken pipe / no
            packet reply error.
SOLUTION:   This might be caused by a misconfigured router (some D-Link models
            for example). Try to establish an SSH-tunnel from your PC behind
            the router to a machine outside of your LAN for port 18348.
            (This might even reduce lag under certain circumstances.)

PROBLEM 14: I get kicked out with an error message after entering an account
            name and password.
SOLUTION:   It's most likely because that account name is already in use by
            someone else so your password was recognized as 'incorrect' since
            it was most likely different from that user's password. Just try a
            different account name.
            Likewise, if that account indeed belongs to you, you have probably
            made a typo while entering your password.

PROBLEM 15: The level completely changed while I was on it.
SOLUTION:   No real solution at this time, sorry. See (0.5) for more
            information about that problem. ('types of crashes')
            IMPORTANT: You should restart the client immediately and recall
            right after you logged back in, to avoid getting killed.

PROBLEM 16: I cannot see monster x although I can 'See Invisible'.
SOLUTION:   Some monsters have no appeareance and cannot be seen at all.

PROBLEM 17: After my character appears in the actual game, I receive an orange
            message saying "Receiving updated file ....", followed by a red
            message saying "No access to lib directory!".
SOLUTION:   The first message means, that one or more magic spells or prayers
            have been changed, and your client tries to automatically update
            its spell scripts to the latest version (LUA scripts in lib/scpt).
            Since this update didn't always work for everyone, and sometimes
            the scripts would be deleted instead of updated due to a bug, all
            spell scripts (LUA files) were set to be write-protected. This
            prevents accidental deletion, but also prevents auto-updating,
            which is indicated by the red error message!
            To solve this, you will have to delete the files within your
            /lib/scpt directory and replace them with the latest versions
            manually.
            If auto-download fails, download the latest client manually again.
PROBLEM 18: When I try to unpack the latest TomeNET ZIP file, I get strange
            messages telling of 'write-protected', 'read-only' or 'password-
            protected'. Afterwards, the client won't function properly.
SOLUTION:   Make sure that TomeNET is NOT running while you try to install the
            new version. If TomeNET is running, the unpacking will fail to
            overwrite the existing files! Shut down TomeNET, then extract the
            ZIP (overwriting everything), then start TomeNET again.
PROBLEM 19: On GNU/Linux OS, When someone uses the /page command to page me,
            I don't hear the three beeps.
SOLUTION A: You are probably using OSS. If your soundcard or soundchip doesn't
            support mixing of multiple sources, that means only one program at
            a time can output sound. In that case, do the following:
            Make sure all your programs, like media players, instant
            messengers, system setting tools, etc. are set to use 'ALSA' for
            sound, not OSS. Now that all programs use ALSA, make Tomenet use
            ALSA too. You can do that by using an "ALSA wrapper" which takes
            the OSS sound output of any application that doesn't support ALSA
            natively, and wraps it to ALSA. The ALSA wrapper is called 'aoss'.
            After installing 'aoss', just use call it with the OSS application
            as parameter. Example:    $> aoss ./tomenet
            Another example (to start the Opera webbrowser):    $> aoss opera
SOLUTION B: If you are using X11, this problem may occur depending on your
            terminal configuration. At this time, all you can do is change
            your configuration, sorry.



(9) End of this guide
==============================================================================
If TomeNET experiences changes/improvements you can also expect this guide to
become updated shortly afterwards. Anyway, no guarantees ;)
Please don't hesitate to send in bug reports or suggestions to mail@c-blue.de
or (even better) use the "/rfe" command in the game!
==============================================================================